Description : This is an online edition of An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, or a dictionary of "Old English". The dictionary records the state of the English language as it was used between ca. 700-1100 AD by the Anglo-Saxon inhabitants of the British Isles.
This project is based on a digital edition of An Anglo-Saxon dictionary, based on the manuscript collections of the late Joseph Bosworth (the so called Main Volume, first edition 1898) and its Supplement (first edition 1921), edited by Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller, today the largest complete dictionary of Old English (one day to be hopefully supplanted by the DOE). Alistair Campbell's "enlarged addenda and corrigenda" from 1972 are not public domain and are therefore not part of the online dictionary. Please see the front & back matter of the paper dictionary for further information, prefaces and lists of references & contractions.
The digitization project was initiated by Sean Crist in 2001 as a part of his Germanic Lexicon Project and many individuals and institutions have contributed to this project. Check out the original GLP webpage and the old Bosworth-Toller offline application webpage (to be updated). Currently the project is hosted by the Faculty of Arts, Charles University.
In 2010, the data from the GLP were converted to create the current site. Care was taken to preserve the typography of the original dictionary, but also provide a modern, user friendly interface for contemporary users.
In 2013, the entries were structurally re-tagged and the original typography was abandoned, though the immediate access to the scans of the paper dictionary was preserved.
Our aim is to reach beyond a simple digital edition and create an online environment dedicated to all interested in Old English and Anglo-Saxon culture. Feel free to join in the editing of the Dictionary, commenting on its numerous entries or participating in the discussions at our forums.
We hope that by drawing the attention of the community of Anglo-Saxonists to our site and joining our resources, we may create a more useful tool for everybody. The most immediate project to draw on the corrected and tagged data of the Dictionary is a Morphological Analyzer of Old English (currently under development).
We are grateful for the generous support of the Charles University Grant Agency and for the free hosting at the Faculty of Arts at Charles University. The site is currently maintained and developed by Ondrej Tichy et al. at the Department of English Language and ELT Methodology, Faculty of Arts, Charles University in Prague (Czech Republic).
EngVallex 2.0 as a slightly updated version of EngVallex. It is the English counterpart of the PDT-Vallex valency lexicon, using the same view of valency, valency frames and the description of a surface form of verbal arguments. EngVallex contains links also to PropBank (English predicate-argument lexicon). The EngVallex lexicon is fully linked to the English side of the PCEDT parallel treebank(s), which is in fact the PTB re-annotated using the Prague Dependency Treebank style of annotation. The EngVallex is available in an XML format in our repository, and also in a searchable form with examples from the PCEDT. EngVallex 2.0 is the same dataset as the EngVallex lexicon packaged with the PCEDT 3.0 corpus, but published separately under a more permissive licence, avoiding the need for LDC licence which is tied to PCEDT 3.0 as a whole.
MorfFlex CZ 2.0 is the Czech morphological dictionary developed originally by Jan Hajič as a spelling checker and lemmatization dictionary. MorfFlex is a flat list of lemma-tag-wordform triples. For each wordform, full inflectional information is coded in a positional tag. Wordforms are organized into entries (paradigm instances or paradigms in short) according to their formal morphological behavior. The paradigm (set of wordforms) is identified by a unique lemma. Apart from traditional morphological categories, the description also contains some semantic, stylistic and derivational information. For more details see a comprehensive specification of the Czech morphological annotation http://ufal.mff.cuni.cz/techrep/tr64.pdf .
Slovak morphological dictionary modeled after the Czech one. It consists of (word form, lemma, POS tag) triples, reusing the Czech morphological system for POS tags and lemma descriptions.
NomVallex 2.0 is a manually annotated valency lexicon of Czech nouns and adjectives, created in the theoretical framework of the Functional Generative Description and based on corpus data (the SYN series of corpora from the Czech National Corpus and the Araneum Bohemicum Maximum corpus). In total, NomVallex is comprised of 1027 lexical units contained in 570 lexemes, covering the following parts-of-speech and derivational categories: deverbal or deadjectival nouns, and deverbal, denominal, deadjectival or primary adjectives. Valency properties of a lexical unit are captured in a valency frame (modeled as a sequence of valency slots, each supplemented with a list of morphemic forms) and documented by corpus examples. In order to make it possible to study the relationship between valency behavior of base words and their derivatives, lexical units of nouns and adjectives in NomVallex are linked to their respective base lexical units (contained either in NomVallex itself or, in case of verbs, in the VALLEX lexicon), linking up to three parts-of-speech (i.e., noun – verb, adjective – verb, noun – adjective, and noun – adjective – verb).
In order to facilitate comparison, this submission also contains abbreviated entries of the base verbs of these nouns and adjectives from the VALLEX lexicon and simplified entries of the covered nouns and adjectives from the PDT-Vallex lexicon.
The NomVallex I. lexicon describes valency of Czech deverbal nouns belonging to three semantic classes, i.e. Communication (dotaz 'question'), Mental Action (plán 'plan') and Psych State (nenávist 'hatred'). It covers both stem-nominals and root-nominals (dotazování se 'asking' and dotaz 'question'). In total, the lexicon includes 505 lexical units in 248 lexemes. Valency properties are captured in the form of valency frames, specifying valency slots and their morphemic forms, and are exemplified by corpus examples.
In order to facilitate comparison, this submission also contains abbreviated entries of the source verbs of these nouns from the Vallex lexicon and simplified entries of the covered nouns from the PDT-Vallex lexicon.
This package comprises eight models of Czech word embeddings trained by applying word2vec (Mikolov et al. 2013) to the currently most extensive corpus of Czech, namely SYN v9 (Křen et al. 2022). The minimum frequency threshold for including a word in the model was 10 occurrences in the corpus. The original lemmatisation and tagging included in the corpus were used for disambiguation. In the case of word embeddings of word forms, units comprise word forms and their tag from a positional tagset (cf. https://wiki.korpus.cz/doku.php/en:pojmy:tag) separated by '>', e.g., kočka>NNFS1-----A----.
The published package provides models trained on both tokens and lemmas. In addition, the models combine training algorithms (CBOW and Skipgram) and dimensions of the resulting vectors (100 or 500), while the training window and negative sampling remained the same during the training. The package also includes files with frequencies of word forms (vocab-frequencies.forms) and lemmas (vocab-frequencies.lemmas).
The valency lexicon PDT-Vallex 4.0 has been built in close connection with the annotation of the Prague Dependency Treebank project (PDT) and its successors (mainly the Prague Czech-English Dependency Treebank project, PCEDT, the spoken language corpus (PDTSC) and corpus of user-generated texts in the project Faust). It contains over 14500 valency frames for almost 8500 verbs which occurred in the PDT, PCEDT, PDTSC and Faust corpora. In addition, there are nouns, adjectives and adverbs, linked from the PDT part only, increasing the total to over 17000 valency frames for 13000 words. All the corpora have been published in 2020 as the PDT-C 1.0 corpus with the PDT-Vallex 4.0 dictionary included; this is a copy of the dictionary published as a separate item for those not interested in the corpora themselves. It is available in electronically processable format (XML), and also in more human readable form including corpus examples (see the WEBSITE link below, and the links to its main publications elsewhere in this metadata). The main feature of the lexicon is its linking to the annotated corpora - each occurrence of each verb is linked to the appropriate valency frame with additional (generalized) information about its usage and surface morphosyntactic form alternatives. It replaces the previously published unversioned edition of PDT-Vallex from 2014.
The item contains a list of 2,058 noun/verb conversion pairs along with related formations (word-formation paradigms) provided with linguistic features, including semantic categories that characterize semantic relations between the noun and the verb in each conversion pair. Semantic categories were assigned manually by two human annotators based on a set of sentences containing the noun and the verb from individual conversion pairs. In addition to the list of paradigms, the item contains a set of 739 files (a separate file for each conversion pair) annotated by the annotators in parallel and a set of 2,058 files containing the final annotation, which is included in the list of paradigms.
The SynSemClass synonym verb lexicon is a result of a project investigating semantic ‘equivalence’ of verb senses and their valency behavior in parallel Czech-English language resources, i.e., relating verb meanings with respect to contextually-based verb synonymy. The lexicon entries are linked to PDT-Vallex (http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-097C-0000-0023-4338-F), EngVallex (http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-097C-0000-0023-4337-2), CzEngVallex (http://hdl.handle.net/11234/1-1512), FrameNet (https://framenet.icsi.berkeley.edu/fndrupal/), VerbNet (http://verbs.colorado.edu/verbnet/index.html), PropBank (http://verbs.colorado.edu/%7Empalmer/projects/ace.html), Ontonotes (http://verbs.colorado.edu/html_groupings/), and English Wordnet (https://wordnet.princeton.edu/). Part of the dataset are files reflecting interannotator agreement.
Ministerstvo školství, mládeže a tělovýchovy České republiky@@LM2018101@@LINDAT/CLARIAH-CZ: Digitální výzkumná infrastruktura pro jazykové technologie, umění a humanitní vědy@@nationalFunds@@✖[remove]21