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Start Over Coverage 1-12 Rights http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

12. Reproductive biology of pioneer round gobies (Neogobius melanostomus Pallas, 1814) at the edge of their invasion front in three small rivers (Lower Danube Basin, Bulgaria)

Creator:
Dashinov, Dimitriy D. and Uzunova, Eliza P.
Format:
počítač and online zdroj
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
fecundity, size of maturity, sex ratio, GSI, and invasive Gobiidae
Language:
English
Description:
Reproductive traits are among the most important biological characteristics that facilitate or impede the establishment of non-native fish into new environments. In several tributaries of the Lower River Danube (Bulgaria), the round goby (Neogobius melanostomus Pallas, 1814) is a recent invader. Specimens from the edge of the invasion front were collected monthly (March 2017 to May 2018) from each river. The pioneer individuals displayed relatively small body sizes. First maturation of females occurs at 49 mm total length. Based on the dynamics of oocyte size and GSI, it was established that spawning begins in early spring, at a relatively low water temperature (6-7 °C). The breeding season extended from March to June. Average absolute fecundity was 162 ± 62 oocytes, while average relative fecundity was 94 oocytes/g ± 24. Female fecundity is linearly dependent on the length and weight. Both of the known male alternative reproductive tactics were observed. Body condition factor was lowest during April for both sexes. The relationship between reproductive traits and invasive potential in N. melanostomus is discussed.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

13. Sebehodnocení a rysy osobnosti u výchovných pracovníků dětských táborů

Creator:
Necpalová, Kateřina, Česák, Petr, Millová, Katarína, and Stránská, Zdenka
Format:
počítač and online zdroj
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
sebehodnocení, rysy osobnosti, výchovný pracovník, táborový vedoucí, self-esteem, personality traits, educator, and camp leader
Language:
Czech
Description:
Lidé s vyšší mírou sebehodnocení vykazují nízkou míru neuroticismu a vysokou míru přívětivosti, svědomitosti, extraverze a otevřenosti vůči zkušenosti, což by mohly být ideální předpoklady pro pozici výchovného pracovníka na dětském táboře. Cílem práce bylo zjistit, zda existuje rozdíl v sebehodnocení a rysech osobnosti u výchovných pracovníků a běžnou populací. Výzkumu se dobrovolně účastnilo 1153 respondentů (18 – 40 let), z toho 563 výchovných pracovníků a 590 respondentů z běžné populace. Data byla získávána pomocí online dotazníku, který se skládal z demografických otázek, RSES a BFI – 44. K analýze výsledků jsme využili deskriptivní statistiku a T–test pro nezávislé výběry. Výchovní pracovníci vykazují vyšší hodnotu sebehodnocení, a všech faktorů kromě neuroticismu, zde byly hodnoty nižší. Vedoucími se častěji stávají bývalí účastníci dětských táborů. Výsledky lze uplatnit při výběru vhodných vedoucích na pozice výchovných pracovníků. and People with a higher level of self-esteem show a low level of neuroticism and a high level of friendliness, conscientiousness, extraversion, and openness to experience, which could be ideal preconditions for the position of an educator at a children's camp. This work aims to find out whether there is a difference in self-esteem and personality traits between educators and the general population. 1,153 respondents (18–40 years) participated in this research, where 563 were educators and 590 were respondents from the general population. Data were obtained using an online questionnaire, which consisted of demographic questions, RSES and BFI-44. Data were analyzed by basic descriptive statistics and T-test for independent selections. Educators show a higher value of self-esteem and of all other factors except for neuroticism, where lower values were recorded. Former participants in children's camps became educators more often. The results can be applied in the selection of suitable leaders for the positions of educators.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

14. Utilization of cultivated fruits by Japanese martens and red foxes in a snowy environment: a comparison of feeding habits between rural and forest landscapes

Creator:
Nakane, Asumi, Enomoto, Takaaki, and Saito, Masayuki U.
Format:
počítač and online zdroj
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
carnivores, cool-temperate zone, diet, feeding ecology, wildlife management, and winter ecology
Language:
English
Description:
Cultivated fruits can serve as an important winter food resource for medium-sized carnivores in rural areas that experience heavy snowfall. However, studies on the food analysis of medium-sized carnivores in heavy snowfall areas, particularly on the use of cultivated fruits, are limited. We evaluated the use of cultivated fruits by medium-sized carnivores during winter in a heavy snowfall area by comparing their feeding habits in rural and forest landscapes. We conducted faecal analysis of Japanese martens (Martes melampus) and red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in rural and forest landscapes in north-eastern Japan during periods of snow cover. Based on a faecal analysis in the rural landscape, both Japanese martens and red foxes consumed mammals, birds, fruits, and other plant material. In the forest landscape, mammals and insects were consumed by Japanese martens and mammals, fruits, and other plant material were consumed by red foxes. Our results showed that cultivated fruits, such as persimmons and apples, were a major food source in snowy environments, suggesting a wider range of available resources and overlapping feeding habits. It has been suggested that red foxes in forest landscapes move long distances (several kilometres) to consume cultivated fruits. This study suggests that cultivated fruits may also indirectly feed wildlife, even in areas with heavy snowfall.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

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