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Start Over Creator Kolínská, J.

2. Development of gastrointestinal functions

Creator:
Koldovský, O., Dobiášová, M., Hahn, P., Kolínská, J., Kraml, J., and Pácha, J.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
pancreatic amylase, sucrase-isomaltase, maltase-glucoamylase, lactase-phlorizinhydrolase, sialylation of brush border enzymes, glucose transport, pancreatic and small intestinal lipases, esterification capacity, absorption of triglycerides, formation of phospholipids, carnitine absorption, metabolism of the developing small intestine, colonic sodium transport, human fetal studies, adrenal cortex and thyroid gland hormones, "specialization" of intestinal segments, and enterocyte migration
Language:
English
Description:
Data are summarized about digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins during mammalian perinatal development including human fetuses. Corresponding with the high fat intake in suckling rats, absorption of triglycerides was found to be approximately 2-3 times higher in suckling than in adult rats. Carnitine contents of the small intestinal mucosa of rats decrease postnatally, reaching adult levels at the time of weaning. Other studies suggested that gluconeogenesis may occur in the small intestine in the neonatal period. The intestinal mucosa of infant rats produces ketones; it was suggested that ketone production is to a large extent due to a breakdown of long-chain fatty acids. Studies dealing with the development of colonic sodium transport in rats are described. Other studies on the developing colon showed that the proximal colon resembles ileum during the early postnatal period. Developmental changes of the "specialization" of intestinal segments are reviewed. In all studies attention is given to the maturative effects of hormones of the adrenal cortex and thyroid gland (88 references).
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

3. Differences in enterocyte brush border enzyme activities in ageing rats reared in germ-free and conventional conditions

Creator:
Kozáková, H., Štěpánková, R., Řeháková, Z., and Kolínská, J.
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
enterocytes, lactase, sucrase, glucoamylase, and dipeptidyl peptidase IV
Language:
English
Description:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of disaccharidase and dipeptidyl peptidase IV activities in rat jejunal enterocytes under the influence of long-term germ-free conditions. We found that the brush-border lactase and dipeptidyl peptidase IV activities were two to three times higher in 2-month-old germ-free rats in comparison with their conventional counterparts. The highest effect of germ-free condition was observed on lactase activity in 6-month-old and dipeptidyl peptidase IV in 2-month-old rats. No difference between germ-free and conventional rats in sucrase and glucoamylase activities was found in 2-month-old rats. The difference develops with increasing age, sucrase activity becoming significantly higher in 6- and 12-month-old rats and glucoamylase in 12-month-old germ-free rats.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public