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1091. Morphology and contractility of cardiac myocytes in early stages of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in rats

Creator:
Cagalinec, M., Waczulíková, I., Oľga Uličná, and Dušan Chorvát
Format:
print
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, diabetes mellitus, left ventricular myocyte, myocyte volume, contractility, calcium transient, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
M. Cagalinec ... [et al.]. and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1092. Motion artefact in voltage-sensitive fluorescent dye emission during repeated ischemia of isolated heart

Creator:
Janoušek, O., Jana Kolářová, Ronzhina, M., Marie Nováková, and Ivo Provazník
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, motion artefact, ischemia, isolated rabbit heart, voltage-sensitive dye, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Motion artefact (MA) in voltage-sensitive fluorescent signals causes significant debasement of action potential. During ischemia and reperfusion in isolated rabbit heart, this artefact develops in a manner which may be described by the time of its onset, level, and shape. The MA during ischemia: (a) may become substantial with approximately two minutes delay after establishing global ischemia; (b) may be almost twice as high as the physiological action potential and decreases both with time and repetition of ischemia; (c) the MA shape is unpredictable and depends on individual rabbit., O. Janoušek, ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1093. Motor and behavioral changes in mice with cisplatin-induced acute renal failure

Creator:
Ali, B. H., Ramkumar, A., Madanagopal, T. T., Waly, M. I., Tageldin, M., Al-Abri, S., Fahim, M., Yasin, J., and Nemmar, A.
Format:
print
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, cisplatina, akutní selhání ledvin, myši, cisplatin, acute renal failure, mice, behavior, motor activity, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
We have previously shown that chronic renal failure in rats induces changes in motor activity and behavior. Similar work on the possible effects of acute renal failure (ARF) induced by cisplatin (CP) is lacking. This is the subject matter of the current work. CP was injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) at a single dose of 20 mg/kg to induce a state of ARF, and three days later, its effects on motor activity, thermal and chemical noci ceptive tests, neuromuscular coordination, pentobarbitone-sleeping time, exploration activity and tw o depression models were investigated. The platinum concentration in the kidneys and brains of mice was also measured. The occurrence of CP-induced ARF was ascertained by standard physiological, biochemical and histo-pathological methods. CP induced all the classical biochemical, physiological and histopathological signs of ARF. The average renal platinum concen tration of CP-treated mice was 5.16 ppm, but there was no measurable concentration of platinum in the whole brains. CP treatment significantly decreased motor and exploration activities, and increased immobility time in depression models, suggesting a possible depression-like state. There was also a significant decrease in neuromuscular coordination in CP-treated mice. CP, given at a nephrotoxic dose, induced several adverse motor and behavioral alterations in mice. Further behavioral tests and molecular and biochemical investigations in the brains of mice with CP-induced ARF are warranted., B. H. Ali ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1094. Multi-time scale perspective in analyzing cardiovascular data

Creator:
Lackner, H. K., Batzel, J. J., Rössler, A., Helmut Hinghofer-Szalkay, and Ivo Papoušek
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, stres (fyziologie), stress (physiology), cardiovascular reactivity, transient response, cognitive challenge, social observation, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Cardiovascular dynamic and variability data are commonly used in experimental protocols involving cognitive challenge. Usually, the analysis is based on a sometimes more and sometimes less well motivated single specific time resolution ranging from a few seconds to several minutes. The present paper aimed at investigating in detail the impact of different time resolutions of the cardiovascular data on the interpretation of effects. We compared three template tasks involving varying types of challenge, in order to provide a case study of specific effects and combinations of effects over different time frames and using different time resolutions. Averaged values of hemodynamic variables across an entire protocol confirmed typical findings regarding the effects of mental challenge and social observation. However, the hemodynamic response also incorporates transient variations in variables reflecting important features of the control system response. The fine-grained analysis of the transient behavior of hemodynamic variables demonstrates that information that is important for interpreting effects may be lost when only average values over the entire protocol are used as a representative of the system response. The study provides useful indications of how cardiovascular measures may be fruitfully used in experiments involving cognitive demands, allowing inferences on the physiological processes underlying the responses., H. K. Lackner, J. J. Batzel, A. Rössler, H. Hinghofer-Szalkay, I. Papousek., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1095. Multinuclear NMR Studies of an Actively Dividing Artificial Tumor

Creator:
Shankland, E. G., Livesey, J. C., Wiseman, R. W., and Krohn, K. A.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, studie, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, A549, Phophorous, NMR, Cell culture, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Growth of the A549 cell line in a perfusion system suitable for use in a magnetic resonance study has been characterized and shown to be stable physiologically and hence appropriate for serial observations. Several methods of monitoring cell growth were compared to assess the behavior of the cells in this system. Comparison between NMR metabolite data and cell growth via cell counting showed that 31P NMR signals accurately reported cell doubling time. In contrast to most NMR cell culture systems, viable cells can be recovered from the perfusion system after the NMR measurements for further biochemical studies. These data further suggest that this system will be useful for studying the physiology and biochemistry of exponentially growing cells for at least two days in NMR tube culture., E. G. Shankland, J. C. Livesey, R. W. Wiseman, K. A. Krohn., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1097. Myocardial gap junctions: targets for novel approaches in the prevention of life-threatening cardiac arrhytmias

Creator:
Narcisa Tribulová, Knezl, V., Ľudmila Okruhlicová, and Ján Slezák
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, kardiovaskulární fyziologie, fibrilace srdce, terapeutické aspekty, cardiovascular physiology, heart fibrillation, therapeutic aspects, atrial and ventricular fibrilation, gap junction, connexin channel, therapeutic targets, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Direct cell-to-cell communication in the heart is maintained via gap junction channels composed of proteins termed connexins. Connexin channels ensure molecular and electrical signals propagation and hence are crucial in myocardial synchronization and heart function. Disease-induced gap junctions remodeling and/or an impairment or even block of intercellular communication due to acute pathological conditions results in derangements of myocardial conduction and synchronization. This is critical in the development of both ventricular fibrillation, which is a major cause of sudden cardiac death and persistent atrial fibrillation, most common arrhythmia in clinical practice often resulting in stroke. Many studies suggest that alterations in topology (remodeling), expression, phosphorylation and particularly function of connexin channels due to age or disease are implicated in the development of these life-threatening arrhythmias. It seems therefore challenging to examine whether compounds that could prevent or attenuate gap junctions remodeling and connex in channels dysfunction can protect the heart against arrhythmias that cause sudden death in humans. This assumption is supported by very recent findings showing that an increase of gap junctional conductance by specific peptides can prevents atrial conduction slowing or re-entrant ventricular tachycardia in ischemic heart. Suppression of ischemia-induced dephosphorylation of connexin seems to be one of the mechanisms involved. Another approach for identifying novel treatments is based on the hypothesis that even non-antiarrhythmic drugs with antiarrhythmic ability can modulate gap junctional communication and hence attenuate arrhythmogenic substrates., N. Tribulová, V. Knezl, Ľ. Okruhlicová, J. Slezák., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1098. Myocardial phospholipid remodeling under different types of load imposed during early postnatal development

Creator:
František Novák, František Kolář, Blanka Hamplová, Mrnka, L., Václav Pelouch, Bohuslav Ošťádal, and Olga Nováková
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, myokard, poporodní péče, physiology, myocardium, postnatal care, phospholipids, cardiolipin, pressure overload, chronic hypoxia, thyroid status, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Normal increase in hemodynamic load during early postnatal life is associated with heart growth and maturation of membrane structures that is accompanied by remodeling of membrane protein and lipid components. This review describes remodeling of phospholipids (PL) in rat myocardium during normal postnatal development and during accelerated cardiac growth induced by additional workload (aorta constriction, chronic hypoxia and hyperthyroidism) imposed on the heart early after birth. Normal physiological load after birth stimulates the development of membrane structures and synthesis of PL. While hyperthyroidism accelerates these processes, pressure overload has an inhibitory effect. These changes primarily influence the maturation of mitochondrial membranes as cardiolipin is one of the most affected PL species. The most sensitive part of PL structure in their remodeling process are PL acyl chains, particularly polyunsaturated fatty acids that are the key components determining the basic physicochemical properties of the membrane bilayer and thus the function of membrane-bound proteins and membrane-derived signaling lipid molecules. It is evident that PL remodeling may significantly influence both normal and pathological postnatal development of myocardium., F. Novák ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1099. Myofibrillar Creatine Kinase Activity Inferred from a 3D Model

Creator:
Jiří Mejsnar, Sopko, B., and Gergor, M.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, studie, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, Muscle, Energetics, Myofibrillar creatine kinase, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Myofibrillar creatine kinase (CK) that buffers ATP during fluctuating muscle energy metabolism has been selected for studies of conformational changes underlying the cellular control of enzyme activity. The force field was computed for three energetic states, namely for the substrate-free CK molecule, for the molecule conjugated with the MgATP complex, and for the molecule conjugated with the pair of reactants MgATP-creatine. Without its substrates, the enzyme molecule assumes an inactive "open" form. Upon binding of the MgATP complex, the CK molecule takes up a reactive "closed" conformation. Subsequent binding of creatine yields a nonreactive "intermediary" conformation. Acid-base catalysis is considered to be the basic principle for the reversible transfer of the phosphoryl group between the substrates. The results indicate that the substrate-induced energy minimizing conformational changes do not represent a sufficient condition for CK activity and that some other essential component of physiological control at the cellular level is involved in the transition from the intermediary to the closed structure of the molecule., J. A. Mejsnar, B. Sopko, M. Gergor., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1100. N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide based cryogels - synthesis and biomimetic modification for stem cell applications

Creator:
Golunova, A., Jaroš, J., Jurtíková, V., Kotelnikov, I., Kotek, J., Hlídková, H., Libor Streit, Aleš Hampl, František Rypáček, and Proks, V.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, hydrogely, kmenové buňky, popraviště, hydrogels, stem cells, scaffolds, cryogels, mechanical properties, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
The design of favorable mechanical properties and suitable surface modifications of hydrogels in order to stimulate specific cell response is a great challenge. N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacryl-amide (HPMA) was utilized to form macroporous cryogel scaffolds for stem cell applications. Furthermore, one group of scaffolds was enhanced by copolymerization of HPMA with methacryoyl-GGGRGDS-OH peptide in an effort to integrate biomimetic adhesion sites. The cryogels were characterized by stiffness and equilibrium swelling measurements as well as by scanning electron microscopy. Cell culture experiments were performed with human adipose-derived stem cells and substrates were found completely non-toxic. Moreover, RGDS-enriched cryogels supported cell attachment, spreading and proliferation, so they can be considered suitable for designed aims., A. Golunova, J. Jaroš, V. Jurtíková, I. Kotelnikov, J. Kotek, H. Hlídková, L. Streit, A. Hampl, F. Rypáček, V. Proks., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public