Ačkoli bylo světélkování u hub doloženo již ve starověku, intenzivnějšího vědeckého studia se tomuto jevu dostává teprve v posledních letech. Článek shrnuje naše dosavadní poznání bioluminiscence u hub z hlediska evolučního, ekologického i fyziologického. Jeho součástí jsou i fotografie dvou tropických druhů se světélkujícími plodnicemi - Mycena chlorophos a Filoboletus manipularis., Bioluminescence in fungi was first observed in the Archaic period or earlier, but it has only recently been studied scientifically. This paper sums up our knowledge on this phenomenon from evolutionary, ecological, and physiological points of view. Included are photos of two tropical species with luminescent fruiting bodies - Mycena chlorophos and Filoboletus manipularis., and Michal Sochor, Zuzana Egertová.
The goal of the research is to investigate the special effect of ovarian-menstrual cycle phases on the level of women’s blood pressure and characteristics of Mayer waves. 77 women aged 18-19 were tested under condition close to the state of basal metabolism in follicular phase (I), ovulation (II) and luteal phase (III) of ovarian-menstrual cycle. In phases II and III, the increase of mean and diastolic blood pressure level, in comparison with phase I in the prone position at rest and with psycho-emotional loading, were observed. The distinctions between variation parameters of R-R interval duration, stroke volume and its synchronization in phases II and III, in comparison with phase I, were observed in the prone position at rest, during tilt-test and with psycho-emotional loading. The substantial level of relationship between the power of Mayer waves and mean and diastolic blood pressure, mainly in phase I under conditions of all types, is observed. The maximum peak amplitude of stroke volume spectrogram is associated with pressure levels in the range of 0.04-0.15 Hz (ρ from -0.33 to -0.64). The obtained results indicate the possible participation of spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity characteristics in keeping blood pressure level in women., O. I. Lutsenko, S. O. Kovalenko., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Příspěvek Jany Vozkové je zprávou ze zasedání České národní skupiny IAML, které se uskutečnilo v Českých Budějovicích ve dnech 19. až 20. září., Jana Vozková., Rubrika: Konference, and Cizojazyčné resumé není.
The peak bone mass and the rate of bone loss are in part genetically determined. It has been suggested that bone mineral density (BMD) may be related to allelic variation in the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene locus. ApoE is important in the receptor-mediated clearance of chylomicron particles from the plasma, Apo E4 having the highest and Apo E2 the lowest receptor affinity. Chylomicrons are the main carrier of vitamin K in the plasma; vitamin K plays an important role in the carboxylation of osteocalcin. We have tested the hypothesis that persons with E4 variant would have lower BMD and increased bone turnover than those with E2 variant. A total of 18 ApoE 2/2 and ApoE 4/4 homozygotes were selected from 873 patients who were examined for the ApoE genotype. BMD in lumbar vertebral, femoral neck and distal forearm was measured and plasma concentrations of osteocalcin and C-terminal fragments of collagen (CTx) were determined. BMD values (expressed as T-score) at the three specified sites were -0.12± 1.72, -0.52± 1.32 and -0.52± 0.81 in ApoE 2/2 group and -0.24± 1.22, 0.00± 0.84 and -0.17± 1.07 in the ApoE 4/4 group. Plasma osteocalcin and CTx were within normal limits in both groups. In conclusion, we did not observe any association of ApoE genotype with BMD and biochemical markers of bone metabolism in ApoE 2/2 and ApoE 4/4 homozygotes., T. Štulc, R. Češka, A. Hořínek, J. Štěpán., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Vědecký poradní výbor evropských akademií (European Academies Science Advisory Council - EASAC) sdružuje akademie věd členských zemí EU, Norska a Švýcarska. Záměrem EASAC je připravovat evropským politikům nezávislá vědecká stanoviska a doporučení - každoročně vydává několik souhrnných zpráv nejen pro politiky, ale i laickou veřejnost., Oceans and seas play a crucial role in regulating our climate, nurturing biodiversity, and providing income and food to people around the world. At COP21, governments across the globe agreed that a more aggressive limit for global warming should be set as an essential step toward a more stable relationship between the ocean and climate. In spite of this positive direction, however, marine sustainability faces many challenges, according to a new report issued by the European Academies of Science Advisory Council (EASAC) and the European Commission's Joint Research Centre., and Ondřej Prášil.