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84. Brandt iH026a plant growth regulator

Creator:
Nonomura, A. M., Pedersen, A., Brummel, D. P., Loveless, L., Lauria, A., Haschemeyer, B., and McBride, M. S.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
zemědělství, regulátory růstu rostlin, dýchání, agriculture, plant growth regulators, respiration, glycoside, Govindjee, photosynthate, Z-scheme, 2, and 581
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
iH026a is a formulation containing a biochemical class of plant growth regulator that modulates glycoconjugation through the plant lectin cycle. While lectins are common to vascular plants, we observed, consistent with reversible binding of sugars from lectins, enhancements of quantities and qualities of various features, including significant enrichment of Brix soluble sugars compared to controls in cherry, grape, and melon in trials conducted in Arizona and California, USA., A. M. Nonomura, A. Pedersen, D. P. Brummel, L. Loveless, A. Lauria, B. Haschemeyer, M. S. McBride, and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

85. Brassinosteroids mitigate cadmium toxicity in cowpea plants

Creator:
Santos, L. R., Batista, B. L., and Lobato, A. K. S.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
kadmium, chlorofyl, cadmium, chlorophyll, rychlost čisté fotosyntézy, vigna čínská, brassinosteroidy, net photosynthetic rate, quantum yield of photosystem II, Vigna unguiculata, brassinosteroids, 2, and 581
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
Anthropogenic activities and improper uses of phosphate fertilizers have led to an increase in cadmium concentrations in agricultural soils. Brassinosteroids are steroid hormones that are rapidly assimilated and metabolised with beneficial roles in physiological and biochemical processes in plants. Our aim was to ascertain whether exogenous treatment with 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) can mitigate the Cd toxicity, and whether this substance can reduce the Cd accumulation in plant tissues. Furthermore, the dose response to EBR was determined following exposure to Cd in Vigna unguiculata. The experiment was a completely randomised factorial design with two concentrations of Cd (0 and 500 μM) and three concentrations of EBR (0, 50, and 100 nM). Spraying plants exposed to Cd with EBR significantly reduced the concentrations of Cd and increased nutrient contents in all tissues. The EBR treatment caused significant enhancements in leaf, root, and total dry matter. Foliar application of EBR reduced the negative effects of Cd toxicity on chlorophyll fluorescence and gas exchange parameters. Pretreatment with EBR also increased contents of pigments in plants exposed to Cd, compared with the identical treatments without EBR. Cd elevated contents of oxidant compounds, inducing cell damages, while EBR significantly decreased the concentrations of these compounds. We confirmed that EBR mitigated the negative effects related to Cd toxicity, reduced the absorption and transport of Cd, and increased the contents of essential elements. In plants exposed to Cd, the most apparent dose response was found for 100 nM EBR, with beneficial repercussions on growth, gas exchange, primary photosynthetic processes, and photosynthetic pigments, which were intrinsically connected to lower production of oxidant compounds and cell damage., L. R. Santos, B. L. Batista, A. K. S. Lobato., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

86. Brno nejen zlatá, ale i zelená loď

Creator:
Jan Krekule
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Biologické vědy, Česká společnost experimentální biologie rostlin, European Society in Agricultural Research., konference, (44. : 2015 : Brno, Česko), Konference experimentální biologie rostlin 14. : 2015 : Brno, Česko), rostlinná biotechnologie, experimentální biologie, plant biotechnology, experimental biology, rostlinní biologové, rostlinná biologie, plant biology, plant biologists, 2, and 57/59
Language:
Czech
Description:
Jan Krekule.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

87. Buňky s velkým potenciálem. 1. Historie indukované pluripotence a metody přípravy iPS buněk

Creator:
Vodičková Kepková, Kateřina, Petr Vodička, and Jan Motlík
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Biologické vědy, buňky, cells, 2, and 57/59
Language:
Czech
Description:
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) are undifferentiated cells capable of unlimited self-renewal. By introducing specific transcription factors, any somatic (fully differentiated) cell of the mammalian body can be changed (reprogrammed) into iPSC. The iPSCs are very similar to embryonic stem cells in their molecular and functional properties. By using specific factors, iPSCs can be differentiated into each of the about 200 cell types in the human body. The big advantage of iPSCs is the availability of somatic cells (isolation from blood or skin biopsy). Creation of "tailor made" iPSCs for each patient would allow transplantation of own cells and avoid problems with finding an immunologically compatible donor. and Kateřina Vodičková Kepková, Petr Vodička, Jan Motlík.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

88. Cadmium is acutely toxic for murine hepatocytes: effects on intracellular free Ca2+ homeostasis

Creator:
Wang, S. S., Chen, L., and Xia, S. K.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Biochemie. Molekulární biologie. Biofyzika, biochemie, toxicita, kadmium, jaterní buňky, homeostáza, biochemistry, toxicity, cadmium, liver cells, homeostasis, kalciový iont, calcium ion, 2, and 577
Language:
English
Description:
We studied cadmium toxicity in murine hepatocytes in vitro. Cadmium effects on intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) were assayed, using a laser scanning confocal microscope with a fluorescent probe, Fluo-3/AM. The results showed that administration of cadmium chloride (CdCl2, 5, 10, 25 μM) resulted in a dose-dependent decrease of hepatocyte viability and an elevated aspartate aminotransfe rase (AST) activity in the culture medium (p<0.05 for 25 μM CdCl2 vs. control). Significant increases of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities in 10 and 25 μM CdCl2-exposed groups were observed (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively). A greatly decreased albumin content and a more malondialdehyde (MDA) formation also occurred after CdCl2 treatment. The Ca2+ concentrations in the culture medium of CdCl2-exposed hepatocytes were significantly decreased, while [Ca2+]i appeared to be significantly elevated (p<0.05 or p<0.01 vs. control). We found that in Ca2+-containing hydroxyethyl piperazine ethanesulfonic acid-buffered salt solution (HBSS) only, CdCl2 elicited [Ca2+]i increases, which comprised an initially slow ascent and a strong elevated phase. However, in Ca2+-containing HBSS with addition of 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borane (2-APB), CdCl2 caused a mild [Ca 2+] i elevation in the absence of an initial rise phase. Removal of extracellular Ca2+ showed that CdCl2 induced an initially slow [Ca2+]i rise alone without being followed by a markedly elevated phase, but in a Ca2+-free HBSS with addition of 2-APB, CdCl2 failed to elicit the [Ca2+]i elevation. These results suggest that abnormal Ca2+ homeostasis due to cadmium may be an important mechanism of the development of the toxic effect in murine hepatocytes. [Ca2+]i elevation in acutely cadmium-exposed hepatocytes is closely related to the extracellular Ca2+ entry and an excessive release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores., S. S. Wang, L. Chen, S. K. Xia., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

89. Cadmium stress in Dongying wild soybean seedlings: growth, Cd accumulation, and photosynthesis

Creator:
Liu, L., Shang, Y. K., Li, L., Chen, Y. H., Qin, Z. Z., Zhou, L. J., Yuan, M., Ding, C. B., Liu, J., Huang, Y., Yang, R. W., Zhou, Y. H., and Liao, J. Q.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
pigmenty, pigments, atomic absorption spectrophotometry, Glycine soja, growth analysis, 2, and 581
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
In order to understand better Cd resistance in soybean, Dongying wild soybean treated with different Cd concentrations were evaluated. The biomass, chlorophyll (Chl) content, leaf color, Chl a fluorescence parameters, photosynthesis parameters, and Cd contents were determined. Our results showed that when Cd concentration was ≤ 2 kg m-3, no significant decrease in biomass, photosynthetic parameters, and maximal photochemical efficiency of PSII was observed. This indicated that Dongying wild soybean resisted Cd toxic effects under such conditions. In addition, atomic absorption experiment results demonstrated that when Cd concentration was ≤ 0.5 kg m-3, the accumulation of Cd in wild soybean was lower in roots than that in shoots, while the accumulation of Cd was higher in roots than that in shoots when Cd concentration was ≥ 1 kg m-3. Therefore, Dongying wild soybean showed a certain resistance to Cd and could serve as a valuable germplasm resource for improving the breeding of Cd-resistant soybean., L. Liu, Y. K. Shang, L. Li, Y. H. Chen, Z. Z. Qin, L. J. Zhou, M. Yuan, C. B. Ding, J. Liu, Y. Huang, R. W. Yang, Y. H. Zhou, J. Q. Liao., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

90. Carbonic anhydrase - a universal enzyme of the carbon-based life

Creator:
Kupriyanova, E., Pronina, N., and Los, D.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
aktivní místo, metabolismus uhlíku, konvergentní evoluce, rozložení, funkční role, inhibitory, aktivátory, koncentrace anorganického uhlíku, active site, carbon metabolism, convergent evolution, distribution, functional role, inhibitors, activators, 2, and 581
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is a metalloenzyme that performs interconversion between CO2 and the bicarbonate ion (HCO3-). CAs appear among all taxonomic groups of three domains of life. Wide spreading of CAs in nature is explained by the fact that carbon, which is the major constituent of the enzyme’s substrates, is a key element of life on the Earth. Despite the diversity of CAs, they all carry out the same reaction of CO2/HCO3- interconversion. Thus, CA obviously represents a universal enzyme of the carbon-based life. Within the classification of CAs, here we proposed the existence of an extensive family of CA-related proteins (γCA-RPs) - the inactive forms of γ-CAs, which are widespread among the Archaea, Bacteria, and, to a lesser extent, in Eukarya. This review focuses on the history of CAs discovery and integrates the most recent data on their classification, catalytic mechanisms, and physiological roles at various organisms., E. Kupriyanova, N. Pronina, D. Los., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

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