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Start Over Subject 612 Subject fyziologie Harvested from CDK Date Unknown

263. Professor Schreiber: a pioneer in TRH research

Creator:
Martin Haluzík and Štěpán Svačina
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, zprávy, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, Schreiber, Vratislav, 1924-2015, 20.-21. století, vědci, lékaři, endokrinologie, fyziologie, scientists, endocrinology, physiology, Česko, Czechia, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Martin Haluzík, Štěpán Svačina. and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

264. Prophylactic inhalation of L-alanyl-L-glutamine enhances heat shock protein 72 and attenuates endotoxin-induced lung injury in rats

Creator:
Chuang, I.-C., Huang, M.-S., Huang, L.-J., Chou, S.-H., Tsai, T.-N., Chen, Y.-C., and Yang, R.-C.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, physiology, glutamine, heat shock protein 72, acute lung injury, aerosol therapy, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Studies have demonstrated that heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) plays an important role in the protection of stressed organisms. The development of strategies for enhancing HSPs expression may provide novel means of minimizing inflammatory lung conditions, such as acute lung injury. This study aimed to examine the effect of L-alanyl-L-glutamine (GLN) inhalation in enhancing pulmonary HSP72 (inducible HSP70) expression and attenuating lung damage in a model of acute lung injury induced by Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inhalation. The experimental rats were randomly assigned to one of four experimental groups: (1) NS: saline inhalation; (2) NS-LPS: pretreatment by saline inhalation 12 h before LPS inhalation; (3) GLN: glutamine inhalation; (4) GLN-LPS: pretreatment by glutamine inhalation 12 h before LPS inhalation. The results show that GLN compared with saline administration, led to significant increase in lung HSP72 both in non LPS-treated rats and LPS-treated rats. In LPStreated rats, pretreatment by GLN inhalation produced less lung injury as evidenced by the decrease in lung injury score and dramatic decrease in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and polymorphonuclear leukocyte cell differentiation counts (PMN %) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The study indicates that prophylactic glutamine inhalation associated with the enhancement of HSP72 synthesis attenuates tissue damage in experimental lung injury., I.-C. Chuang, M.-S. Huang, L.-J. Huang, S.-H. Chou, T.-N. Tsai, Y.-C. Chen, R.-C. Yang., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

265. Protection against ischemia-induced ventricular arrhythmias and myocardial dysfunction conferred by preconditioning in the rat heart: Involvement of mitochondrial K ATP channels and reactive oxygen species

Creator:
Jana Matejíková, Jarmila Kucharská, Mária Pintérová, Dezider Pancza, and Ravingerová, T.
Format:
print
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, srdeční arytmie, ischemická choroba srdeční, physiology, cardiac arrhythmia, ischemic heart disease, preconditioning, mito K ATP channels, rat heart, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
a1_Ischemic preconditioning (I-PC) induced by brief episodes of ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) protects the heart against sustained I/R. Although activation of mitochondrial K ATP channels (mitoK ATP) interacting with reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been proposed as a key event in this process, their role in the antiarrhythmic effect is not clear. This study was designed: 1) to investigate the involvement of mito K ATP opening in the effect of I-PC (1 cycle of I/R, 5 min each) on ventricular arrhythmias during test ischemia (TI, 30-min LAD coronary artery occlusion) in Langendorff-perfused rat hearts and subsequent postischemic contractile dysfunction, and 2) to characterize potential mechanisms of protection confer red by I-PC and pharmacological PC induced by mito K ATP opener diazoxide (DZX), with particular regards to the modulation of ROS generation. Lipid peroxidation (an indicator of increased ROS production) was determined by measurement of myocardial concentration of conjugated dienes (CD) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in non-ischemic controls, non-preconditi oned and preconditioned hearts exposed to TI, I-PC alone, as well as after pretreatment with DZX, mito K ATP blocker 5-hydroxydecanoate (5-HD) and antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC)., a2_Total number of ventricular premature beats (VPB) that occurred in the control hearts (518±71) was significantly (P<0.05) reduced by I-PC (195±40), NAC (290±56) and DZX (168±22). I-PC and NAC suppressed an increase in CD and TBARS caused by ischemia indicating lower production of ROS. On the other hand, I-PC and DZX themselves moderately enhanced ROS generation, prior to TI. Bracketing of I-PC with 5-HD suppressed both, ROS production during PC and its cardioprotective effect. In conclusion, potential mechanisms of protection conferred by mito K ATP opening in the rat heart might involve a temporal increase in ROS production in the preconditioning phase triggering changes in the pro/antioxidant balance in the myocardium and attenuating ROS production during subsequent prolonged ischemia., J. Matejíková ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

266. Quaternary benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids as inhibitors of dipeptidyl peptidase IV-like activity bearing enzymes in human blood plasma and glioma cell lines

Creator:
Aleksi Šedo, Radek Malík, Jaroslav Vičar, Šimánek, V., and Jitka Ulrichová
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, physiology, fagaronine, sanguinarine, chelerythrine, macleya cordata, dipeptidyl peptidase IV, attractin, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Quaternary benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids (QBA), fagaronine (FA), sanguinarine (SA), chelerythrine (CHE) and the QBA extract from Macleya cordata (EX) exerted differential inhibitory effect on the hydrolytic activity of particular dipeptidyl peptidase (DPP)-like enzyme isolated from human blood plasma and from human and rat glioma cell lines. The low-MW form of DPP-IV-like enzyme activity, corresponding most probably to DPP-8, observed only in glioma cells but not in human plasma, was inhibited preferentially by SA, CHE and EX, and only slightly by FA. The alkaloid inhibitory effect was concentration-dependent in the range 25-150 M and directly pH-related. In addition, a subtle but consistent inhibition of the intermediate-MW form of DPP-IV-like enzyme activity, ascribed to DPP-IV/CD26, observed only in human plasma and of the attractin (high-MW form of DPP-IV-like enzyme activity, expressed in U87 glioma cells) by the studied alkaloids was observed. We conclude that some of the QBA biological effects could be determined by tissue and cell type specific dipeptidyl peptidase IV-like molecules expression pattern., A. Šedo, R. Malík, J. Vičar, V. Šimánek, J. Ulrichová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

267. Radiofrequency electromagnetic field affects heart rate variability in rabbits

Creator:
Míšek, Jakub, Veterník, Marcel, Tonhajzerová, Ingrid, Jakušová, Viera, Janousek, Ladislav, and Jakuš, Ján
Format:
počítač and online zdroj
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
mobilní komunikace, králíci, fyziologie, mobile communication, rabbits, physiology, cardiac autonomic regulation, cell phone, radiofrequency electromagnetic exposure, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
The aim of this study was to assess the effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic field (RF EMF) on heart rate variability (HRV) in rabbits with intensity slightly exceeding the limits for occupations. Totally 21 New Zealand white rabbits divided into two groups were used in this double-blind study. The first group of animals without general anesthesia was subjected to HRV examination under exposure to a device generated RF EMF source (frequency 1788 MHz, intensity 160 V/m, lasting 150 min.). The second group (premedications + α chloralose mg/kg) underwent the same protocol under the exposure to the real RF EMF signal from the base stations of mobile providers (frequency range 1805 - 1870 MHz - corresponding to the downlink signal of Slovak mobile providers, 160 V/m, 150 min., respectively). Individual 5-min records were used to analyze the HRV parameters: heart rate and root Mean Square of the Successive Differences (rMSSD) for time domain analysis and spectral powers in the low (LF-VFS) and high frequency (HF-VFS) bands for frequency domain analysis. Our study revealed the increased in HRV parameters (HF-HRV, rMSSD) associated with lower heart rate indicating increased cardiac vagal control under the exposure to RF EMF in experimental methods., Jakub Misek, Marcel Veterník, Ingrid Tonhajzerova, Viera Jakusova, Ladislav Janousek, Jan Jakus., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

268. Rapid but not slow spinal cord compression elicits neurogenic pulmonary edema in the rat

Creator:
Jiří Šedý, Josef Zicha, Jaroslav Kuneš, Pavla Jendelová, and Eva Syková
Format:
print
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, edém, poranění míchy, krevní tlak, pulz (lékařství), krysa obecná, physiology, edema, spinal cord injuries, blood pressure, pulse, Rattus rattus, neurogenic pulmonary edema, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
The development of neurogenic pulmonary edema (NPE) can be elicited by an immediate epidural balloon compression of the thoracic spinal cord. To evaluate whether a slower balloon inflation could prevent NPE development, we examined the extent of NPE in animals lesioned with a rapid (5 μl - 5 μl - 5 μl) or slow rate (3 μl - 2 μl - 2 μl - 2 μl - 2 μl - 2 μl - 2 μl) of balloon inflation. These groups were compared with the NPE model (immediate inflation to 15 μl) and with healthy controls. Slow balloon inflation prevented NPE development, whereas the pulmonary index and histology revealed a massive pulmonary edema in the group with a rapid rate of balloon inflation. Pulmonary edema was preceded by a considerable decrease in heart rate during the inflation procedure. Moreover, rapid inflation of balloon in spinal channel to either 5 μl or 10 μl did not cause NPE. Thus, a slow rate of balloon inflation in the thoracic epidural space prevents the development of neurogenic pulmonary edema, most likely due to the better adaptation of the organism to acute circulatory changes (rapid elevation of systemic blood pressure accompanied by profound heart rate reduction) during the longer balloon inflation period. It should be noted that spinal cord transection at the same level did not cause neurogenic pulmonary edema., J. Šedý ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

269. Rebound bursts in GABAergic neurons of the thalamic reticular nucleus in postnatal mice

Creator:
Wang, X., Yu, G., Hou, X., Zhou, J., Yang, B., and Zhang, L.
Format:
print
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, physiology, thalamic reticular nucleus, rebound burst, postnatal mice, after-hyperpolarization, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Whole cell patch-clamp recordings from GABAergic cells of thalamic reticular nucleus (RTN) in thalamocortical slices made from postnatal day 6 (P6) to 10 (P10) were used to investigate the pattern of rebound bursts (RBs) triggered by an injection of hyperpolarizing current into RTN cells. The number of RBs in the RTN and the overlying Na+/K+ spikes changed in an agedependent manner. The generation of RBs depended largely on the amplitude of the after-hyperpolarizations (AHPs). RB patterns in response to hyperpolarizing current injection into relay cells were markedly different from RB patterns in RTN cells with an after-depolarization. GABAA receptor antagonist bicuculline methiodide (BMI) changed burst firing patterns, increasing the duration of RB and decreasing the amplitude of AHP in RTN cells. Furthermore, local puffs of NMDA in the presence of BMI induced RBs. K+ channel blocker 4-aminopyridine partially mimicked the effect of BMI on AHPs. The shapes of RBs were altered by a selective CaMKII inhibitor KN-62, but not by an inactive analog KN-04., X. Wang ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

270. Red wine polyphenols affect the collagen composition in the aorta after oxidative damage induced by chronic administration of CCl4

Creator:
Hlavačková, L., Pavol Janega, Andrea Černá, Oľga Pecháňová, Ramaroson Andriantsitohaina, and Pavel Babál
Format:
print
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie, červená vína, polyfenoly, kolagen, aorta, tetrachlormethan, physiology, red wine, polyphenols, collagen, carbon tetrachloride, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Increased amount of collagen type I and decreased amount of type III is described in various pathological processes in the vascular wall. Polyphenols were shown to have protective effect on endothelium, decrease blood pressure and prevent oxidative damage induced by various stimuli. Tetrachlormethane (CCl4) is a toxic substance with known negative systemic effects induced by free radicals. Chronic administration of CCl4 for 12 weeks led to an increase of collagen type I and a decrease of type III in the wall of aorta. Parallel administration of red wine polyphenols significantly reduced the increase of collagen type I, at the same time the content of type III rose to the level above controls. After 4 weeks of spontaneous recovery no changes were observed. If polyphenols were administered during the recovery period, there was a decrease of type I and an increase of type III collagen content in the aorta. It can be concluded that polyphenols have a tendency to lower the amount of type I and to increase the proportion of type III collagen in the wall of the aorta. These changes are significant in prevention or in regression of changes induced by chronic oxidative stress. This effect of polyphenols is most likely the result of their influence on MMP-1 and TIMP activities through which they positively influence the collagen types I and III content ratio in the vascular wall in favor of the type III collagen., L. Hlavačková ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public