Autor popisuje krátkou historii katetrizačních technik. Tato historie začala experimenty na zvířatech v 19. století a na počátku 20. století. Skiaskopická kontrola se stala základní metodou při navigaci katétrů a provádění angiografií či měření krevních tlaků. Katétry byly zaváděny nejprve chirurgicky, od roku 1953 perkutánně po zavedení punkční techniky Seldingerem. Během šedesátých let se katétry staly chirurgickým nástrojem tím, že začaly být používány k dilataci tepen Dotterem od roku 1964. Transluminální angioplastika byla zlepšena zavedením vysokotlakých balónkových katétrů Grůntzigem v roce 1974. Embolizace provedená přes katétry k uzávěru arteriovenózního zkratu byla zavedena v roce 1960, k zástavě krvácení od roku 1972 a k selektivnímu uzávěru aneuryzmat od roku 1991., A brief history of catheterisation techniques is described. The history begun with first animal experiments in the 19th century and in beginning of 20th century. Fluoroscopy guidance has become basic method of following catheter navigation and performing angiograms or blood pressure measurements. Catheters were introduced surgically and then percutaneously after developing percutaneous approach by Seldinger in 1953. During 60. catheters became surgical instruments by using them for arterial dilatation by Dotter in 1964. Method of transluminal angioplasty has been improved by introduction of high-pressure balloon catheters by Grůntzig in 1974. Transcatheter embolisation techniques were utilized in occlusion of arteriovenous shunts 1960, in arterial bleeding control since 1972 and for selective occlusion of aneurysms since 1991., Antonín Krajina, and Literatura
AIMS: Our aims were to isolate and cultivate mesenchymal dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) in various media enriched with human blood components, and subsequently to investigate their basic biological properties. METHODS: DPSC were cultivated in five different media based on α MEM containing different concentrations of human plasma (HP), platelet-rich plasma (PRP), or fetal calf serum (FCS). The DPSC biological properties were examined periodically. RESULTS: We cultivated DPSC in the various cultivation media over 15 population doublings except for the medium supplemented with 10% HP. Our results showed that DPSC cultivated in medium supplemented with 10% PRP showed the shortest average population doubling time (DT) (28.6 ± 4.6 hours), in contrast to DPSC cultivated in 10% HP which indicated the longest DT (156.2 ± 17.8 hours); hence this part of the experiment had been cancelled in the 6th passage. DPSC cultivated in media with 2% FCS+ITS (DT 47.3 ± 10.4 hours), 2% PRP (DT 40.1 ± 5.7 hours) and 2% HP (DT 49.0 ± 15.2 hours) showed almost the same proliferative activity. DPSC's viability in the 9th passage was over 90% except for the DPSC cultivated in the 10% HP media. CONCLUSIONS: We proved that human blood components are suitable substitution for FCS in cultivation media for long-term DPSC cultivation. and T. Suchánková Kleplová, T. Soukup, V. Řeháček, J. Suchánek
PURPOSE: A variety of anti-glaucomatous shunt designs have been proposed so far. This study evaluates the feasibility of a novel shunt design, the intra-scleral parathalamus implant (IPI), in a rabbit eye model. METHODS: Ten healthy albino rabbits were included. Measurements of the IOP, using TonoPenXL, as well as ocular rigidity (OR) and aqueous outflow facility (AO), using a previously described methodology, were performed in both eyes of each animal. Subsequently, the IPI was implanted at the left eye of all animals whereas the right eye served as control. Measurements of IOP were repeated at weekly intervals for 2 months postoperatively whereas measurements of OR and AO were repeated at the 1st and 2nd postoperative week. RESULTS: The IOP decreased significantly whereas the AO increased significantly postoperatively at the operated eyes. A significant postoperative decrease in OR was also recorded at the operated eyes. Respective differences at the fellow eyes were statistically not significant. Two animals developed postoperative complications and were excluded from follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Results imply that the implantation of the IPI is feasible in rabbit eyes with significant favorable effects on the IOP, AO and OR. and E. T. Detorakis, K. Loggaki, N. Karyotakis, H. Ginis
Carnosine is a dipeptide formed of the amino acids β-alanine and histidine. Only a limited number of studies have examined the effects of carnosine on sympathetic nerve activation and anxiety. The present study was undertaken to determine the dose-related effects of carnosine on anxiety in the elevated T-maze test (ETM) with electrodermal activity (EDA). Carnosine was injected in three groups of rats with doses of 10 (low dose), 100 (medium dose) and 1000 (high dose) mg/kg i.p. Physiological saline was injected in the sham group. The anxiety scores of the rats were measured with ETM 20 minutes after injection. Then, SCL was measured. The decreased number of entries into the open arm (NEOA), the percentage of time spent in the open arm (% TSOA) and higher EDA [shown by skin conductance level (SCL)] indicate higher anxiety. The NEOA and % TSOA were lower in the high-dose group than in the other groups. SCL was lower in the medium-dose carnosine group than in the high-dose carnosine and sham groups. SCL was higher in the high-dose group than in the medium-dose and sham groups. Our results suggest that high-dose carnosine produced anxiety-like effects as assessed in the SCL and ETM. Medium-dose carnosine acted as an anxiolytic. The anxiety-related responses of carnosine depend on its dose-related effect. and N. Dolu, H. Acer, A. Y. Kara
Kosterní pozůstatky zvířat z archeologických výzkumů středověkých lokalit tvoří soubory kostí a fragmentů. Na archeo-oste - - ologickém pracovišti Ústav anatomie, histologie a embryologie Fakulty veterinárního lékařství Veterinární a farmaceutické univerzity Brno jsou tyto soubory hodnoceny a výsledky porovnávány s dostupnými literárními prameny. Ve spolupráci s archeology jsou výsledky uváděny do souvislosti s ostatními nálezy. Naše práce se zaměřuje na hodnocení kostí a fragmentů, které tvoří kuchyňský odpad, tedy kosti se stopami kulinárního opracování. Pro jejich úspěšné určení je mnohdy významný i nález canalis nutricius na fragmentech diafýz dlouhých kostí. Rozdělení kostí dle „kvality“ masa na kategorie A, B a C umožnilo prokázat rozdíl ve složení masité stravy na panských sídlech a vesnick - ých usedlostech či v podhradí. Největší podíl v souborech tvoří často kosti skotu (až 56 %). Chov tohoto druhu byl oblíben nejen pro maso, ale i další možnosti využití. Naopak kosti malých přežvýkavců (ovce a kozy) byly v souborech zastoupeny maximálně do 17 % z důvodu omezené užitkovosti těchto zvířat. Rovněž kosti prasat tvořily menší podíl, zpravidla ne více než 10–30 %. Spotřeba vepřového masa odpovídá způsobu středověkého chovu prasat, zvířat s jednostranným využitím. Koňské kosti se stopami kuchyňského opracování tvořily jen malý podíl (nejčastěji do 4 %). Jen výjimečně byl jejich počet vyšší a to v souvislosti se specifickou situací ve studované lokalitě. Dělení kostí (nejčastěji sekáním) ukazuje na způsob řeznického a kuchyňského zpracování masa poražených zvířat. Všechny tyto výsledky jsou důležitým zdrojem informací o masité složce stravy středověké populace v různých sociálních prostředích, Animal skeletal remains from archaeological research of medieval localities create collections of bones and fragments. These col - lections are evaluated in archaeo-osteological detachment of Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology of University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno. Results are compared with accessible literary sources and in cooperation with archaeologists are correlated to other findings. This paper is focused on bones and fragments which create the kitchen waste. Successful determination can be notably sup - ported by finding of canalis nutricius on diaphysis of long bones. By the help of dividing bones into categories (A, B, C) according to “worth” of meat was facilitated documentation of differences in consum - mation of meat in aristocratic seats and rustic houses. The highest share was very often formed by cattle bones (up to 56 %). Breeding of this animal species was favourite not only for its meat but also for other possibilities of utilization. On contrary bones of small ruminants (sheep and goat) were presented only in smaller amount (up to 17 %) on the ground of their limited utility. Also participation of pig bones was lower (not more than 10–30 %). This rate of usage of pork meat is in accordance with the level of medieval breeding of pigs – animals with one-side usage. Only small parts of findings (up to 4 %) were formed by horse bones with trace of culinary processing. Higher number was very rare and always related to specific situation in the locality under study. Cutting of bones (mostly by chopping) shows the way of slaughter and culinary processing of meat. All these results are considered to be an important source of information about meaty component of food of medieval population in various social rank., Václav Páral, Martin Pyszko, and Literatura
In rats with leukemia activity of liver mitochondrial enzymes are decreased at 6 months. Later, we noted compensatory activation of complexes II and III of the respiratory chain and transition to decompensation stage by final deadline. The activity of complex IV of the respiratory chain remains high. These changes result from increased lipid peroxidation and decreased activity of antioxidant protection enzymes., Gulmira Kasymova, Ulugbek Zaribbaev, and Literatura