Introduction: The dataset of 826 patients who were suspected of the prostate cancer was examined. The best single marker and the combination of markers which could predict the prostate cancer in very early stage of the disease were looked for. Methods: For combination of markers the logistic regression, the multilayer perceptron neural network and the k-nearest neighbour method were used. 10 models for each method were developed on the training data set and the predictive accuracy verified on the test data set. Results and conclusions: The ROCs for the models were constructed and AUCs were estimated. All three examined methods have given comparable results. The medians of estimates of AUCs were 0.775, which were larger than AUC of the best single marker.
Habitat use of Bolitophagus reticulatus (L.) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), living in the basidiocarps of Fomes fomentarius (L.) Kickx, was investigated in three forest areas in south-eastern Norway: (1) a continuous, coniferous forest, (2) an agricultural area with mostly deciduous forest islands in a matrix of cultivated land and (3) a homogeneous, old deciduous forest stand. B. reticulatus was almost exclusively found inside dead basidiocarps. The size of the basidiocarp was the most important variable for predicting the probability of B. reticulatus presence in the basidiocarps from all three study areas. Drier basidiocarps had a higher probability of beetle presence than the wetter ones. Basidiocarps situated above the ground level had a higher probability of beetle presence than those close to or on the ground level. In the first study area, the presence of Cisidae was found to reduce the probability of B. reticulatus presence perhaps as a result of competition. The disappearance of beetles from previously inhabited basidiocarps seemed to be due to depletion of resources.
The goal of the text is to analyze concordance between one’sreligion and a close relative’s estimation thereof. To establish the accuracy of parents’ estimates of their children’sreligion and vice versa, we ask the following question: what is the concordance of post-socialization beliefs about (un)successful transmission of religiosity between direct actors (parent/child)? We argue that the reliability of that estimate indicates the effectiveness of religious socialization. Socialization is not treated as a nonproblematic one-way process, but rather as a result of repeated mutual parent-child interactions and a host of other intervening factors (secondary socialization etc.) In this context, the level of estimate reliability is treated as an indicator of religious socialization and of the continuity of religious memory within family, which is viewed as a collective phenomenon. In other words, by imprinting values into one’s memory and worldview, the process of religious socialization shapes the ways one views the world and him/herself as well as the focus of his/her attention, or what is stored in his/her memory. Our project is conceptualized at an intersection of the theories of socialization and religious memory. Among the latter, we primarily rely on Jan Assmann’s conceptualization of memory. While many contemporary authors deal with issues of religious socialization, and some even with its links to memory, no investigations thus far have attempted to verify intergenerational transmission in terms of the reliability of mutual estimation of (non)religiousness between generations. The analyses are based on data from the KODINA 2015 survey which specifically complemented its main sample with a selection of respondents’ close relatives. This allows us to analyze a sample of parent-child dyads. Simple frequency tables revealed some effects of the accounting person’s generation on estimate concordance. Specifically, parents were much more likely to misjudge their children’s religiosity - to consider them Roman Catholic although the children themselves identified as nonbelievers. Logistic regression was used for more detailed analysis, which revealed that the discordance between parents’ and children’s estimates is not statistically significant and only a partial effect could be demonstrated in interaction with the estimating person’sreligiosity. In sum, we present three main findings: (1) close relatives estimate each other’sreligiosity relatively accurately. That indicates, as we argue, the importance of the socialization process. (2) Estimate accuracy depends on the estimating and estimated persons’ religiosities and combination thereof. This demonstrates the importance of continuity of (non)religious belief because lower estimate accuracy has been observed in discontinuity situations. (3) There was no statistically significant difference of estimates between generations, yet the relationship demonstrated in the case of the interaction is primarily notable in that Roman Catholic parents incorrectly estimated their nonbeliever children to be Roman Catholics as well., Jan Váně, Veronika Hásová., and Obsahuje použitou literaturu
The aim of this study was a comparison of risk stratification for death in patients after myocardial infarction (MI) and of risk stratification for malignant arrhythmias in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). The individual risk factors and more complex approaches were used, which take into account that a borderline between a risky and non-risky value of each predictor is not clear-cut (fuzzification of a critical value) and that individual risk factors have different weight (area under receiver operating curve - AUC or Sommers´ D - Dxy). The risk factors were baroreflex sensitivity, ejection fraction and the number of ventricular premature complexes/hour on Holter monitoring. Those factors were evaluated separately and they were involved into logit model and fuzzy models (Fuzzy, Fuzzy-AUC, and Fuzzy-Dxy). Two groups of patients were examined: a) 308 patients 7-21 days after MI (23 patients died within period of 24 month); b) 53 patients with left ventricular dysfunction examined before implantation of ICD (7 patients with malignant arrhythmia and electric discharge within 11 month after implantation). Our results obtained in MI patients demonstrated that the application of logit and fuzzy models was superior over the risk stratification based on algorithm where the decision making is dependent on one parameter. In patients with implanted defibrillator only logit method yielded statistically significant result, but its reliability was doubtful because all other tests were statistically insignificant. We recommend evaluating the data not only by tests based on logit model but also by tests based on fuzzy models., P. Honzík ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
This work proposes an approach to tag recommendation based on a learning system. The goal of this method is to support users of current social network systems by providing a rank of new meaningful tags for a resource. This system provides a ranked tag set and it feeds on different posts depending on the resource for which the user requests the recommendation. This research studies different approaches depending on both the posts selected to form the training set and the features with which they are represented. The performance of these approaches are tested according to several evaluation measures; one of them is proposed in this paper F1+ which takes into account the positions where the system has ranked the positive tags at the same time that it considers the cases where positive tags could not be ranked. These experiments show that this learning system outperforms certain benchmark recommenders.