The aim of this article is to take a closer look at the life-work of the first Czechoslovak professoress Milada Paulová, which was a study of the Czech and Yugoslav resistance in the period of the First World War. The article outlines the question of alignment in the Czech historical sciences in interwar Czechoslovakia. The next subject is the divergence of opinion between the old and the young academic generations - is modern and contemporary history journalism or science? and Článek zahrnuje poznámkový aparát pod čarou