The paper provides examples from a fieldwork on Slovak - Romani relation in the village in the Northeast Slovakia in 1994 - 2001. Partial results of the grant project B 8058903 from the Academy of Science of the Czech Republic are presented. This presentation discusses both the interaction between different ethnicgroup and the impact of decollectivisation and „privatisation“ in one village territory in north-east Slovakia. The appearing of „new owners“ of formerly collectivised land in locality with two ethnically different populations with two dissimilar demographic behaviour repersents the frame for an analysis. The rise of interethnic disputes was caused by the problems of transformation (bankruptcy of Industrial companies and co-operatives , unemployment). This paper aims at distinguis hing between the rights over the property as given by the law and between the actual ability of the owners to realize their rights and to acquire the claimed land. The land owners remainedmembers of „transformed“ agricultural co-operatives, while at the same time, they were usually using part of their small plots (less then 0.5 hectare per family) to sustain themselves. These changes were mutual bounded whith ethnic segregation. Special attention is paid to the problem of land restitution of the formerly collectivised fields and on the informal economy between different ethnic groups. The thesis that it is possible to interpret the growth of interethnic separation as a result of the post-communist conditions is supported.