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2. Ekvivalence položek v mezinárodních datech: základní vymezení a možnosti analýzy

Creator:
Anýžová, Petra
Format:
electronic
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
cross-national survey research, equivalence, measurement indicators, item comparability, latent variable and multilevel statistical techniques, and HM
Language:
Czech
Description:
This article argues that the concept of equivalence is one of the most important methodological aspects of valid and reliable measurement in cross-national survey research. The important topic of survey measure equivalence has not been systematically in Czech social science publications to date and this article hopes to address this gap in the literature. Consequently, the two main goals of this article are (1) to acquaint the reader with techniques that are used to find questions that are interpreted in the same way across countries before data collection and (2) to describe the testing and evaluation of measurement indicators’ equivalence or comparability after data collection. This study presents cognitive approaches to “good” question wording practices, best translation practices and the application of both ‘emic’ (culture specific) and ‘etic’ (culture universal) approaches to survey question design. After data collection a range of statistic techniques are usually employed ranging from basic statistics such as the mean to advanced approaches such as multi-group structural equation modelling, multilevel modelling, latent class modelling and Item Response Theory). This article describes some of these techniques in the context of measurement equivalence and its associated research literature.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

3. Jak měřit bezmocnost: předběžné výsledky

Creator:
Traxlerová, Marie and Rabušic, Ladislav
Format:
electronic
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Powerlessness scale, standard instrument measuring, Neal Powerlessness Scale, and HM
Language:
Czech
Description:
The paper deals with powerlessness as one of the possible meanings of alienation, and presents Neal’s Powerlessness Scale as a means for measuring this concept. The aim of this research is to find out if it is possible to adopt the Neal’s research technique, developed in the context of the American culture in the late 1950s, to empirical sociological research in the Czech Republic. This issue is important because there is at present no standard attitudinal instrument for measuring a persons’ perception of their power to exert influence over socio-political events. An initial test of the reliability and internal and external validity of Neal’s scale is undertaken using a non-representative sample of the Czech population. Results of this quantitative analysis suggest that a subset of nine items from the original twelve item scale is the most reliable and valid measure of a person’s sense of control over the socio-political events within the Czech cultural milieu. Importantly, the process of data collection reveals several problematic features of Neal’s powerlessness scale, and it is recommended that certain alterations before its further use in the Czech context.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public