Tento článek má za cíl posloužit jednak jako seznámení se základními principy moderní podoby hnutí Open Science a rovněž jako úvaha k nejvýraznějším silným a slabým stránkám jeho vybraných složek. V hlavní části textu autor rozebírá tři klíčové aspekty Open Science. Jedná se o otevřený přístup k výzkumným článkům, datům a informacím o metodologických a analytických procedurách. Všechny tyto aspekty s sebou přinášejí nové praktické postupy s možnými výhodami a nevýhodami, z nichž ty nejvýznamnější jsou v textu popisovány a diskutovány. Článek navíc stručně popisuje propojení Open Science s replikační krizi v psychologii a možné techniky pro zlepšení replikovatelnosti výzkumu. Příspěvek končí krátkým shrnutím a zvážením vhodnosti přejímání vybraných principů Open Science do tuzemské výzkumné praxe. and The aim of this article is to introduce the basic principles of the modern Open Science movement and to deliberate the most important advantages and disadvantages of its selected components. In the main part of the article, the author analyzes three key aspects of Open Science. They are, as follows: open access to research articles, open access to data, and open access to the information regarding methodical and analytical procedures. Each one of these components brings forth new practical procedures with their own pros and cons. The author describes and discusses the most important ones of them. In addition, the Open Science movement and its connection to the replication crisis in psychology and possible techniques for enhancing research replicability is discussed. The article ends with a brief recapitulation and a consideration on the suitability of adapting the selected Open Science principles into the local research practices.
The tested tree species included pioneer species Acacia mangium, early succession stage species Schima superba, mesophyte intermediate-succession species Machilus chinensis, and shade-tolerant plant or late-succession species Cryptocarya concinna which occur in the lower subtropical forest community. A comparison with the current ambient level of UV-B radiation (UV-B) showed the leaf net photosynthetic rate (PN), transpiration rate (E), and stomatal conductance (g s) of the four species ranged from significantly decreased to no significant change. Additionally, the thickness of palisade and mesophyll in leaves of four tree species were decreased sharply by enhanced UV-B. The thickness of spongy parenchyma in leaves was also decreased except for M. chinensis. UV-B increased the leaf width of A. mangium but its leaf length, leaf thickness, and dry mass per unit area were not affected. Significantly increased stomata width was observed in A. mangium leaf epidermis in response to UV-B. Significantly decreased stomata width and significantly increased stomata density of leaf abaxial epidermis in M. chinensis were also observed. The stomata density of abaxial epidermis of C. concinna was remarkably increased by enhanced UV-B. The height and branch biomass of A. mangium and the height of S. superba were reduced visibly by enhanced UV-B. The four plant species could be classified into three groups of UV-B sensitiveness by hierarchical cluster analysis. A. mangium was sensitive to enhanced UV-B, while C. concinna showed more tolerance. and X. A. Cai ... [et al.].