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24. Žena ve vědě: Alena Lengerová

Creator:
Bahenská, Marie
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Alena Lengerová, the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, natural sciences, and the 20th century
Language:
Czech
Description:
Statistická data pro období 1953-1975 dokumentují nevyrovnané postavení žen a mužů v československé vědě. Muži získávali hodnosti kandidát věd a doktor věd mnohem častěji, z celkového počtu hodností kandidáta věd obdržely ženy ve sledovaném období 12,3%, z celkového počtu hodností doktor věd 2,2%. Ženy nacházely uplatnění nejčastěji v přírodních vědách (biologie, lékařské vědy, chemie). Alena Lengerová (1924-1979) byla významnou vědeckou pracovnicí, její výzkumné výsledky byly oceňovány doma i v zahraničí. V Ústavu experimentální biologie a genetiky SAV se specializovala především na imunologii a molekulární biologii. Napsala četné studie a články (více ne 100), v 60. letech 20. století přednášela na univerzitách ve Spojených státech amerických a byla členkou řady mezinárodních vědeckých institucí. Jako uznávaná odbornice byla zvána na kongresy a sympozia věnované imunologii a genetice po celém světě a na její práce se často odvolávají různé vědecké publikace. and The statistical data of time period 1953-1975 document the uneven position women and men in in scientific positions in Czechoslovakia. Men gained candidacy positions and PhDs most often, women only obtained 12,3% of candidacy positions and 2, 2% PhDs in this period. Women found employment most often in the natural sciences (biology, medical science, chemistry). Alena Lengerova (1924-1979) was an important researcher, whose research was appreciated at home and abroad. She primarily worked in immunology and molecular biology at the Institute of Experimental Biology and Genetics of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences. She wrote numerous essays and articles (more than 100), gave the lectures at universities in United States of America in the sixties and was a member of many international scientific institutions. As a respected expert in her branch, she was invited to congress and symposiums dealing with immulogy and genetics all over the word and her works were referenced frequently in various publications. (Translated by Marie Bahenská.)
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

25. Ženský výrobní spolek český

Creator:
Bahenská, Marie and Křížová, Markéta
Format:
print
Type:
model:internalpart and TEXT
Language:
Czech
Description:
From the 1870s on, the objective of the feminist movement had became the foundation of school that would allow the professional education of girls. In this endeavor played an important role the Female Manufacturing Czech Society (Ženský výrobní spolek český, hereafter ŽVSČ). This society was founded in the year 1871 and at its birth stood for example Karolina Světlá, Sofie Podlipská, Věnceslava Lužická-Srbová and the husband and wife Náprstek. The structure of the society and the school for girls founded by it were probably inspired by similar institutions already existing abroad (in London and Vienna). The school of ŽVSČ, called business-industrial school, was supposed to pursue the so called industrial education. This educational style served for the preparation of the girls far family life, but also far independent life, and journalists of the time assessed it in principle affirmatively, because it in no way violated the traditional image of the role of women in society. The school was divided to five different branches, of which the most popular was the language cour se and the business cour se. At all 293 pupils enrolled in the first year and in the next years their number rose steadily, so that in the year 1874 there were already 505 girls attending the school. The leaders of the society also accentuated the idea of social solidarity and so every year they for gave the tuition to girls from poor families and the school fees were relatively low in comparison with other schools (1-3 guldens monthly). A great interest was aroused by the short-term nuring cour ses whose graduates acquired nursing diplomas. An extraordinary exploit represented the establishment of the so called „request chamber“ that helped women to look for work. In the 1880s thepersonalities at the head of the society had changed, but its activities remained unchanged. After the withdrawal of Karolina Světlá the main authority became Eliška Krásnohorská who was at the same time the editor of the journal „Woman Paper“ (Ženské listy), the school had been directed by Johanna Kuffnerová since 1885. The members of the society aimed towards the preservation of its good reputation and the justification of the existence of the school; in this respect a major role was played by Eliška Krásnohorská and her publication activities. An occasion for the presentation in public became the 25th anniversary of ŽVSČ when new school building was inaugurated. The society came to an end only in 1957, but already since the beginnig of the twentieth centuty its influence decreased and in the last years of its existence it limited itself only to the preservation of the memory of Eliška Krásnohorská.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public