The indirect of direct influence of the Bible has to be seen as an important aspect of the process of modernization in relation to Chinese literature at the beginning of the twentieth century. The present article discusses one of the earliest fictional narratives in the modern literary vernacular, Lu Xun´s short story "Medicine" (Yao, 1919), as an example of the reception and assimilation of Biblical motifs in a work written by the founder of China´s modern literature. The discussion focuses not only on various biblical motifs and their sources but also on the distinct roles individual motifs play in the semantic structure of the short story under scrutiny. Among other observations, the article suggest that one of the most prominent recurrent elements in Lu Xun´s belletristic work, the motif of the loner and the crowd, has its roots in the passion narratives of the New Testament, Dušan Andrš., and Obsahuje seznam literatury