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2. Německá univerzita v Praze a přírodní vědy, 1882-1939

Creator:
Hermann, Tomáš and Šimůnek, Michal
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Language:
Czech
Description:
The German University in Prague and natural sciences, 1882-1939. In 1882 the Charles-Ferdinand University in Prague was divided into two separate parts, the Czech and the German. For several decades the research and teaching in natural sciences took place parallely on both of them the paper gives in short retrospective an oveview of same main lines of development. It also offers examples of several academicians whose careers were significant for the German speaking scientific community in Bohemia and Moravia in the second half of the 19th and first half of the 20th century.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

5. Proměny sporu o svobodu české filosofie

Creator:
Hermann, Tomáš
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Czech philosophy, philosophy and society, philosophy and ideology, Hegelianism, and Herbartism
Language:
Czech
Description:
Study analyses public philosophic debate in 1844–48 in which topic of distinctively “Czech philosophy” was first articulated and discussed as a “debate about the being and non-being of German philosophy in Czech lands”. Author acquaints reader with intellectual context of arising Czech philosophy in first half of 19th century, based on conceptual influence of Herder, Hegel and Herbart. Starting point of that discussion was role of philosophy as academic subject at University and as part of literature and culture generally. In an analysis of the debate and of positions of chief participants (K. Havlíček, V. Gabler, F. Čupr, A. Smetana, K. B. Štorch) study shows that as subject of reflection the discussion included prob¬lems of philosophy in Czech language, place and role of philosophy in the Czech lands, of special traits of Czech “national” philosophy, its limits and possibilities, of reception of German classical philosophy and finally even meta-philosophical question of what philosophy is or ought to be in general. Two examples of the way this debate was recalled and updated in the 20th century in quite different situation of the period between the wars (F. Pelikán) and after the wars (K. Kosík) – in the twenties and in the fifties – show subsequently the transformed contexts and problems of modern Czech philosophy. Analysis of the debate and its heritage are placed within the overall discussion of what Czech philosophy is from linguistic, territorial, national and factual viewpoint.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

6. Vědecká činnost Jana Evangelisty Purkyně a její mnohostranný přínos

Creator:
Hermann, Tomáš
Type:
article and TEXT
Language:
Czech
Description:
J. E. Purkyně je dodnes nejvýznamnějším přírodovědcem, který vyšel z českého prostředí. Jeho vliv zasahoval jak obecný vývoj věd o životě a medicíny, tak formující se českou vědu 19. století. Z dnešního hlediska lze vyzdvihnout na jeho díle zejména: 1. Tematizaci subjektivní empirie ve fysiologii vnímání a smyslů. 2. Anatomická zkoumání a podíl na formulaci buněčné teorie. 3. Organizační úsilí, které reprezentuje spis Akademia. 4. Anonymní spis Útržky ze zápisníku zemřelého přírodovědce, který reprezentuje jeho naturfilosofický světonázor. and J. E. Purkyně is still the most important scien­tist to emerge from the Czech environment. His influence affected the general development of life sciences and medicine, as well as shaping 19th century Czech science. From today’s point of view the following parts of his work may be highlighted: 1) Thematization of subjective empiricism in physiology of the senses. 2) Anatomical study and participation in the formulation of cell theory. 3) The organizational effort that goes into an Academia work. 4) Anonymous book Frag­ments from the Diary of a Deceased Naturalist, which presents his idealistic („natural philosophy“) worldview.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/