In greenhouse experiments the efFect of simulated acid rain (mist of H2SO4) treatment on i'*C02 fixation, ribulose-l,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBPC), nitráte reductase (NR) and nitrite reductase (NiR) activities in Vigna sinensis L. and Phaseolus mungo L. was investigated at different pH. Seedlings exposed to acidic mists of pH 5.6, 4.0 and 2.0 for 5 d showed significant reduction in *“*€02 fixation, RuBPC, NiR and especially NR activities. Sodium dodecylsulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of crude leaf extracts of RuBPC indicated a significant loss of 55 and 15 kDa polypeptides at pH 2.0 in both the crop plants. The reduction in the RuBPC activity in seedlings grown under acidic mists correlated well with the CO2 fixation. NR activity was affected more than the NiR activity.
Seedlings of Erythrina variegata Lam. exposed to flooding for 10 d showed significant reduction in height, growth rates (leaf area in plant, leaf area index, relative growth rate, and specific leaf mass), biomass, chlorophyli (Chl) and carotenoid contents, and thylakoid membrane organization. Application of triacontanol partially compensated these effects and promoted height, biomass and Chl content. Starch and sugar contents were significantly higher in leaves of flooded seedlings.
The effect of spraying triacontanol (Tria) solution (1 g m'^) on •'*C02 fíxation, ribulose-l,5-bisphosphate carboxylase (RuBPC), nitráte reductase (NR) and photosystem (PS) activities in waterlogged Erythrina variegata Lam. was investigated under field conditions. Seedlings exposed to flooding for 10 d showed a significant reduction in •‘♦CO2 fíxation, and in NR, RuBPC and PS2 activities. Electrophoretic analysis of thylakoid polypeptides indicated a significant loss of 47, 43, 33, 25, 23, 17 and 15 kDa polypeptides in flooded seedlings. However, the application of Tria partially ameliorated the effect of flooding and promoted the above activities. The site of flooding injury was at the oxidation site of PS2 prior to the hydroxylamine donating site and perhaps close or after the diphenylcarbazide donating site. The increase in the RuBPC activity in Tria-treated seedlings under flooding correlated well with the changes in CO2 fíxation rate.