Pea (Pisum sativum) leaves grown under high and low iiradiances were exposed for 6 h to a limiting, saturating oř excessive irradiance. The tůně courses of synthesis of the photosystem 2 (PS 2) core proteins D2 and CP43 and CP47 were studied. The D2 protein synthesis characteristics were shown to be dependent on both the growth irradiance and the irradiance during synthesis, reflecáng long-term and short-term adjustments of the plant. CP43 and CP47 synthesis was less susceptible to alterations in irradiance.
This article examines the evolution of the term tabula from antiquity onward and the use of it in middle ages and early modern age literature. It analyses in detail the term tabulae ecclesiae finding its triple meaning in the Central European environment: 1) tabulae written on parchment (later on paper) and fixed on a board in the church – these contained information and instructions for laymen, those in the sacristy or in the choir contained normative constitutions or doctrinal auctoritates for clerics, 2) tabulae on the church walls near the high-altar contained lists of persons to be remembered in liturgy permanently; their external form were frescos framing their names like funeral tablets, 3) the same term tabulae ecclesiae is used also in the sense of financial cash resulting from a church collection. In all cases the ideological connection of medieval church boards to antique legistic texts (1.), to fasti (2.) or to the external form of a real board only (3.) is examined.
This article examines the evolution of the term tabula from antiquity onward and the use of it in middle ages and early modern age literature. It analyses in detail the term tabulae ecclesiae finding its triple meaning in the Central European environment: 1) tabulae written on parchment (later on paper) and fixed on a board in the church – these contained information and instructions for laymen, those in the sacristy or in the choir contained normative constitutions or doctrinal auctoritates for clerics, 2) tabulae on the church walls near the high-altar contained lists of persons to be remembered in liturgy permanently; their external form were frescos framing their names like funeral tablets, 3) the same term tabulae ecclesiae is used also in the sense of financial cash resulting from a church collection. In all cases the ideological connection of medieval church boards to antique legistic texts (1.), to fasti (2.) or to the external form of a real board only (3.) is examined.
This article examines the evolution of the term tabula from antiquity onward and the use of it in middle ages and early modern age literature. It analyses in detail the term tabulae ecclesiae finding its triple meaning in the Central European environment: 1) tabulae written on parchment (later on paper) and fixed on a board in the church – these contained information and instructions for laymen, those in the sacristy or in the choir contained normative constitutions or doctrinal auctoritates for clerics, 2) tabulae on the church walls near the high-altar contained lists of persons to be remembered in liturgy permanently; their external form were frescos framing their names like funeral tablets, 3) the same term tabulae ecclesiae is used also in the sense of financial cash resulting from a church collection. In all cases the ideological connection of medieval church boards to antique legistic texts (1.), to fasti (2.) or to the external form of a real board only (3.) is examined.
We studied the responses of gas exchange, leaf morphology, and growth to irradiance in Taihangia rupestris, a naturally rare herb inhabiting only vertical cliff faces. In low irradiance (LI, 10 % of full sun) T. rupestris had lower net photosynthetic rate (PN) and produced much less leaves, total leaf area, and biomass than in high (HI, full sun) or medium irradiance (MI, 50 % of full sun). PN of T. rupestris was higher in HI than in MI on August 8, but lower in HI than in MI on September 22. T. rupestris had shorter petioles and lower leaf area ratio, and produced more but smaller and thicker leaves in HI than in MI. In HI the fast production of new leaves may guarantee T. rupestris to maintain higher PN at the whole plant level and thus accumulate more biomass at harvest, although the single-leaf PN may become lower as found on September 22. Hence T. rupestris possesses a latent capacity to acclimate and adapt to full sun. Irradiance, therefore, may not be a responsible factor for the restricted distribution of T. rupestris on vertical cliffs. and Min Tang ... [et al.].
The review summarizes basic information about slow and fast chlorophyll (Chl) a fluorescence induction kinetics (FIK) recorded using fluorimeters working on a principle of the pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) of a Chl fluorescence signal. It explains fundamental principles of the measuring technique, evaluates the terminology, symbols, and parameters used. Analysis of Chl FIK resulting in a set of Chl fluorescence parameters (FPs) provides qualitative and quantitative information about photosynthetic processes in chloroplasts. Using FPs, one can describe the functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus under different internal and external conditions. Brief comments on proper application of the fluorimetric method in photosynthesis research and some actual examples are also given. and K, Roháček, M. Barták.
Photosynthetic electron transfer was studied in thylakoids isolated from control and DCMU-grown wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings. When exposed to high temperature (HT) and high iradiance (HI), thylakoids showed large variations in the photosynthetic electron transport activities and thylakoid membrane proteins. A drastic reduction in the rate of whole electron transport chain (H2O → MV) was envisaged in control thylakoids when exposed to HT and HI. Such reduction was mainly due to the loss of photosystem 2, PS2 (H2O → DCBQ) activity. The thylakoids isolated from seedlings grown in the presence of DCMU showed greater resistance to HT and HI treatment. The artificial exogenous electron donors MnCl2, DPC, and NH2OH failed to restore the HI induced loss of PS2 activity in both control and DCMU thylakoids. In contrast, addition of DPC and NH2OH significantly restored the HT induced loss of PS2 activity in control thylakoids and partially in DCMU thylakoids. Similar results were obtained when Fv/Fm was evaluated by chlorophyll fluorescence measurements. The marked loss of PS2 activity in control thylakoids was evidently due to the loss of 33, 23, and 17 kDa extrinsic polypeptides and 28-25 kDa LHCP polypeptides. and K. Muthuchelian, M. Bertamini, N. Nedunchezhian.
When exposing the leaf fragments of wheat (cv. Grana) to decreasing temperature, measurements of delayed luminescence allow to conclude lhát the photosynthetic apparatus in the few-days-old leaves is more low temperature sensitive than that in the leaves several days old.