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35962. Vzpomínky z minulých životů
- Creator:
- Marková, Dagmar
- Format:
- Type:
- model:internalpart and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
35963. Vztah atopického ekzému a pozornosti
- Creator:
- Hricová, Alena, Ondrášek, Stanislav, and Hric, Matyáš
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- atopický ekzém, pozornost, ADHD, ADD, atopic eczema, and attention
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Cílem přehledové studie je popsat vztah dvou proměnných – atopického ekzému a pozornosti. Nejprve je důležité vymezit dva související pojmy, které je důležité nezaměňovat, a to ADHD a ADD. Obě tyto poruchy pozornosti jsou dědičné neurovývojové poruchy. ADD se vyznačuje ztrátou soustředění, roztržitostí a emoční přecitlivělostí. ADHD je porucha pozornosti s hyperaktivitou. Vyznačuje se nepozornosti, hyperaktivitou a impulzivitou. Na základě výsledků dostupných studií, které se tímto vztahem zaobírají, je čtenáři představena daná tématika a shrnuty dosavadní poznatky. Pro přehledovou studii bylo pracováno se zdroji z dostupných vědeckých databází: PubMed, PsycInfo, Scopus a Web of Science. Pro vyhledávání byla zadána klíčová slova: atopic eczema, ADHD, ADD, attention, relationship. Dalším zvoleným kritériem pro vyhledávání bylo sledované období, které jsme stanovili bez určení, důvodem pro toto rozhodnutí bylo, že se jedná o specifickou problematiku. Studie byly vybrány na základě relevantnosti ke stanovenému cíli. Celkem se jednalo o 10 analyzovaných studií. Výsledky analyzovaných studií ukazují, že u osob s diagnostikovaným atopickým ekzémem existuje riziko poruchy pozornosti. Zároveň však nebyl prokázán přímý kauzální vztah mezi těmito proměnnými, který by v případě prokázání mohl vést ke stanovení preventivních, ale i léčebných plánů., PROBLEM: Atopic eczema is linked with several other psychosomatic diseases and disorders like sleeping disorders or low quality, chronic itching, etc. First, it is important to define two related terms that are important not to confuse, namely ADHD and ADD. Both of these attention disorders are inherited neurodevelopmental disorders. ADD is characterized by loss of concentration, distraction, and emotional hypersensitivity. ADHD is an attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. It is characterized by inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. The survey study aims at describing the relation of two variables – atopic eczema and attention. Based on the results of the available studies dealing with the said relation, the topic will be presented to the reader and the existing pieces of knowledge will be summarized. METHODS: The study worked with sources from available scientific databases: PubMed, PsycInfo, Scopus and Web of Science. The following key words were entered for search: atopic eczema, ADHD, ADD, attention, relation. Another criterion selected for search was the period of observation, which we set without determination; that decision was based on the fact that the topic in question is specific. The studies were selected based on their relevance for the goal set. 10 studies were analyzed in total. RESULTS: The analysis results show that studies dealing with the issue of the effect of atopic eczema can be divided into two groups. The first group consists of studies which state, based on research, that persons with diagnosed atopic eczema are endangered by attention disorders. While comparing them with healthy population, i.e., with persons without atopic eczema, it was found that persons with atopic eczema have higher proportional chance of attention disorders, and other health problems linked with the said disease, like low quality of sleep, anxieties, depressions or behaviour disorders were registered as well. The studies under analysis also mention a risk period that may be essential for the development of attention disorder. The other group consists of studies which did not demonstrate a direct causal relation between attention eczema and attention disorders, which, if demonstrated, could lead to setting of preventive and therapeutic plans. The results of some of these studies show the coexistence of atopic eczema and ADHD, but the authors state that both disorders may not have causal relation and that they may be influenced by other factors; they recommend other studies which could clarify the prevalence of ADHD in persons with atopic eczema., and DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In conclusion, it can be stated that there is a higher risk of attention disorder, ADHD, in individuals with atopic eczema. However, as studies show, a causal relation between the two variables in question has not been found yet. The results have also shown that this issue is still little explored, in spite of the fact that a number of studies had a large research set. Therefore, further extensive interdisciplinary studies are needed, in order to prove or disprove their mutual causal relation. In case of proving the causal relation, it is further recommended to proceed to determine preventive and therapeutic strategies for attention disorders caused by atopic eczema, in order to positively influence the resulting quality of life of the individuals with the said disorder type.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
35964. Vzťah lekára a pacienta: Niekoľko úvah nad právnou úpravou dohody o poskytovaní zdravotnej starostlivosti
- Creator:
- Zoláková, Zuzana
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- dohoda o poskytovani zdravotnej starostlivosti, vzťah lekára a pacienta, and zmluvný model
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Autorka sa v článku zaoberá vzťahom lekára a pacienta a jeho právnou úpravou v právnom poriadku Slovenskej republiky. V úvode približuje niektoré argumenty v prospech súkromnoprávneho chápania tohto vzťahu a upozorňuje na jeho špecifiká. Ďalej analyzuje právnu úpravu dohody o poskytovaní zdravotnej starostlivosti v zákone o zdravotnej starostlivosti (vznik právneho vzťahu, doba trvania právneho vzťahu a zánik právneho vzťahu) so zdôraznením výhod aplikácie zmluvného vzťahu medzi lekárom a pacientom v praxi. and Author in this article deals with the problem of relationship between physician and patient and its regulation in legislation of the Slovak Republic. First she introduces some arguments for the private definition of the physician – patient relationship and underlines its specialities. Further she analyzes the regulation of health care services contract in the Healthcare and healthcare-related services Act (the creation of the legal relationship, the duration of the legal relationship and the termination of legal relationship) with the empasis on the benefits of contractual model in the medical practice.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
35965. Vztah lékaře a pacienta z pohledu soukromého práva
- Creator:
- Doležal, Adam
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The aim of this review is to summarize main aspects of the book “Vztah lékaře a pacienta z pohledu soukromého práva“ written by Tomáš Doležal, published in 2012 in Prague. As the title suggests the book itself is focused on analysis of relationship between physician and patient from legal point of view. This review has the aim to show the most interesting parts of the book and present short evaluation of the book by the author of the review.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
35966. Vztah mezi styly zvládání, přesvědčením o vlasním vlivu a problémy dospívajících
- Creator:
- Hanžlová, Martina and Macek, Petr
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- adolescence, coping, přesvědčení o vlastním vlivu, problémy dospívajících, locus of control, and problems of adolescents
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Studie ukazuje souvislosti mezi frekvencí různých stylů zvládání (aktivní, znevážení, bezradnost), percipovanou četností každodenních problémů adolescentů a jejich přesvědčením o vlastním vlivu. Tyto vztahy byly zjišťovány zvlášť v několika sociálních kontextech (škola, rodiče, problémy se sebou samým, vrstevníci, opačné pohlaví, volný čas, volba povolání, představy o budoucnosti). Výzkumný soubor tvořilo celkem 563 respondentů (průměrný věk 15,6 let) z různých středních škol. Výsledky ukázaly významný vztah mezi bezradností (pasivní coping) a nízkou percepcí vlivu, a to zejména pro problémy ve škole, s rodiči, s vrstevníky a pro oblast volby povolání. Aktivní přístup k řešení problémů a strategie znevažování problémové situace nesouvisí s přesvědčením o vlastním vlivu. Na druhou stranu, používání pasivních strategií a v některých sociálních kontextech (škola, vztahy s opačným pohlavím, volba povolání, představy o budoucnosti) i frekvence aktivního copingu souvisí s četností problémů. and The study is focused on relationships among frequencies of three coping styles (active, discounting, helplessness), perceived frequency of daily hassles, and perceived control beliefs. These relationships were analyzed separately for specific social context (school, parents, self, peer context, opposite sex, leisure time, future career, future expectations). A sample of 563 respondents (average age 15,6 years old) included students of different high schools. As results revealed, the significant relationships between the passive coping strategy (helplessness) and a low level of perceived control beliefs were found in regard to school problems, problems with parents, problems with peers, and to problems regarding future career. The active coping and the coping strategy of discounting were not related to perceived control beliefs. On the other hand, the strategy of helplessness as well as a using of the active coping (in regard to school problems, problems with the opposite sex, problems regarding future career and future expectations) were related to the frequency of perceived daily hassles.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
35967. Vztah pracovního a soukromého života v perspektivě mezinárodního srovnání
- Creator:
- Volhlídalová, Marta
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- work-life balance, family policy, and international comparison
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The paper deals with the relationship between working and private, family and partnership life in the contemporary Czech society. It is based on the main findings from the representative sample survey ''Connections between the changes in the labour market and forms of private, family, and partnership life in the Czech society'' conducted in the 2005. The aim of this paper is to put these findings into an international context. The comparison of selected European countries is done from the point of the level of conflict experienced between working and private life. These findings are also connected to the family policies and the labour market arrangements in particular countries. The international comparison is based on data from the second round of European Social Survey conducted 2004/2005. The findings indicated that the Czech Republic (along with Great Britain, Spain, Poland and Slovakia) counted among the countries with relatively higher level of experienced work-family/private life conflicts, unlike the Scandinavia and some particular West European countries (Germany, France and Belgium).
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
35968. Vztah rodiny a životní spokojenosti dětí
- Creator:
- Lenka Hodačová, Čermáková, Eva, Jindra Šmejkalová, Hlaváčková, Eva, and Michal Kalman
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, studie, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Psychologie, psychologie, děti, rodina, psychology, children, family, Česko, životní spokojenost, life satisfaction, 17, and 159.9
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Objectives. The main goal of the study was to analyse in detail specific family indicators and their relation to selected indicator of life satisfaction in a representative sample of Czech children. Sample and setting. A total number of 4 351 children aged 11, 13 and 15 years out of 88 randomly selected schools in Czech Republic formed the study population. The data was acquired in the framework of the WHO study “The Health Behaviour in School-aged Children: A WHO Cross National Study” (HBSC) in June 2010 by means of standardized questionnaires. Research questions. Is formal structure of family or the quality of communication more important for children's life satisfaction? Statistical analysis. Statistical analysis included descriptive analyses, the x2 test of independence in contingency tables, Fisher’s exact test, two samples T-test, one and two way analysis of variance using the NCSS 2007 program. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of family on life satisfaction of children and prevalence odds ratios with 95% confidence interval were calculated as measure of association. Results. Life satisfaction was high for majority of children, it reached two thirds of possible maximum at both of the followed scales (Cantril index, Huebner scale) for the whole sample. Life satisfaction was significantly associated (p<0,001) with age, gender, formal structure of family and quality of communication in family. Children from complete families with easy or very easy communication with both parents had the highest values at both of the followed life satisfaction scales. Study limitations. Limitations of the study result from the cross-sectional design and data based on self-reports. Both life satisfaction and family were analysed on the basis of selected question categories., L. Hodačová, E. Čermáková, J. Šmejkalová, E. Hlaváčková, M. Kalman., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
35969. Vztah romských dětí k České republice
- Creator:
- Turková, Miloslava and Beeby, Duncan
- Format:
- Type:
- model:internalpart and TEXT
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The subjecí of this study ís the issue of the relationship of children from Romany (as well as Czech, Slovák and other) families to the Czech Republic. This issue was investigated as part of a wider study in 1998, during the period of the first large-scale migration of Romanies out of the Czech Republic. The investigation was carried out by means of an anonymous questionnaire given to pupils in the 8th class at elemeníary schools in 46 towns in Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia. The subjects of the enquiry were therefore children aged' 13 or 14, that is children who are theoretically capable not only of expressing the ethnic identity of their parents but also of expressing the nátuře of their relationship to the Czech Republic. The investigation received 5921 replies from children of different ethnic origins. Of these only 33 (0.56 %) explicitly declared themselves to be of Romany origin. Other respondents indirectly acknowledged their Romany roots even though they officially declared their parents to be Czech, Slovák, Hungarian, Polish, Ukrainian etc. or in some cases omitted to put down any parental nationality. Totalling the replies that gave an indication of Romany ethnic origin gave a figuře of only 76 (1.28 % of the total sample). The relationship of the sample group of 13 - 14 year old Romany (as well as Czech, Slovák and other nationality) elementary school pupils to the Czech Republic was investigated on the basis of an expression of agreement or disagreement from the respondents (the option of „don ’t know“ was also added) to three statements: (1) „Ilike Czech film and theatre“; (2) „I would like to learn about the cultures of ethnic groups living in the Czech Republic (3) „It is good to be a Citizen of the Czech Republic “. Based on an analysis of their replies it is possible to statě: (1) The group of Romany children who professed their Romany roots, consequently a group comingfrom a family background hardest hit by the transformation of society, exhibited in their opinions and attitudes a relatively high level ofpositive agreement with the first statement. (2) From 40 the standpoint of cultural self-isolation in the sample group, Romany children came out as the most dosed with the greatest proportion that doesn 7 want to learn about the culture of ethnic groups living in the Czech Republic. It is obviously important to emphasise that representatives of the majority (pupils from Czech families) were not much more forthcoming, with more than 40 % expressing no interest in learning about the cultures of other ethnic groups with whom they live in the Czech Republic. (3) The group of pupils with Romany roots, which professed a pride in being a Citiz and en of the Czech Republic, was for the most part composed ofthose who had declared their parents to be of Czech nationality, and therefore seemed to identijy nationality with citizenship. From the information gained can be derived the necessity of forming a relationship between all groups and the statě of which they are a part, whether they arrived recently or are indigenous. An atmosphere of openness and approachability between the individual cultural models is very important in this. All minorities should maintain their identity and roots. Generally a shared respectfor the values of the statě results in a unified country and creates a positive relationship to the country in which, regardless oforigin, they all live.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
35970. Vztah Romů k práci - konfrontace stereotypu s historickými doklady
- Creator:
- Pavelčíková, Nina
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Roma, stereotypes, historical documents, traditional crafts, communist regimme, and manual labor
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- The study focuses on the attitude of concrete Romani groups to work. It refutes the common stereotype that the Romani detest work, that they have been living in the past at the expense of the majoritarian society, gained their living by bagging and other illegal means. In historical overview the author follows up the traditional Romani occupations and their decline under the impact of the industrialization. She accentuates the time of the communist regime that made use of the Romani especially in manual professions. Their work performance was commonly considered to be satisfactory, the communist aimed, within the frame of the general assimilation politics, to educate them to be enthusiastic builders of socialism. The wages that motivated for manual work did not instigate the Romani parents, clinging to the tradition of domestic education, to achieve higher qualification for their children.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public