In this article the author seeks to explain some fundamental features of Roman Catholic spirituality in the Bohemian Lands after the Second World War. He demonstrates that this phenomenon was in essence both determined by the “Roman Catholic Renaissance” of the 1930s and by new tendencies, particularly after the Communist takeover of February 1948. Among these tendencies was its enforced closed nature, fear of persecution, traditionalism, and conservatism, which were mainly the result of the limitations on being in touch with people abroad. On the whole, however, the author believes that Czech Roman Catholicism from the Communist takeover to the collapse of the regime in late 1989, despite all its problems, contributed to Czech culture, and he demonstrates this also in the reception of the Second Vatican Council in Bohemia and Moravia. The spirituality of women, both of nuns and of secular intellectuals, receives special praise in the article.
Uvedená štúdia je rámcovaná z hľadiska miesta, času a predmetu. Zameriava sa na právnepostavenie židovského obyvateľstva v Nemecku po roku 1933 so zreteľom na právne postavenie Židov voverejnej službe, slobodných povolaniach a robotníckych zamestnaniach. Štúdia pozostáva z troch častí.Prvá časť sa zameriava na ideologické postuláty, z ktorých vychádzalo nemecké protižidovské zákonodarstvo,teda predovšetkým na národ, rasu a rasový antisemitizmus. Druhá časť sa venuje diskriminačnej legislatíve v rokoch 1933–1935 so zreteľom na zákon o obnove profesionálnej štátnej služby zo 7. apríla 1933a zákon o pripustení k advokátskej činnosti. Tretia kapitola je zameraná na vznik partikulárnej právnej úpravy voči židovským štátnym príslušníkom.Dôraz sa tu kladie primárne na zákon o ríšskom občianstvea jeho vykonávacie predpisy a sekundárne aj na tzv. norimberské zákony v širšom slova zmysle. Osobitná pozornosť je v príspevku venovaná aj ustanoveniam o výnimkách z protižidovskej legislatívy. Záver prácepredstavuje určité zovšeobecnenie nemeckej protižidovskej legislatívy, vyvodenie konkrétnych vlastnostítejto legislatívy najmä vo vzťahu k protižidovskej legislatíve niektorých európskych krajín v období2. svetovej vojny. and This paper focuses on the legal status of Jews in Germany after 1933 with regard to their legal status in civil service, liberal professions and other workers’employment. The paper consist of three parts. The first part focuses on the ideological basis of the German anti-jewish legislation, mainly on the nation, race and racial antisemitism. The second part concentrate on discriminatory legislation in the years 1933–1935 with regard to The Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service and to The Law for Admission as a Professional Lawyer. The third and last chapter focuses on the creation of a particular legislation against Jewish as a nationals. Emphasis is primarily layed on Reich Citizenship Law and its directives and secondary on Nuremberg Laws in a broader sense. Special attention is paid to the provisions on exemptions from anti-Jewish legislation. In the summary
of the paper we focuses on the generalization of the German anti-Jewish legislation in particular in relation to anti-Jewish legislation in some European countries during World War 2.