The article deals with the manuscript DF V 11 housed in the Strahov Library and containing a transcription of the Tovačov Book - a manual of early Moravian provincial law. The text is analysed in a detailed way as this codex is missing in the list of the manuscripts of the Book compiled by Prof. Čáda in 1968.
This article analyses in detail a land register dating from the year 1733 (Sg. 1976) which was found recently in Rome, focusing on its contents and on the wider context of the contents. The manuscript brings furthermore a history of the convent in prose and in vers the translation of which consitutes a part of the article.
This article analyses in detail a land register dating from the year 1733 (Sg. 1976) which was found recently in Rome, focusing on its contents and on the wider context of the contents. The manuscript brings furthermore a history of the convent in prose and in vers the translation of which consitutes a part of the article.
The closure of St George's Benedictine convent in Prague Castle in 1782 meant the end of a valuable convent library, whose size and contents we can only conjecture. Hitherto we have been aware of a set of 65 codices to be found for the most part in the Czech National Library fonds with individual items owned by the Prague National Museum Library and the Ősterreichische Nationalbibliothek in Vienna. The aim of this paper is to draw attention to the practically unknown St George codices which the Czech National Library purchased together with the Prague Lobkowicz library. These are four breviaries which were acquired by the Lobkowicz Library in 1835. Summer breviary XXIII D 156 was created before the mid-13th century undoubtedly in the environment of St George's Convent, while the somewhat older Calendarium is evidently not from St George's or of Bohemian origin at all. The winter breviary XXIII D 155 is ascribed to St George's Abbess Anežka (1355-1358). Summer breviary XXIII D 142 was created in 1359 for Sister Alžbeta, the codex decoration is from the workshop of master breviarist Grandmaster Lev. Summer breviary XXIII D 138, which is of artistic and iconographic interest, is the work of four scribes and two previously unknown illuminators.
Th is article informs about an album amicorum of Pavel of Jizbice which is bound into an old edition in the holdings of the National Library of the Czech Republic in Prague and has been found recently. Th e humanistic poet Pavel of Jizbice used it at the time of his studies in Annaberg. Th e album contains fi rst of all records by his fellow-students. Latin and Greek of their records which are transliterated in the article is directly proportional to the erudition level of those days.
This article informs about an album amicorum of Pavel of Jizbice which is bound into an old edition in the holdings of the National Library of the Czech Republic in Prague and has been found recently. Th e humanistic poet Pavel of Jizbice used it at the time of his studies in Annaberg. Th e album contains fi rst of all records by his fellow-students. Latin and Greek of their records which are transliterated in the article is directly proportional to the erudition level of those days.
This study deals with two short Latin annalistic texts of Czech provenance dating from the turn of the 14th and 15th century which have been written according to two different models on a free place of ms. 5483 in the holdings of the Austrian National Library in Vienna and collected in one series of annals. The article examines the reference of these texts to other similar texts coming from the Czech late middle ages environment. The contents of the Annals is information about the last Přemyslides, genealogic records about Czech Luxemburger, and news about what happened mostly in Prague in the 14th century.
This study deals with two short Latin annalistic texts of Czech provenance dating from the turn of the 14th and 15th century which have been written according to two different models on a free place of ms. 5483 in the holdings of the Austrian National Library in Vienna and collected in one series of annals. The article examines the reference of these texts to other similar texts coming from the Czech late middle ages environment. The contents of the Annals is information about the last Přemyslides, genealogic records about Czech Luxemburger, and news about what happened mostly in Prague in the 14th century.
This contribution brings a critical edition of a short treatise by Jakoubek of Mies and ranks the work among the eldest utraquist works – it originated in August 1414 most probably. Articulus brings evidence that the most important auctoritas of the time when the idea of the cup originated was the vers of Paul´s 1. epistle to the Corinthians Probet autem se ipsum homo and it is a relevant testimony of Matěj´s of Janov influence on the origin of utraquism.
This contribution brings a critical edition of a short treatise by Jakoubek of Mies and ranks the work among the eldest utraquist works – it originated in August 1414 most probably. Articulus brings evidence that the most important auctoritas of the time when the idea of the cup originated was the vers of Paul´s 1. epistle to the Corinthians Probet autem se ipsum homo and it is a relevant testimony of Matěj´s of Janov influence on the origin of utraquism.
The library of the Czech historian Tomaš Pešina of Čechorod who lived in the time after the White Mountain is nowadays part of the family library of the Wallensteins which is housed at the castle in Mnichovo Hradiště. This article focuses on the series of chronicles coming from the estate of Pešina and created around the mid 14th century. The codex contains both copies of national chronicles (Chronicle by Bartošek of Drahonice, Chronicle by Přibik Pulkava of Radonin and Old Czech Annals) and chronicles of the Mladá Boleslav Town and Žatec Town.
The library of the Czech historian Tomaš Pešina of Čechorod who lived in the time after the White Mountain is nowadays part of the family library of the Wallensteins which is housed at the castle in Mnichovo Hradiště. This article focuses on the series of chronicles coming from the estate of Pešina and created around the mid 14th century. The codex contains both copies of national chronicles (Chronicle by Bartošek of Drahonice, Chronicle by Přibik Pulkava of Radonin and Old Czech Annals) and chronicles of the Mladá Boleslav Town and Žatec Town.
The Stefanyk Library of the Ukraine Academy of Sciences in Lvov houses the manuscript of a Czech medieval bible under shelf mark 9 O/Н Од. Зб. 3897. This bible was transcribed 1476-1478 by Jan Záblacký, a scribe of whom no details are known, and contains the complete collection of the books of the Old and the New Testaments without prefaces. We know neither the person who ordered the work nor the first owner, unless it was Jan Záblacký himself. Nor can we determine with any accuracy the place where the bible was written, although at the end of the manuscript Záblacký mentions that he completed it on 9th April 1478 in Kamenice, though there are several towns and villages of that name in Bohemia and Moravia. The times recorded by Jan Záblacký for individual books of the bible are of interest and value, as they enable us to reconstruct the rate at which the scribe transcribed the bible text and the average daily amount of text transcribed.
The Stefanyk Library of the Ukraine Academy of Sciences in Lvov houses the manuscript of a Czech medieval bible under shelf mark 9 O/Н Од. Зб. 3897. This bible was transcribed 1476-1478 by Jan Záblacký, a scribe of whom no details are known, and contains the complete collection of the books of the Old and the New Testaments without prefaces. We know neither the person who ordered the work nor the first owner, unless it was Jan Záblacký himself. Nor can we determine with any accuracy the place where the bible was written, although at the end of the manuscript Záblacký mentions that he completed it on 9th April 1478 in Kamenice, though there are several towns and villages of that name in Bohemia and Moravia. The times recorded by Jan Záblacký for individual books of the bible are of interest and value, as they enable us to reconstruct the rate at which the scribe transcribed the bible text and the average daily amount of text transcribed.
This article provides a critical edition and exposition of several phrases from scholastic poems (or from two or four combined poems) with the incipit Ex fideli veterum scriptura cognovi (Walther, Initia No. 5984), whose authorship is ascribed to the protonotary of Václav IV., Vlachník of Weitmile († 1399), inspired by the intellectual atmosphere of the Prague Court.
This article presents the little known diary entries of the priest P. Václav Vojtěch Berenklau († 1699) primarily from the Kladruby period of his activities (1675-1677). An attempt is also made to compare his diary with a fragment from 1662-1663 of a priest's diary belonging to P. Jan Manner in Prague and the as yet largely unexamined diary specimens from the famous P. Bartoloměj Michal Zelenka from the time he was active in Brandýs nad Labem. In addition to these diaries, the diary is also compared with notes made by the distinguished Baroque preacher and writer O. F. De Waldt.
This article presents the little known diary entries of the priest P. Václav Vojtěch Berenklau († 1699) primarily from the Kladruby period of his activities (1675-1677). An attempt is also made to compare his diary with a fragment from 1662-1663 of a priest's diary belonging to P. Jan Manner in Prague and the as yet largely unexamined diary specimens from the famous P. Bartoloměj Michal Zelenka from the time he was active in Brandýs nad Labem. In addition to these diaries, the diary is also compared with notes made by the distinguished Baroque preacher and writer O. F. De Waldt.
This contribution deals with the manuscripts of the Wrocław University Library, in which works by the English reformer John Wyclif († 1384) are recorded. It shows that besides one known manuscript dating from the second half of the 15th century, Sg. IV F 7, and containing the work De universalibus, there are two copies of Wyclifˇs letter to the pope Urban VI (in the manuscripts dating from the first half of the 15th century, Sg. I F 594 and I F 707), and that in the former of the manuscripts mentioned a text dealing with the preparation for taking the Eucharist is recorded too, which otherwise survives in two Viennese manuscripts and is an item of the list of Wyclif´s works regarded as dubium. Moreover, the article mentions two Wyclifi an spuria (Sg. I F 733 and I F 570). All these copies came into being as marginalia of the reception of Wyclif´s work in Bohemia.
This contribution deals with the manuscripts of the Wrocław University Library, in which works by the English reformer John Wyclif († 1384) are recorded. It shows that besides one known manuscript dating from the second half of the 15th century, Sg. IV F 7, and containing the work De universalibus, there are two copies of Wyclifˇs letter to the pope Urban VI (in the manuscripts dating from the first half of the 15th century, Sg. I F 594 and I F 707), and that in the former of the manuscripts mentioned a text dealing with the preparation for taking the Eucharist is recorded too, which otherwise survives in two Viennese manuscripts and is an item of the list of Wyclif´s works regarded as dubium. Moreover, the article mentions two Wyclifi an spuria (Sg. I F 733 and I F 570). All these copies came into being as marginalia of the reception of Wyclif´s work in Bohemia.
Drought was induced in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes (ChK 3226 and ILC 3279) differing in yield capacity. Water stress (S1, RWC around 55-50%; S2, RWC ≤ 40%) drastically reduced stomatal conductance (g s) and net photosynthetic rate (PN) in both genotypes. ILC 3279 showed greater photosynthetic capacity
(Amax) decreases. Maximum PSII photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm), photochemical quenching (qP), total chlorophylls (Chls) and carotenoids (Cars) content showed stability in both genotypes under stress, but in S2 ILC 3279 presented an increase in basal fluorescence (F0) and a greater reduction in estimation of quantum yield of linear electron transport (Φe) than ChK 3226. Membrane damage evaluated by electrolyte leakage occurred earlier and was greater in ILC 3279. It also presented a decrease of total fatty acids (TFA) along drought, while in ChK 3226 greater amounts of TFA were observed in S1. In rehydration, PN of S1 plants completely recovered (ILC 3279) or remained slightly below control (ChK 3226). As regards S2 plants, ILC 3279 showed stronger PN and gs reductions than ChK 3226, despite both genotypes totally recovered Amax and chlorophyll (Chl) a fluorescence. ChK 3226 recovered more efficiently from membrane damage. Under control conditions, greater amounts of most of the studied soluble metabolites occurred in ChK 3226 plants. Malate and citrate decreased with water stress (S2) in both genotypes. Sucrose and pinitol (that had a higher concentration than sucrose in both genotypes) increased in ILC 3279 (S1 and S2), and decreased in ChK 3226 (S2). In ILC 3279 proline and asparagine followed similar patterns. Genotypes showed a similar shoot dry mass (DM) in control plants, but root DM was higher in ChK 3226. Drought reduced root and shoot DM in ChK 3226 already under S1, while in ILC 3279 root DM was unaffected by drought and shoot biomass decreased only in S2. Root/shoot ratio was always higher in ChK 3226 but tended to decrease under stress, while the opposite was observed in ILC 3279. No pods were obtained from control plants of both genotypes, or droughted ILC 3279 plants. ChK 3226 produced pods under S1 (higher yield) and S2. Under stress conditions, ChK 3226 was less affected in photosynthetic activity and membrane integrity, showing a better tolerance to drought. This agrees with the better yield of this genotype under water stress. Distinct strategies seem to underlie the different physiological responses of the two genotypes to water deficit. In spite of its significant solutes accumulation, ILC 3279 was more affected in photosynthetic activity and membrane integrity during water stress than ChK 3226, which showed better yield, under drought. A relation could not be established between solutes accumulation of ILC 3279 and yield., and M. C. Matos ... [et al.].
This study presents for the first time in detail two manuscripts dealing with the beginnings of the Unitas Fratrum which are in the holdings of the Benedictine Library in Seitenstetten in Austria. Manuscript 72, dating from the beginning of the nineties of the 15th century, contains Latin translations of five letters written by the Czech Brethren to Jan Rokycana from 1489, which have been unknown till now and excerpts from five introductory chapters of the Síť víry (The Net of Faith) by Petr Chelčický, also translated into Latin in 1477. Manuscript 302 contains a copy of the record of an interrogation of four prominent Brethren in Kłodzko in 1480. This article indicates the possibilities of studying these texts, focusing on three main points: on their possible contribution to text tradition research, on research of the circumstances of the origin of their translations, and on the person of the scribe who made the collection. From the possible persons the inquisitor Jindřich Institoris has been excluded as his autograph doesn´t correspond with the writing of the scribe being looked for.
This study presents for the first time in detail two manuscripts dealing with the beginnings of the Unitas Fratrum which are in the holdings of the Benedictine Library in Seitenstetten in Austria. Manuscript 72, dating from the beginning of the nineties of the 15th century, contains Latin translations of five letters written by the Czech Brethren to Jan Rokycana from 1489, which have been unknown till now and excerpts from five introductory chapters of the Síť víry (The Net of Faith) by Petr Chelčický, also translated into Latin in 1477. Manuscript 302 contains a copy of the record of an interrogation of four prominent Brethren in Kłodzko in 1480. This article indicates the possibilities of studying these texts, focusing on three main points: on their possible contribution to text tradition research, on research of the circumstances of the origin of their translations, and on the person of the scribe who made the collection. From the possible persons the inquisitor Jindřich Institoris has been excluded as his autograph doesn´t correspond with the writing of the scribe being looked for.
This paper deals with the reconstruction of the now longer preserved gallery of coats of arms at Roupov Castle (District of Klatovy, Western Bohemia) based on manuscripts XVII.A.8 and XVII. E. 28 a from the Czech National Library. Information from individual manuscripts was combined to form an image of probably the largest Czech family coat of arms gallery at the end of the 16th century containing a collection of coats of arms from 270 noblemen and noblewomen. The gallery probands are Jan Nezdický of Roupov († before 1607) and his two wives – Dorota Bezdružická of Kolovraty and Benigna of Švamberk. The paper draws attention to the utilization of hitherto neglected manuscript sources for research into displays of self-awareness among the privileged classes and it attempts to show the way in which the nobility used genealogical and heraldic means for representative purposes. Not least, these manuscripts are often the only source of information on genealogical and heraldic artefacts which are no longer in existence.
The history of the earliest Czech translation of the Bible begins in the 18th century´s last quarter by first studies about the Old Czech translation of the Bible by V. F. Durych and J. Dobrovský and it ends in springtime 2010 by publishing the last volume of the critical edition Staročeská Bible drážďanská a olomoucká (Old Czech Bible of Dresden and Olomouc). It took nearly 30 years to publish the complete edition.
The history of the earliest Czech translation of the Bible begins in the 18th century´s last quarter by first studies about the Old Czech translation of the Bible by V. F. Durych and J. Dobrovský and it ends in springtime 2010 by publishing the last volume of the critical edition Staročeská Bible drážďanská a olomoucká (Old Czech Bible of Dresden and Olomouc). It took nearly 30 years to publish the complete edition.
The article deals with manuscript XIII G 25 of the National Library of the Czech Republic, which contains an explanation of part of the Book of Psalms (109-118). The explanation is attributed to the Master of the Prague University and preacher in the Prague Bethlehem Chapel Václav of Dráchov (about 1395-1469). The author analyses the contents of the codex, the relationship between it and further manuscripts, its provenience and finally, the research results in this field are summarized.
The illuminated manuscripts in Zittau are only known to some extent. The two-volume Vesperale and Matutinale (A I, A VI) from the second decade of the fifteenth century was created for the Karlov Augustinian Monastery in Prague. The painted decoration is the work of the Master of the Hasenburg Missal, who represents the highest stage of fine style. The Missal of the Prague Diocese (A VII) is from the early fifteenth century. The decoration is the work of two illuminators, led by the Master of the Roudnice Psalter, although the share of the second illuminator - the Master of Paul's Gospel – is more extensive. Hitherto unknown is the Antiphonary (A IV) from the second decade of the fifteenth century. The small share of the primary illuminator is based on the Master of the Antwerp Bible. The Zittau Gradual (A III) is dated 1512; its primary illuminator was Janíček Zmilelý of Písek. The Gradual (A V) was created in 1435 for the parish church in Zittau by commander of the Commenda of Johannites Johann Gottfried von Goldbergu. The decoration was evidently created in Vratislav by the Master of the Bible of Banken. The Vesperal and Matutinal (A II) from the end of the fifteenth century was perhaps designated for the Commenda of Johannites in Zittau. The decoration is Saxon work.
The Municipal Library in Bautzen houses a lot of Czech manuscripts which are dealt with by special literature, but the illuminations of which are known very scarcely. The decoration of the collection of work by Jan Hus (Ms. fol. 51) can be narrowed to the middle of the 15th century; the present date of 1412 is based on an entry in fol. 137v and is untenable because it is the text, not the decoration which came into existence in this year. The depictions – the figural and the heraldic ones – were added to the manuscripts supplementally; it is probably a picture of Jan Hus mounting the pulpit and a coat of arms of a member of the Hroznata family, maybe of the Kladruby abbot Bušek of Vrtba or of the front warrior of the Catholic Side, Burian of Gutštejn. The collection of theological-juridical texts (Ms. fol. 56) contains moreover yearly records; only one text item (Řeči besední) can be attributed to Tomáš Štítný of Štítné. The decoration of the codex is limited only to one fi gural illumination and one ornamental initial. Its style is quite advanced; it can most likely be dated to the 1470s.
The Municipal Library in Bautzen houses a lot of Czech manuscripts which are dealt with by special literature, but the illuminations of which are known very scarcely. The decoration of the collection of work by Jan Hus (Ms. fol. 51) can be narrowed to the middle of the 15th century; the present date of 1412 is based on an entry in fol. 137v and is untenable because it is the text, not the decoration which came into existence in this year. The depictions – the figural and the heraldic ones – were added to the manuscripts supplementally; it is probably a picture of Jan Hus mounting the pulpit and a coat of arms of a member of the Hroznata family, maybe of the Kladruby abbot Bušek of Vrtba or of the front warrior of the Catholic Side, Burian of Gutštejn. The collection of theological-juridical texts (Ms. fol. 56) contains moreover yearly records; only one text item (Řeči besední) can be attributed to Tomáš Štítný of Štítné. The decoration of the codex is limited only to one fi gural illumination and one ornamental initial. Its style is quite advanced; it can most likely be dated to the 1470s.
Canonic law of the late middle ages considered the participation of the clerics in killing rather strictly. The Lateran Council 1215 established that a cleric was neither allowed to issue or declare a sentence of death nor to draft or write papers in connnection with it. The edition of the Apostolic Penitentiary Supplications Registers enables people to judge the situation in Bohemia in the period from the 1430´s to the end of the same century. In the examined period a very specifi c case of „complicity in killing“ appeared four times – a phenomenon connected with reading and writing knowledge peculiar to clerics. They read written orders and wrote for the needs of fighting sides. The argumentation is similar in all cases. Th e matter was always activity on command, resulting moreover from the specific condition of the person in question (the only literate, servant). He never participated in the fight actually. With regard to the volume of analogous scribe activity which can be supposed in the period in question, these four cases were certainly just a small fragment of the actual participation of clerics. The situation in Bohemia is doubtlessly specific because of the fact that utraquist disciples and clerics who wrote in the hussite services of course didn´t appeal to the Penitentiary. Nevertheless it must be supposed that the Penitentiary solved similar cases even in the Czech catholic environment only exceptionally.
Canonic law of the late middle ages considered the participation of the clerics in killing rather strictly. The Lateran Council 1215 established that a cleric was neither allowed to issue or declare a sentence of death nor to draft or write papers in connnection with it. The edition of the Apostolic Penitentiary Supplications Registers enables people to judge the situation in Bohemia in the period from the 1430´s to the end of the same century. In the examined period a very specifi c case of „complicity in killing“ appeared four times – a phenomenon connected with reading and writing knowledge peculiar to clerics. They read written orders and wrote for the needs of fighting sides. The argumentation is similar in all cases. Th e matter was always activity on command, resulting moreover from the specific condition of the person in question (the only literate, servant). He never participated in the fight actually. With regard to the volume of analogous scribe activity which can be supposed in the period in question, these four cases were certainly just a small fragment of the actual participation of clerics. The situation in Bohemia is doubtlessly specific because of the fact that utraquist disciples and clerics who wrote in the hussite services of course didn´t appeal to the Penitentiary. Nevertheless it must be supposed that the Penitentiary solved similar cases even in the Czech catholic environment only exceptionally.
Comparison of one of the commentaries on the Apocalypse which originated at the Prague University and is contained in the manuscript Osek Cist. 37 of the Prague National Library, ff . 1–129, coming from Osek, dating from 1402 and used to this day by experts, with a copy of the same work in the manuscript I Q 16 of the University Library in Wroclaw, created 1378, has excluded the hitherto assumed authorship of Heřman Švab of Mindelheim, as well as the authorship of Heřman of Prague, assumed, not beyond doubt, by Fr. Stegmüller. Temporal relationship and the data of the colophones of both of these preserved manuscripts lead to the conclusion that the author of this Commentary is an other „Doctor Heřman“, Heřman of Winterswick, a member of the Prague university who composed the Commentary sometime in the late seventies of the 14th century.
Comparison of one of the commentaries on the Apocalypse which originated at the Prague University and is contained in the manuscript Osek Cist. 37 of the Prague National Library, ff . 1–129, coming from Osek, dating from 1402 and used to this day by experts, with a copy of the same work in the manuscript I Q 16 of the University Library in Wroclaw, created 1378, has excluded the hitherto assumed authorship of Heřman Švab of Mindelheim, as well as the authorship of Heřman of Prague, assumed, not beyond doubt, by Fr. Stegmüller. Temporal relationship and the data of the colophones of both of these preserved manuscripts lead to the conclusion that the author of this Commentary is an other „Doctor Heřman“, Heřman of Winterswick, a member of the Prague university who composed the Commentary sometime in the late seventies of the 14th century.
After a historic introduction the author deals with the manuscript of the Museum of Western Bohemia in Pilsen (5 MA 11). The manuscript entitled „Inventarium Bibliothecae Archidiaconatus Plsnensis“ came into being at the Pilsen archdean Jan Václav Emerich´s instance. Emerich wrote the book in part (ff . 51r, 54v) himself and in part (ff . 52r–54v) got an unknown scribe (X) to do so. Should an edition of the book be prepared, the complete text by the scribe (X) on ff . 52r–54v will be decisive. This scribe wrote – maybe by mistake.
After a historic introduction the author deals with the manuscript of the Museum of Western Bohemia in Pilsen (5 MA 11). The manuscript entitled „Inventarium Bibliothecae Archidiaconatus Plsnensis“ came into being at the Pilsen archdean Jan Václav Emerich´s instance. Emerich wrote the book in part (ff . 51r, 54v) himself and in part (ff . 52r–54v) got an unknown scribe (X) to do so. Should an edition of the book be prepared, the complete text by the scribe (X) on ff . 52r–54v will be decisive. This scribe wrote – maybe by mistake.
This article deals with the manuscripts of Bonaventura´s Breviloquium held in Czech manuscript collections. The author compares data available from the list of these manuscripts in Opera omnia V (Quaracchi-Florentia 1891) with data from catalogues of individual manuscript collections to make the number of the manuscripts preserved in our libraries more accurate. He recommends the manuscripts themselves should be dealt with to obtain more precise data.
This article deals with the manuscripts of Bonaventura´s Breviloquium held in Czech manuscript collections. The author compares data available from the list of these manuscripts in Opera omnia V (Quaracchi-Florentia 1891) with data from catalogues of individual manuscript collections to make the number of the manuscripts preserved in our libraries more accurate. He recommends the manuscripts themselves should be dealt with to obtain more precise data.
In the culminating and late middle ages funny scenes, the so called drôleries, appear in the borders of illuminated manuscripts. Th eir problems are not explained completely; they seem to contain hidden spiritual meanings. Besides singing birds, which are symbols of the unearthly sphere, fi gures appear most oft en who were taken as negative in middle-ages – owls, apes, beasts of prey, dragons, and clowns. Th e fi gures of antique mythology were perceived as negative too; the cults connected with them were perceived as demoniacism by the Christian society. Drôleries are usually placed in borders which are decorated with an acanth. Th e acanth in time became a symbol of victory over death. It can be also interpreted as Christ´s crown of thorns. In this way the spirit of medieval symbolism indicated that negative forces are driven to the margin and defeated by Christ´s victim.
In the culminating and late middle ages funny scenes, the so called drôleries, appear in the borders of illuminated manuscripts. Th eir problems are not explained completely; they seem to contain hidden spiritual meanings. Besides singing birds, which are symbols of the unearthly sphere, fi gures appear most oft en who were taken as negative in middle-ages – owls, apes, beasts of prey, dragons, and clowns. Th e fi gures of antique mythology were perceived as negative too; the cults connected with them were perceived as demoniacism by the Christian society. Drôleries are usually placed in borders which are decorated with an acanth. Th e acanth in time became a symbol of victory over death. It can be also interpreted as Christ´s crown of thorns. In this way the spirit of medieval symbolism indicated that negative forces are driven to the margin and defeated by Christ´s victim.
The contribution deals with the Tractatus de ordine stellarum fixarum (Prague, National Library, XXVI A 3, c. 1405, fol. 1r–48r). Chosen parts of this text containing ancient star myths are edited here, translated into Czech and compared with Hyginus’ treatise De astronomia for the first time.
The contribution deals with the Tractatus de ordine stellarum fixarum (Prague, National Library, XXVI A 3, c. 1405, fol. 1r–48r). Chosen parts of this text containing ancient star myths are edited here, translated into Czech and compared with Hyginus’ treatise De astronomia for the first time.
This article is the first to publish a versified pamphlet with the incipit De sancto Stephano Symon celebro male sano (Walther, Initia, no. 4155). The author sees in its 166 verses two pamphlets: the first targets a Constance priest from St Stephen's, Simon Lind, and was evidently composed in Constance some June after 1300, while the second targeting an unknown Simon, was composed some 18th October. The author believes that this double-pamphlet was included in Summa recreatorum by its unknown author, who was perhaps working to the order of Albrecht of Šternberk, as part of the struggle between himself and Petr Jelito for the favour of Charles IV and the associated ecclesiastical posts. The Summa was not drawn up for the death of Charles, soon after which followed that of Albrecht of Šternberk. Hence its ongoing composition must be put down to the 1370s.
This article is the first to publish a versified pamphlet with the incipit De sancto Stephano Symon celebro male sano (Walther, Initia, no. 4155). The author sees in its 166 verses two pamphlets: the first targets a Constance priest from St Stephen's, Simon Lind, and was evidently composed in Constance some June after 1300, while the second targeting an unknown Simon, was composed some 18th October. The author believes that this double-pamphlet was included in Summa recreatorum by its unknown author, who was perhaps working to the order of Albrecht of Šternberk, as part of the struggle between himself and Petr Jelito for the favour of Charles IV and the associated ecclesiastical posts. The Summa was not drawn up for the death of Charles, soon after which followed that of Albrecht of Šternberk. Hence its ongoing composition must be put down to the 1370s.
The Franciscan Library at St. Mary of the Snow in Prague holds a manuscript of a Kadaň Town Chronicle not quoted by special literature till now. The manuscript dates from the end of the 16th century and describes the history of the town from its origin in the year 829 – this part was overtaken from the Chronicle by Václav Hájek of Libočany – untill the days of its author, till the year 1599.
The Franciscan Library at St. Mary of the Snow in Prague holds a manuscript of a Kadaň Town Chronicle not quoted by special literature till now. The manuscript dates from the end of the 16th century and describes the history of the town from its origin in the year 829 – this part was overtaken from the Chronicle by Václav Hájek of Libočany – untill the days of its author, till the year 1599.
This article focuses on the Latin work Herbarius by M. Cristannus of Prachatice († 1439) and its manuscript tradition. It brings an uptodated inventory of the manuscripts containing Cristannus´s herbarium (it presents primarily the record of the Herbarius in the work Confundarium maius by Matouš Beran in the manuscript I E 35 of the Prague National Library, ff . 61r –92v.) The author tries to outline the relationship between the five important manuscripts of the Herbarius which contain two rather different redactions of this famous work.
This article focuses on the Latin work Herbarius by M. Cristannus of Prachatice († 1439) and its manuscript tradition. It brings an uptodated inventory of the manuscripts containing Cristannus´s herbarium (it presents primarily the record of the Herbarius in the work Confundarium maius by Matouš Beran in the manuscript I E 35 of the Prague National Library, ff . 61r –92v.) The author tries to outline the relationship between the five important manuscripts of the Herbarius which contain two rather different redactions of this famous work.
This article analyses six Northitalian Dominican liturgical codices with musical notation held by the Archbishop Library of the Kroměříž Castle which were bought in Vienna by Theodor Kohn, the archbishop of Olomouc, in 1895. Three of them are antiphonaries, three psalteries which bring evidence of the musical state of liturgy in the Lombardian Dominican Province from the 14th century´s first decennies until the 18th century. Four of them (nrs. 1–4) are valuable documents of the Northitalian illumination of the 14th – 17th centuries of Bononian and Ferrara´s circuits.
This article analyses six Northitalian Dominican liturgical codices with musical notation held by the Archbishop Library of the Kroměříž Castle which were bought in Vienna by Theodor Kohn, the archbishop of Olomouc, in 1895. Three of them are antiphonaries, three psalteries which bring evidence of the musical state of liturgy in the Lombardian Dominican Province from the 14th century´s first decennies until the 18th century. Four of them (nrs. 1–4) are valuable documents of the Northitalian illumination of the 14th – 17th centuries of Bononian and Ferrara´s circuits.
This article deals with the ex-Capuchin, chaplain and later parson at the Brno parish church of St James, P. Maurus Simonis (*1740-†1815) and his catalogue of the manuscript library which came into being in the Middle Ages, was permanently maintained at the church and only in 1931 did it become a part of the Brno City Archives. The manuscripts – 125 codices – serve as valuable evidence of book culture in medieval Brno. The definitive catalogue was compiled in 1805, while its first "critical" version, which does not include all manuscripts, dates from 1802. On the evidence of numerous specimens, our paper analyses the way of describing of external features – watermarks, writing, decoration and binding – as well as the content of individual codices, and it compares the work of P. Simonis with the previously unofficial conclusions of the modern catalogue which is currently at the printers.