The article defends the possibility of using evolutionary schemes in historical sciences, as models for interpreting cultural-historical changes. It points out the possibilities for maintaining certain space within master narratives for explaining the theories of partial developmental processes. The demographic data could, then, be used as hypothetical indicators of the processes of cultural-historical change., Jan Horský., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Příspěvek pojednává o využití výpočetní techniky ve fyzikálních vědách, speciálně o aplikaci evolučních algoritmů v problematice deterministického chaosu. V obou ukázkových studiích jsou použity jak klasické evoluční algoritmy, tak algoritmy moderní. Veškeré údaje byly získány mnohonásobně opakovanými simulacemi, jejichž výsledky jasně poukazují na robustnost a životaschopnost použitých metod. Získaná řešení a postupy k nim vedoucí uvedené v článku jsou diskutovány pouze na úrovni informativního charakteru; pro nastudování plného popisu jsou na konci příspěvku uvedeny potřebné odkazy., Ivan Zelinka, Roman Šenkeřík, Zuzana Oplatková., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The study dealt with the problem of the other European identity as reflected in the English travel writing of the seventeenth century. The crucial question was if any coherent whole, in cultural terms, was distinguished on the mental map of the 17th century English traveller in the area of “Trans-Rhenic Europe”. The mental map was understood here as a sort of image which is not related to sensory experience. It is considered as Creative construction of unknown based on what was read, what was heard, and on past experience. The viewpoints defining units and drawing borders were of cultural character. Firstly, it was interested in traveller’s division of known and unknown Europe. Secondly, it was looking for the borders of learned part of Europe drawn on the traveller’s mental map. Thirdly, it was focused on characteristics of people given by travellers. Finally, the borders of “civilization” and “barbarism” on the mental map of a 17th century traveller were questioned.