In juvenile trees growing at the rainforest understory, light is the most limiting factor for growth. It has been assumed that stomata quickly respond to light irrespective of the physical conditions prevailing before leaf illumination. Nevertheless, so far this issue has not been addressed for saplings of Amazonian tree species. The aim of this study was to determine how stomatal conductance (gs) and photosynthetic parameters of Amazonian saplings respond to diurnal variation in the physical environment and to rainfall seasonality. Light-saturated net photosynthetic rate (PNmax) and gs at light saturation (gsmax) were measured in the dry (August) and rainy (January) season of 2008 in saplings of 10 Amazonian tree species (Minquartia guianensis, Myrcia paivae, Protium apiculatum, Guatteria olivacea, Unonopsis duckei, Rinorea guianensis, Dicypellium manausense, Eschweilera bracteosa, Gustavia elliptica, and Tapura amazonica). At the forest understory, variables of the physical environment were measured. Rainfall seasonality did not affect PNmax and gsmax, nor was the effect of species on PNmax and gsmax significant (p>0.05). The gs and PNmax increased as the forest understory became brighter and warmer; as a result, PNmax and gsmax were higher at midday than early in the morning or in the afternoon. However, contrary to expectations, neither changes in air vapor pressure deficit nor air CO2 concentration at the forest understory affected stomatal opening. More investigation is needed to elucidate the role of environmental factors in modulating stomatal movements in juvenile trees growing beneath the dense canopy of tropical rainforests., R. A. Marenco, H. C. S. Nascimento, N. S. Magalhães., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The mechanisms of capsicum growth in response to differential light availabilities are still not well elucidated. Hereby, we analyzed differential light availabilities on the relationship between stomatal characters and leaf growth, as well as photosynthetic performance. We used either 450-500 µmol m-2 s-1 as high light (HL) or 80-100 µmol m-2 s-1 as low light (LL) as treatments for two different cultivars. Our results showed that the stomatal density (SD) and stomatal index (SI) increased along with the leaf area expansion until the peak of the correlation curve, and then decreased. SD and SI were lower under the LL condition after three days of leaf expansion. For both cultivars, downregulation of photosynthesis and electron transport components was observed in LL-grown plants as indicated by lower light- and CO2-saturated photosynthetic rate (Pmax and RuBPmax), quantum efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry (ΦPSII), electron transport rate (ETR) and photochemical quenching of fluorescence (qp). The observed inhibition of the photosynthesis could be explained by the decrease of SD, SI, Rubisco content and by the changes of the chloroplast. The low light resulted in lower total biomass, root/shoot ratio, and the thickness of the leaf decreased. However, the specific leaf area (SLA) and the content of leaf pigments were higher in
LL-treatment. Variations in the photosynthetic characteristics of capsicum grown under different light conditions reflected the physiological adaptations to the changing light environments. and Q. S. Fu ... [et al.].
Stomatal responses of attached bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) leaves to changing spectral composition ("white" - WL., blue - BL, or red - RL radiation), air humidity (100 % or about 4 % RH), and water potential of the root medium (close to 0 or -1.2 MPa) were determined by air flow porometer. Opening of stomata always increased under BL and decreased under RL. In response to decline in air humidity, leaf conductance showed transient increase before it reached lowered steady state. BL enhanced and RL diminished this response. and S. Maleszewski ... [et al.].
The Krnov Town Museum collections include two medieval manuscripts – a Latin Bible and a German gospel postilla by Nikolaus von Dinkelbühl. Neither manuscript has previously been known to specialist circles. The Bible contains the text of the Latin Vulgate with prologues on most books of the Bible, and it was completed in 1433 by an unknown scribe. From the ownership notes and monograms it was possible to ascertain that its owner was in the second half of the fifteenth century the administrator of the Utraquist Consistory and Chancellor of Prague University Václav Koranda the Younger. The number of manuscripts known today preserved from Koranda's library has come to forty. The Bible was acquired by the museum collections from the Minorite Monastery Library in Krnov in the early 1950s. The second medieval manuscript is the German gospel postilla by Nikolaus von Dinkelsbühl, which is the only known example of this work housed in Czech libraries.
The Krnov Town Museum collections include two medieval manuscripts – a Latin Bible and a German gospel postilla by Nikolaus von Dinkelbühl. Neither manuscript has previously been known to specialist circles. The Bible contains the text of the Latin Vulgate with prologues on most books of the Bible, and it was completed in 1433 by an unknown scribe. From the ownership notes and monograms it was possible to ascertain that its owner was in the second half of the fifteenth century the administrator of the Utraquist Consistory and Chancellor of Prague University Václav Koranda the Younger. The number of manuscripts known today preserved from Koranda's library has come to forty. The Bible was acquired by the museum collections from the Minorite Monastery Library in Krnov in the early 1950s. The second medieval manuscript is the German gospel postilla by Nikolaus von Dinkelsbühl, which is the only known example of this work housed in Czech libraries.
The library of the Counts von Manderscheid-Blankenheim at Blankenheim Castle vas established in the 1470s and closed after Napoleon's army invaded the Rhineland in 1794. The last owner of the castle, Augusta von Sternberg-Manderscheid, probably took some of the books to the Sternberg Palace in Prague. After the sale of the Sternberg library in 1830, it was incorporated into the Lobkowicz princes Prague palace library, with which it was incorporated into the National Library of the Czech Republic fonds in 1928. The present study presents the results of research into the manuscript fonds of the Prague Lobkowicz library, which was based on the discovered Lobkowicz list of purchased Sternberg manuscripts. It presents a total of seven manuscripts of Blankenheim origin from the first half of the 13th century to the first half of the 16th century.
The Latin treatise De amore (s. XII/XIII) by Andreas Capellanus has repeatedly presented a challenge to research because of the heterogeneity of its form and contents. The numerous interpretations of this elusive work base themselves on the single edition by Emil Trojel from 1892 which does not convey a representative account of the rich and complex transmission of the text. An important part of this contribution is, thus, to elucidate both the transmission history of De amore and relevant questions for research. The main focus will be an analysis of the textual version of De amore in the aforementioned Prague manuscript (1471–1481) and its formal-structural transformation, its codicological surroundings as well as its cultural context. This late-medieval textual witness suggests, on every level of the text, significant emendations to the textual form as presented by Trojel. By means of radical truncations and a prominent restructuring, new intratextual connections are created: a reinforced edifying function, an ambition for a general validity, and tendencies concerning structuring and systematizing clearly appear to be the new principles for the shaping of the text. In the Prague manuscript, De amore is copied between contemporary Humanist treatises whose contextualisation will be presented as the source of further thoughts on literary history. The contribution will be rounded off by means of an up-to-date comprehensive list of the manuscript transmission of De amore, a comparative table of the different structurings of the text, and a new description of the Prague manuscript.
The Latin treatise De amore (s. XII/XIII) by Andreas Capellanus has repeatedly presented a challenge to research because of the heterogeneity of its form and contents. The numerous interpretations of this elusive work base themselves on the single edition by Emil Trojel from 1892 which does not convey a representative account of the rich and complex transmission of the text. An important part of this contribution is, thus, to elucidate both the transmission history of De amore and relevant questions for research. The main focus will be an analysis of the textual version of De amore in the aforementioned Prague manuscript (1471–1481) and its formal-structural transformation, its codicological surroundings as well as its cultural context. This late-medieval textual witness suggests, on every level of the text, significant emendations to the textual form as presented by Trojel. By means of radical truncations and a prominent restructuring, new intratextual connections are created: a reinforced edifying function, an ambition for a general validity, and tendencies concerning structuring and systematizing clearly appear to be the new principles for the shaping of the text. In the Prague manuscript, De amore is copied between contemporary Humanist treatises whose contextualisation will be presented as the source of further thoughts on literary history. The contribution will be rounded off by means of an up-to-date comprehensive list of the manuscript transmission of De amore, a comparative table of the different structurings of the text, and a new description of the Prague manuscript.
The Latin treatise De amore (s. XII/XIII) by Andreas Capellanus has repeatedly presented a challenge to research because of the heterogeneity of its form and contents. The numerous interpretations of this elusive work base themselves on the single edition by Emil Trojel from 1892 which does not convey a representative account of the rich and complex transmission of the text. An important part of this contribution is, thus, to elucidate both the transmission history of De amore and relevant questions for research. The main focus will be an analysis of the textual version of De amore in the aforementioned Prague manuscript (1471–1481) and its formal-structural transformation, its codicological surroundings as well as its cultural context. This late-medieval textual witness suggests, on every level of the text, significant emendations to the textual form as presented by Trojel. By means of radical truncations and a prominent restructuring, new intratextual connections are created: a reinforced edifying function, an ambition for a general validity, and tendencies concerning structuring and systematizing clearly appear to be the new principles for the shaping of the text. In the Prague manuscript, De amore is copied between contemporary Humanist treatises whose contextualisation will be presented as the source of further thoughts on literary history. The contribution will be rounded off by means of an up-to-date comprehensive list of the manuscript transmission of De amore, a comparative table of the different structurings of the text, and a new description of the Prague manuscript.
The plenarium of Načeradec belongs to the ten eldest diocesan missals which have been preserved in Bohemia and Moravia. It can be dated to the second decade of the 14th century according to its script and decoration. Only a small part of the ordinarium and de tempore of the proper missal have been preserved. The original calendar was substituted for a new one at the beginning of the 15th century. Municipal scribes recorded in the free margins of the codex a series of memorial entries which became a pretious source of knowledge of the everyday life in the second half of the 16th and in the first half of the 17th centuries.