The long-term mortality conditions in Slovakia significantly lagged for demographically most advanced European countries. Mortality is one of the two main demographic processes which in the context of demographic transition undergone significant changes. The interbellum period constitutted for the population development and reproductive behaviour in Slovakia one of the most important developmental period. it is the period in which continued and deepened considerably significant quantitative and qualitative changes in the process of mortality. The aim of this paper is to analyze intensity and character of mortality in Slovakia in interwar period and to describe their changes and development. Special attention is paid to the level and character of infant mortality, differential analysis by age, sex, nationality, religion and causes of death., Branislav Šprocha, Pavol Tišliar., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The Centre of Global Studies - a joint workplace of the Institute of Philosophy at the Academy of Sciences and the Faculty of Philosophy at Charles University in Prague - is focused expecially on an intercultural dialog. Its last conference brought many contributions to a discussion on Indonesia. and Martin Hrubec.
The agenda setting function of mass media became one of the most pervasive concept examining long term eff ects of mass media on society. Meanwhile most of the media scholars works have focused on the relationships of media agenda and public agenda in the last thirty years, there is lack of empirical works dealing with aspects of agenda building process so far, above all aspects concerning mutual infl uences of various media contents. Presented paper examine intermedia agenda setting of Czech national media. Based on quantitative content analysis it search the regular patterns of “media quoting other media” and contexts in which media refer to other media as a source of information., Tomáš Trampota, Vlastimil Nečas., and Seznam literatury
The article deals with developments of the Internet elections project in Norway. The project for the time being peaked with the 2011 municipal and regional elections, in which voters in ten municipalities were entitled to cast their votes over the Internet. The article firstly analyses Internet elections pilot projects and discusses results of surveys focused on key preconditions of the Internet elections within the framework of the digital divide concept. Furthermore, the article is concerned with results of the Internet elections in terms of several key variables: ratio of those, who cast their vote over the Internet depending ontheirplace of residence, party preferences and age. In spite of a high level of Internet penetration in Norway surveys and the Norwegian Internet elections have confirmed existence of two sub-types of digital divide: social divide and democratic divide., Miloš Brunclík., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The right to end an unwanted pregnancy as an integral part of the full citizenship of women has been influenced, reinfluenced, and questioned by different actors in the Czech Republic since the 1950s. Until 1986 the right to abortion was not viewed as a woman’s personal right, but depended upon the decision of abortion commissions and was influenced by the current demographic and political situation. The decision-making process was a very embarrassing experience for many women, who in fact had no other means of contraception available to them. In this paper, I analyse the legal and political regulation of abortion from the perspective of Foucault´s theory of governmentality and biopower. Abortion regulation is an example of how state power influences and disciplines the bodies of its subjects, how it regulates the population and shapes it according to the government’s needs. Through the regulation of abortion, the state not only attempted to restrict a woman’s right to make decisions about her own body, but also defined which of its citizens should or should not become a parent and under what circumstances, and who should or should not have the right to be born. In the text I first present the theory of governmentality, then I analyse the periods of the regulation of abortion in socialist Czechoslovakia, and finally I show how this regulation can be understood as an instrument of a specific form of governmentality typical of totalitarian communist regime., Radka Dudová., Obsahuje bibliografii, and Anglické resumé
The intersectional perspective represents, in Czech sociology, an untapped opportunity to examine the interaction between the different lines of inequality in the process of constantly changing social structure. This article aims to enrich current Czech sociological research in two ways. Firstly, it analyses and describes the impacts of the economic crisis on labour market relations in the Czech Republic. Secondly, it applies the intersectional perspective in a quantitative analysis of structural inequalities. In this perspective, we analyse the changing structure of the labour market between 2008 and 2012 at the intersection of gender, class (education), age and parenthood, using statistical indicators. Moreover, we use event-history analysis to capture the risk of job loss in the first phase of the crisis (2008–2010). Our analysis shows that the economic crisis deepened existing inequalities in the labour market, further differentiated female labour market prospects by educational attainment, especially in interaction with parenthood, and also rapidly deteriorated the labour market situation of men with low education, including fathers of small children., Alena Křížková, Lenka Formánková., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The article deals with relationships between human capital and social capital. Often is mentioned that presence of social capital is key condition of success investment in human capital. The article presents opposite view - investments in human capital are necessary condition investments in social capital (at least in individual social capital). The three main form of social capital (bonding, bridging and linking social capital) are described at it is shown when generating each form can generate individuals profit and utility - in each case individuals must also invest in their human capital. Investments in human capital can also respond to the situation when investments in social capital become obsolete or devalue., Petr Wawrosz, Herbet Heissler., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Prior to analysing and comparing delinquent groups of youths at the international level, it is necessary to create a definition of this phenomenon: what is a gang? Definitions of what constitutes a juvenile gang within comparative research are invariably general in nature; and their subsequent operationalisation in empirical research constrains research about gang membership in specific contexts. This article argues that the ‘Eurogang’ definition employed in the second wage of International Self-Report Delinquency (ISRD) Study has a number of potential weaknesses; and this study offers a solution by proposing a revised gang definition for the Czech Republic, Germany, Austria and Switzerland. and Eva Moravcová.