The transition between foraging and farming represents one of the most discussed topics in human history. This study deals with demographic aspects of farming spread in Central Europe (6th millenium BC). On the theoretical and empirical level and on the basis of demographic modelling, we argue that both south-eastern farmers and local foragers participated on the establishment of farming communities in Central Europe., Patrik Galeta, Jaroslav Brůžek., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The present study focuses on the problem of the development of mortality in the parish of St. Anne in Cheb (Eger) in the years 1787-1901. On the basis of excertped parish registers of the dead were ascertained the numbers of dead, the gross mortality rate, average life duration, mortality of newborns and children, aseasonal oscillations, and also the analysis of the causes of death was realized., Jana Kolouchová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The present article presents the population of the parish of Stařeč at the very end of the Old Demographic Regime. The main part of the article is based on the analysis of the data obtained from the study of the registers of the births, deaths and marriages. The parish Stařeč was chosen as representing the territory where has so far not been realized a thourough study of the development of population in the nineteenth century. This part of the Bohemian - Moravian borderlands belonged to the mostly agricultural regions, at the same time, however, with successfully developing light industry. Its inhabitants lived exclusively in the villages and small towns and were predominantly of Czech nationality. The parish was large enough to render the demographical analysis of the data meaningful., Vendula Krausová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Peter J. Richerson and Robert Boyd, whose theory is discussed in the present article, are convinced that culture is, also from the point of view of biological evolutionary theory, an adaptive system that, however, could lead also to maladaptive behavior. The authors consider the present day decrease (or, rather, downswing) of fertility to be a prominent example of maladaptive behavior. The present study discusses this theory from the point of view of historical demography and cultural history. It discusses the suitability of the criteria of maladaptation and stressed the fact that the decrease of fertility can be considered, until certain degree, an adaptive behavior (increasing the fitness)., Jan Horský., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The article resumes the foreign research focused on the problem of orphaned thildren in the village throughout the Early Modern Era and the nineteenth century. The aim of the article was to evaluate the present-day state of research and its factual and me-thodological importance for Czech study of the same topic., Markéta Skořepová., and Obsahuje seznam literatury