The surface surveys over the Mohelno highland plateau microregion, bordered by Oslava River to the north and Jihlava River to the south, have a long tradition with many resultant collections. Part of those collections that were available for study to the authors (including their own fi nds) were reanalyzed. Generally, this microregion is distinctive due to its specifi c Early Upper Paleolithic industry (or industry from the Middle to Upper Paleolithic transitional period) combining Levallois technique and bifacial reduction. Although the association of these two components is an important question for current archeology, the material from this microregion cannot be used for addressing this question because the collections are from surface scatters so the level of assemblage homogeneity and chronological control cannot be established. Although the local Krumlovský les-type chert dominates the raw material spectra, imports of Stránská skála-type chert and radiolarite also occur. Other raw materials include local siliceous weathering products, Cretaceous spongolite chert and rock crystal. In addition, Aurignacian occupation (with prevailing erratic fl int in raw material spectra) was documented at one site, supplemented by several isolated finds., Petr Škrdla ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Ořechov IV je lokalita bohunicienu ležící v Bobravské vrchovině, přibližně 7 km jihozápadně od Bohunic, tedy již mimo vlastní brněnskou kotlinu. Po mnoho let (od objevu na počátku 20. století) byla známá jako povrchová lokalita, v průběhu několika posledních let na ní však byla objevena dvě místa s intaktními situacemi. Poloha byla zřejmě opakovaně osídlována na počátku mladého paleolitu, a představuje tak palimpsest. Předběžné analýzy naznačují přítomnost mladého bohunicienu, který se chronologicky i technologicky odlišuje od dosud známých lokalit bohunicienu v Bohunicích a na Stránské skále. and Ořechov IV is a Bohunician site in the Bobrava Upland, approximately 7 km south-west of Bohunice and outside of the Brno Basin. It was known as a surface site ever since the first artefacts were discovered there at the beginning of the 20th century. Two locations with stratified cultural contexts were discovered recently. This site was probably visited by Paleolithic people on different occasions throughout the Upper Paleolithic period resulting in a palimpsest. Preliminary analyses suggest the presence of a Late Bohunician industry that can be differentiated chronologically and technologically from the Bohunician occupation at Bohunice and Stránská Skála.
The territory of Moravia is well known for its high density of Early Upper Paleolithic sites. However, the majority of sites are surface sites lacking chrono-stratigraphic data. To further our understanding of the technological development, and replacement of Neanderthals by Anatomically Modern Humans between 50-40 kya, necessitates the discovery of new stratified sites. We implemented a project aimed at discovering new EUP sites with intact sediments. Central part the Bobrava Highland is an important EUP microregion and is located on the southwestern margin of the Brno Basin. We relocated almost all previously published sites in the area and conducted surface surveys in an attempt to discover additional surface sites. At each site we recorded the artifact clusters in absolute coordinates, and searched for potential artifacts in the intact sediments, often along the edges of surface artifact clusters. We have located intact sediments at four sites previously recorded as surface sites. We found in situ artifacts at two of the sites. The developed and successfully tested survey strategy may have potential application for surveys in other microregions., Petr Škrdla ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The Middle to Upper Paleolithic (MP/Up) transitional period and the question of a replacement of Neanderthals by Anatomically Modern Humans is a crucial question in current Archaeology and ANthropology. However, without the discovery and excavation of new Early Upper Paleolithic (EUP) sites, no progress in the issue of the MP/UP transitional period in the Middle Danube Region would be possible. The systematic and repeated surface surveys on the site of Tvarožná-Za školou (Fig. 2) resulted in an important Bohunician artifact assemblage. Among the important features of thsi assemblage is an equal ratio of Stránska skála type adn Krumlovský les type cherts, which are supplemented by non-specified Moravian Jurassic cherts, Cretaceous spongolite cherts, radiolarite, and erratic flint. The industry is characterized by the absence of bifacial reduciton and the application of Levalloisian technology on all recognized types of raw material. Because the test pits excavated during 2006-2008 yielded arfifact within intact sediments, a larger and more complex excavation was realized during summer 2008 and a continuation is planned for 2010. The straifiied collection from Tvarožhná will contribute to the knowledge about the EUP in MOravia by clarifying the chronology and homogeneity/heterogenity of Bohunician collections (cf. hypothesis in Tostevin, Škrdla 2006). Another important issue is the cmoparison of the surface and excavated collection from the same site. While the surface collection was already published (Škrdla 2007), this arcitcle presents field results and preliminary interpretations from the 2008 season., Petr Škrdla ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje seznam literatury