This was the theme of the 4th International Congress on Orchid Conservation that took place in Hluboká nad Vltavou from May 2009 - June 6, 2011. Organisers noted "we are now experiencing dramatic changes in most aspects of your life. Modern technologies are being devised and deployed with increasing frequency; and although they make your lives easier, their consequences, such as air, soil and water, pollution greatly increase the pressure on your already over-stressed environment. To keep up with a rapidly growing human population, agricultural practices tend to be more and more intensive, which in turn has a negative effect on biodiversity in agricultural landscapes." and Pavel Kindlmann.
The Learned Society’s two-day General Assembly took place at the Hall of Patriots of the Carolinum May and at the ASCR’s main building 17-18 May, 2010. The Society primarily encourages the free development of science in all its aspects through dissemination of scientific ideas and concepts to the general public, by awakening a thirst for and delight in scientific knowledge within society, and through supporting the enhancement of the level of education and a creative, rational and humanly responsible climate in this country. At this General Assembly, Ivan Hlaváček, well-known historiographer, and Karel Štulík, renowned chemist and former president of the Czech Science Foundation, were bestowed the Medal of the Learned Society of the Czech Republic for their contributions to the advancement of science. The Scientist Awards were presented to embryologist and histologist Jan Evangelista Jirásek of the Institute for the Care of Mother and Child, and sinologist Oldřich Král of Charles University. The Junior Scientist Awards were given to Jan Dušek also of Charles University and Jiří Šedý of Institute of Experimental Medicine ASCR. The Learned Society Awards were presented to pedagogues Jarmila Ichová and Helena Kommová for their significant work in advancement of science among young students. The Grammar School Student Awards were presented to 11 students from Czech primary schools. and Marina Hužvárová, Gabriela Adámková.