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32. Multiagentní modelování v sociologii: úvod do tématu

Creator:
Krčková, Anna
Format:
print
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
sociologie, sociology, Multi-agent modelling, agent-based modelling, social simulation, 18, and 316
Language:
Czech
Description:
The purpose of this article is to introduce multi-agent modelling as an area of research that has developed rapidly in sociology over the last fifteen years. This article starts by outlining some characteristics of multi-agent modelling and then covers the history of sociological component of complexity science. In the following part, the fundamental concepts used in multi-agent modelling such as model, agent, environment and emergence are defined. Thereafter, the article focuses on the application of multi-agent modelling in sociology and identifies specific areas where it might be used productively. An illustrative example of a multi-agent model called ‘Slumulation’ that explores how slums emerge in the city is described. Finally, the advantages and limits of this approach are summarized., Anna Krčková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

33. Multiagentní modelování: budování modelu segregace krok za krokem

Creator:
František Kalvas
Format:
počítač and online zdroj
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
počítačové modelování, rasová segregace, sociologie, computer modeling, racial segregation, sociology, agent-based modeling, multi-agent modeling, social simulation, tutorial, segregation, 18, and 316
Language:
Czech
Description:
The article presents the construction of an agent-based model of segregation step by step. The article is intended as a tutorial for the reader’s first steps with agent-based modeling. The model is programmed in the NetLogo software and provided in two versions: first as an online executable version, for first-impression purposes, and second as NetLogo code, for serious experiments and further model improvements by the reader. The article describes the user interface and source code of the model in close detail. Most of the article is dedicated to careful, in-depth explanation of the NetLogo code. The model aims to answer Schelling’s classical question: "Is it possible to obtain an ethnically segregated structure of a town with relatively tolerant inhabitants?" The model also aims to answer the question: "Does size of recognized neighbourhood suppress tendency to segregation?" Analysis of the data produced by the model informs us that the tendency to segregation decreased with larger recognized neighbourhood - the larger the neighbourhood the lower the number of inhabitants living in an ethnically homogenous neighbourhood. However, size of recognized neighbourhood did not moderate the relationship between intolerance and tendency to segregation - the slope of the relationship was still the same (or even steeper for larger neighbourhoods)., František Kalvas., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

34. Náboženské vyznání v České republice z perspektivy inter- a intragenerační transmise

Creator:
Paleček, Antonín and Roman Vido
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, stati, writings, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Sociologie, sociologie, sociology, religious a liation, generations, primary socialization, intergenerational transmission, intragenerational transmission, 18, and 316
Language:
Czech
Description:
The paper focuses on the intergenerational and intragenerational transmission of religion in the Czech Republic. The authors start from the general statement that self-reported religious a liation in Czech society continued to decline during the second half of the 20th century. This trend has usually been explained by secularization theory and by speci cs of Czech social history, especially with regard to the anti-religious policies of the Communist regime. In their analysis of data from ISSP 2008 – Religion, the authors aim at a more detailed inquiry into the factors responsible for the decrease in self-reported religiosity in the Czech Republic. The results show that the key factor lies in de-conversion, which is not compensated su ciently by conversion in either type of transmission, inter- or intragenerational., Antonín Paleček, Roman Vido., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

35. Neformální péče v rodině: sociodemografické charakteristiky pečujících osob

Creator:
Klímová Chaloupková, Jana
Format:
print
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
sociologie, sociology, informal care, family caregivers, sandwich generation, socio-demographic characteristics, 18, and 316
Language:
Czech
Description:
Based on ISSP 2012 Family and Health, this paper focuses on informal caregiving for elderly, sick or disabled family members in the Czech Republic. Specifically, it investigates the socio-demographic characteristics of family caregivers. The findings show that the carers are more likely to be female of a productive age; and thus they often have to combine childcare, care for other family member and employment. Findings from this study also demonstrate that in case of women partnership status also influences care involvement. However, socioeconomic status measured by education does not have an effect on the provision of informal care because the institutional context in which private formal care is not widespread., Jana Klímová Chaloupková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

36. OECD iLibrary: zdroj dat využitelný pro sociální výzkum

Creator:
Pfeiferová, Jitka
Format:
print
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
sociologie, sociology, OECD iLibrary, 18, and 316
Language:
Czech
Description:
Tento článek se zabývá OECD iLibrary jakožto zdrojem dat zveřejňujícím dokumenty a data OECD. Cílem je představit čtenáři zdroj dat využitelný pro vlastní výzkum, tedy podat informace o tom, jaká data v OECD iLibrary může hledat a jak k nim získat přístup. Text dále zahrnuje informace institucionálního charakteru a přehled obsahu, co se témat i účastnících se organizací týká., Jitka Pfeiferová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

39. Peter Winch a idea sociální vědy

Creator:
Dvořák, Tomáš
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Winch, Peter, 1926-1997, sociální vědy, sociologie, social sciences, sociology, 18, and 3
Language:
Czech
Description:
Firstly, this article outlines the main points made by Peter Winch in his breakthrough book The Idea of a Social Science. Its Fundamentals thesis, inspired by Wittgenstein and his accounts on the relation between language and reality, is the assumption that social sciences engage in philosophical endeavor, because the problems they deal with are not empirical, but conceptual. Following Wittgensteinian line of thought he comes up with the idea that all social action can be explained as rule following and therefore it should be approached by conceptual means other than those used by natural sciences. Secondly, this article explores the impact that The Idea of a Social Science had on the discussion about the nature of social sciences. It outlines it‘s main critiques which deal with (1) Winch’s conception of philosophy (2) the notion of rule following and (3) descriptive nature of Winch‘s approach. Finally, Winch‘s critique of positivism in social sciences is identified as his main and lasting contribution to social thought., Tomáš Dvořák., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

40. Potíže s hmotou: Judith Butler a/nebo nový materialismus?

Creator:
Porkertová, Hana
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
sociologie, sociology, poststructuralism, matter, new materialism, Judith Butler, gender, 18, and 316
Language:
Czech
Description:
The article presents the contemporary feminist stream of new materialism, and compares and contracts it with the linguistic branch of poststructuralism which has been criticized by new materialism for neglecting matter. The paper first discusses points of departure these two streams share, specifically, a critique of Western metaphysics, and in particular the fundamental interrogation of dualities and the idea of a stable inner essence in Western thought. Consequently, the article shortly introduces the starting points of new materialism and presents Judith Butler’s ideas on matter which are pivotal for the comparison that follows. The comparison of the two streams concentrates on the following issues: ontology, power, the abject, difference, subject and embodiment. The article stresses strong and weak points of both the streams and presents them as complementary rather than contradictory approaches., Hana Porkertová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public