Long-term multidisciplinary research has significantly advanced our understanding of the Krkonoše Mts. arctic-alpine tundra. Three tundra zones (cryo-eolian, cryo-vegetated and niveo-glaciated) are recognized and can be found on the highest summits, etchplains of the western and eastern parts of the mountains and in glacial cirques on both sides of the state border. The arcticalpine tundra of the Krkonoše Mts. is one of the major centres of geobiodiversity in the context of Central European mountains. and Jan Štursa.
Německý autor studuje konfrontaci ideje národního státu s mnohonárodnostní realitou, jak se za první republiky projevovala v československé armádě. Optikou zvoleného tématu sleduje její výstavbu a strukturu, fungování v každodenní praxi a poměry v krizové době před podepsáním Mnichovské dohody. V komplexnosti zpracování tématu mu podle recenzenta náleží historický primát a některé jeho soudy lze zobecnit na poměry první republiky vůbec. and The author of the work under review compares and contrasts ideas of the nation-state with the multi-national reality as it was manifested in the Czechoslovak Army during the First Republic. Through this lens he considers the build-up, structure, daily operations, and conditions during the crisis leading up to the Munich Agreement. The author is, according to the reviewer, the first to treat the topic so comprehensively, and some of his judgements can be applied to the First Republic in general.
The goal of this paper is to refute the old myth that Muhammad Ali purposely created a national army to achieve Egypt´s independence, and that the military service in his army provoked a raise of national consciousness among the Egyptian soldiers. As the author tries to prove, Muhammad Ali wanted neither to create a national army nor to obtain independence of Egypt. Furthermore, since the pasha preferred the Turkish speaking military elites and the service in his army was a dreadful experience for the Egyptians which actually had no desire to fight for his interests, there was no substantial reason for their identification with his armed forces and the raise of their nationalism. In brief, it was Muhammad Ali´s army and not the Egyptian one., Miroslav Šedivý., and Obsahuje seznam literatury