The present paper focuses on the form of the first person present conditional as a component of explicit performative formulae (EPF), which are considered to be a means directly expressing the communicative function of an utterance. We try to demonstrate that the performative usage of verbs is not limited to indicative forms of imperfective verbs in Czech, as usually stated, but that also the form of the first person present conditional of imperfective as well as perfective verbs is used as an ordinary component of EPF. In Section 2, basic characteristics of EPF are briefly described. Two groups of verbs (verbs of assertion and verbs of appeal) are examined on the basis of language data from two corpora: from the Prague Dependency Treebank 2.0 and SYN2005 corpus (Sect. 3). In Section 4, the performative function of the conditional forms of these verbs is attested by means of Austin’s test and by some other criteria described in theoretical works. We further examine how the propositional content is expressed in analyzed utterances as well as what the difference between the examined EPF with the conditional verb form and the EPF with the indicative form is.
The present study deals with Czech deadjectival derivates with the suffix -ost. In Czech linguistics, the suffix is described as a monofunctional suffix that derives names of qualities (e.g. sladkost ''sweetness''; qualitative meaning). However, as the corpus data demonstrate that the suffix is commonly used for deriving names of bearers of quality (sladkost ''sweet thing''; non-qualitative meaning) in contemporary Czech as well, we propose to consider both the names of qualities and the names of their bearers as direct deadjectival derivates with the suffix -ost. The proposal is supported by an analysis of large data from the SYN2010 corpus. The material documents that, first of all, there is a relation between the frequency of a noun with the suffix -ost and its usage in the non- -qualitative meaning and, secondly, that the existence of plural forms can be interpreted as a signal that the particular noun (except for the most frequent nouns) has a non- -qualitative meaning.
Corpus of Czech educational texts for readability studies, with paraphrases, measured reading comprehension, and a multi-annotator subjective rating of selected text features based on the Hamburg Comprehensibility Concept
Corpus of Czech educational texts for readability studies, with paraphrases, measured reading comprehension, and a multi-annotator subjective rating of selected text features based on the Hamburg Comprehensibility Concept
The Prague Dependency Treebank 2.5 annotates the same texts as the PDT 2.0. The annotation on the original four layers was fixed or improved in various aspects (see Documentation). Moreover, new information was added to the data:
Annotation of multiword expressions
Pair/group meaning
Clause segmentation and Ministry of Education of the Czech Republic projects No.:
LM2010013
LC536
MSM0021620838
Grant Agency of the Czech Republic grants No.:
P406/2010/0875
P202/10/1333
P406/10/P193
PDT 3.0 is a new version of Prague Dependency Treebank. It contains a large amount of Czech texts with complex and interlinked morphological (2 million words), syntactic (1.5 MW) and semantic annotation (0.8 MW); in addition, certain properties of sentence information structure, multiword expressions, coreference, bridging relations and discourse relations are annotated at the semantic level. and the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic: grants P406/12/0658 "Coreference, discourse relations and information structure in a contrastive perspective", P406/2010/0875 "Computational Linguistics: Explicit description of language and annotated data focused on Czech", 405/09/0729 "From the structure of a sentence to textual relationships", and GPP406/12/P175 (Selected derivational relations for automatic processing of Czech);
the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic: the KONTAKT project ME10018 "Towards a computational analysis of text structure" and the LINDAT-Clarin project LM2010013;
the Grant Agency of Charles University in Prague: GAUK 103609 "Textual (Inter-sentential) Relations and their Representation in a Language Corpus" and GAUK 4383/2009 "Methods of coreference resolution".
The Prague Dependency Treebank 3.5 is the 2018 edition of the core Prague Dependency Treebank (PDT). It contains all PDT annotation made at the Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics under various projects between 1996 and 2018 on the original texts, i.e., all annotation from PDT 1.0, PDT 2.0, PDT 2.5, PDT 3.0, PDiT 1.0 and PDiT 2.0, plus corrections, new structure of basic documentation and new list of authors covering all previous editions. The Prague Dependency Treebank 3.5 (PDT 3.5) contains the same texts as the previous versions since 2.0; there are 49,431 annotated sentences (832,823 words) on all layers, from tectogrammatical annotation to syntax to morphology. There are additional annotated sentences for syntax and morphology; the totals for the lower layers of annotation are: 87,913 sentences with 1,502,976 words at the analytical layer (surface dependency syntax) and 115,844 sentences with 1,956,693 words at the morphological layer of annotation (these totals include the annotation with the higher layers annotated as well). Closely linked to the tectogrammatical layer is the annotation of sentence information structure, multiword expressions, coreference, bridging relations and discourse relations.
The item contains a list of 2,058 noun/verb conversion pairs along with related formations (word-formation paradigms) provided with linguistic features, including semantic categories that characterize semantic relations between the noun and the verb in each conversion pair. Semantic categories were assigned manually by two human annotators based on a set of sentences containing the noun and the verb from individual conversion pairs. In addition to the list of paradigms, the item contains a set of 739 files (a separate file for each conversion pair) annotated by the annotators in parallel and a set of 2,058 files containing the final annotation, which is included in the list of paradigms.
Universal Derivations (UDer) is a collection of harmonized lexical networks capturing word-formation, especially derivational relations, in a cross-linguistically consistent annotation scheme for many languages. The annotation scheme is based on a rooted tree data structure, in which nodes correspond to lexemes, while edges represent derivational relations or compounding.
The current version of the UDer collection contains eleven harmonized resources covering eleven different languages.
Universal Derivations (UDer) is a collection of harmonized lexical networks capturing word-formation, especially derivational relations, in a cross-linguistically consistent annotation scheme for many languages. The annotation scheme is based on a rooted tree data structure, in which nodes correspond to lexemes, while edges represent derivational relations or compounding. The current version of the UDer collection contains twenty-seven harmonized resources covering twenty different languages.