The linguistics of the last century was dominated by F. de Saussure’s grandiose program of synchronic linguistics, the methodological level of which was substantially elevated by the Chomskyan revolution. However, the more recent development has confirmed the necessity to work with basic ingredients of the European structuralist approach, based on syntactic dependency, so that the concept of constituent seems to lose its prominent position.
Různé přístupy к teoretickému popisu jazyka je třeba porovnávat jak co do empirického rozsahu popisného rámce, tak co do kvalit a stupně dodržování jejich principů. Důležité je diskutoval věcně o možnosti spojení jednotlivých dílčích řešení do bezrozporných celků a o možnostech, jak co nejekonomičtěji zachytit jádro (centrum) jazykového systému.
In the Prague Dependency Treebank, a part of the texts from the Czech National Corpus is being annotated on several layers, including the underlying (tectogrammatical) representations. The usefulness of such a treebank is briefly characterized and a large set of topics is discussed for which further monographical research appears to be necessary. The future discussion and elaboration of these topics can be carried out much more effectively with the use of the annotated corpus, and the results thus gained may then serve to an enrichment of the descriptive framework and of the annotation procedure.
Individual values of syntactic and morphological attributes used in the syntactic annotation of the Prague Dependency Treebank are discussed, as well as certain more general issues concerning the relationships between the underlying and the morphemic levels (word order, deletion and others).