The orientation of the Earth is defined by Earth orientation parameters that are measured by space geodetic techniques. The results provided by these techniques differ from each other. The method presented here combines these results in order to get a representative solution of the Earth orientation parameters. Other products of the method are improved coordinates and velocities of collocations stations distributed on six major and two minor tectonic plates. The fact that the stations lie on their plates gives us possibility to describe movements of these plates during our data interval. All new results are compared with the ones published by ITRF 2005 and presented hereafter., Vojtěch Štefka., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Exercise training-induced cardiac hypertrophy occurs following a program of aerobic endurance exercise training and it is considered as a physiologically beneficial adaptation. To investigate the underlying biology of physiological hypertrophy, we rely on robust experimental models of exercise training in laboratory animals that mimic the training response in humans. A number of experimental strategies have been established, such as treadmill and voluntary wheel running and swim training models that all associate with cardiac growth. These approaches have been applied to numerous animal models with various backgrounds. However, important differences exist between these experimental approaches, which may affect the interpretation of the results. Here, we review the various approaches that have been used to experimentally study exercise training-induced cardiac hypertrophy; including the advantages and disadvantages of the various models., Y. Wang, U. Wisloff, O. J. Kemi., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Fractures commonly existing in rocks flow on their elastic properties and hence on velocity of seismic waves propagating in the rock mass. This relation allows to use seismic methods to determine the fracture density and the orientation of fracture sets. This paper presents results of the research which concern directional changes of dynamic elastic moduli in sedimentary and igneous rocks from south part of Poland. These moduli depend on density of the rock matrix as well as density and orientation of cracks and flow on seismic wave velocity. The seismic equipment Terraloc MK6 (ABEM) was used for the measurements of seismic wave velocity in the surface layers of rock mass. The research was made along precise oriented radial seismic profiles. P-waves and S-waves ve locities were established from recorded seism ograms. The values of P and S waves velocity allowed to calculate values of dynamic elastic moduli for all profiles. The results were presented on diagrams of azimuth distribution of elastic moduli, and diagrams of dynamic elastic moduli versus P - wave velocity. The diagrams showed an anisotropy of elastic properties of the investigated rocks. The maximal values of moduli agree with maximal values of velocity and also with orientation of main crack sets or potential directions of weakening of rock mass. Obtained results point that the seismic methods allow to assign the directions of weakening of rocks what can be for example use during preliminary designing, constructing and exploitation of tunnels., Iwona Stan - Kleczek and Adam F. Idziak., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
V reakci na recenzi své biografie českého historika Václava Chaloupeckého (1882-1951) Václav Chaloupecký: Hledání československých dějin (Praha, Karolinum 2014), kterou v minulém čísle tohoto časopisu publikovala Antonie Doležalová (Hledání Václava Chaloupeckého. In: Soudobé dějiny, roč. 23, č. 1-2, 2016, s. 211-216), se autor zamýšlí nad problémem figurace historiografického textu budovaného na materiálu primárních pramenů a v souvislosti s tím rovněž nad vnitrooborovou i širší recepcí současné české historiografie a nad mezemi i proměnami popularizace výsledků historického výzkumu., In response to a review of his biography of the Czech historian Václav Chaloupecký (1882-1951), Václav Chaloupecký: Hledání československých dějin (Prague: Karolinum, 2014), published in the previous issue of this journal (Antonie Doležalová, ''Hledání Václava Chalupeckého'', Soudobé dějiny, vol. 23 (2016), nos. 1-2, pp. 211-16), the author discusses the problem of composing a historical text built on primary sources and, in connection with that, the reception, both in the field and amongst the general public, of contemporary Czech historiography. He also considers the limits of, and changes in, the popularization of the results of historical research., Milan Ducháček., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Hoci najznámejšou technickou aplikáciou kvapalných kryštálov v dnešnej dobe sú kvapalno-kryštalické monitory, kvapalné kryštály sú viac než len ploché obrazovky, aj keď vďaka nim sa dostali do povedomia verejnosti. Výskum v oblasti kvapalných kryštálov však nabral nový smer. Svetový výskum sa odvracia od displejov a zameriava sa na nové možnosti ich využitia, a to na štúdium kompozitných systémov na báze kvapalných kryštálov nielen pre ich technické aplikácie, ale aj na ich využitie v biotechnológiách., Nowadays, the major technical application of liquid crystals is their widespread use in liquid crystal displays. However, even though flat screens have drawn these materials to the public attentions they are much more than just flat screens. Academic liquid crystal science has shown a clear trend of moving away from display research during the last few years. Currently, scientists focus on different topics such as for instance new possible uses in optics, nano-/micro-manipulation, novel composites and biotechnology. This article demonstrates such a development of composite systems containing magnetic nanoparticles in liquid crystalline matrices., Natália Tomašovičová., and Obsahuje bibliografii