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52. Děti si lépe rozumějí se svými mazlíčky než se sourozenci
- Creator:
- Lenka Kollerová
- Format:
- print, text, regular print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Věda. Všeobecnosti. Základy vědy a kultury. Vědecká práce, věda, psychologie dítěte, člověk a zvíře, science and politics, child psychology, 12, and 00
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Lenka Kollerová.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
53. Dítě z lesa jako filosofický problém: několik poznámek k filosofickému pozadí Itardovy Zprávy o Victorovi z Aveyronu
- Creator:
- Fulka, Josef
- Format:
- print, text, regular print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- speciální pedagogika, znakový jazyk, osvícenství, special education, sign language, enlightenment, filozofie osvícenství, teorie výchovy, philosophy of the enlightenment, theory of education, 8, and 94(437)
- Language:
- Czech and English
- Description:
- The aim of the present paper is to examine certain philosophical issues which have set the tone of the philosophical reflection in eighteenth century France in relation to a specific case study: that of the "wild child" known as Victor of Aveyron. Found in 1800 in central France, Victor was later transferred to the Parisian Institute of the DeafMutes, where he became the object of educational activities of JeanMarc Itard, a medical expert known for his works on the problem of hearing loss. Through a brief critical examination of the most notorious philosophical texts dealing both with the question of wild children and deafness (namely by Rousseau, Diderot and Condillac), we attempt to show that the specificity of Itard’s educational method consists in an application of the sensualist approach towards the human individual (as it is exemplified especially in the work of Condillac) on a concrete human subject, considered as a tangible proof of the inexistence of innate ideas. On this basis, we sketch several broader questions concerning the status of anomaly in the eighteenth century philosophical thought (namely, wild children and deafness), as well as some hypotheses on education and its fantasmatic aspects in general., Josef Fulka., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
54. Diversity and abundance of insect herbivores collected on Castanopsis acuminatissima (Fagaceae) in New Guinea: Relationships with leaf production and surrounding vegetation
- Creator:
- Basset, Yves
- Format:
- print, text, and regular print
- Type:
- article, bibliography, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- zoologie, entomologie, hmyz, Fagaceae, Castanopsis acuminatissima, rostlinná strava, hostitelská specificita, druhová rozmanitost, vztahy, Nová Guinea, 595.2/.7, and 591.5
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Insect herbivores were collected from Castanopsis acuminatissima (Fagaceae) at Wau, Papua New Guinea, by beating the foliage of 15 trees during four one-month sampling periods, each representing different leaf-flush events. The association of leaf-chewing beetles with C. acuminatissima was verified with feeding trials. Of 59 species of leaf-chewing beetles that were collected, 36 species could be used in feeding trials. Only 9 of these species fed on C. acuminatissima. A further 27 beetle species were tested in feeding trials but did not feed. Of these, 7 were specialists feeding on other tree species within the surrounding vegetation. Most beetle species collected from C. acuminatissima foliage were probably transient species, dispersing from other tree species. Path analyses showed that herbivore abundance during a particular sampling period was significantly influenced by rainfall, leaf flush of other conspecific trees and air temperature, but not so by the species richness of surrounding vegetation, number of surrounding conspecific trees and size (DBH) of trees sampled. The species richness of leaf-chewing beetles collected on particular study trees depended on that of the surrounding vegetation, thus supporting the hypothesis that most beetle species collected were transient. The abundance of insect herbivores on particular C. acuminatissima trees probably depends on a balance between the leaf flush of conspecific trees and that of the particular tree sampled. The results also emphasize the need to remove transient species in analyses of insect faunas of tropical trees, at the risk of analyzing species richness patterns derived from loosely defined "assemblages" of species., Yves Basset, and Lit
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
55. Dny České divadelní encyklopedie
- Creator:
- Malura, Jan
- Format:
- print, text, regular print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Divadelní ústav (Praha, Česko), konference, conferences, 8, and 94(437)
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Jan Malura.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
56. Drobní ještěři se zelenou krví
- Creator:
- Lukáš Čížek
- Format:
- print, text, regular print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- ještěři, Sauria, 12, and 00
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Lukáš Čížek.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
57. Dvakrát měř, jednou řež!
- Creator:
- Matušková, Leona and Kyselová, Stanislava
- Format:
- print, text, regular print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Věda. Všeobecnosti. Základy vědy a kultury. Vědecká práce, věda, geodezie, měřicí přístroje, science, geodesy, measuring instruments, 12, and 00
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Přesné měření je nezbytné pro úspěšné stavební práce i kontrolu stability objektů, to věděli i naši předkové. Dnes existují velmi citlivé přístroje, které odhalí sebemenší pohyby svahů, mostů, hrází či vysilačů a pomohou tak předejít katastrofě. S detailními postupy, jak moderní měřici technologii využít a analyzovat data, přišel tým výzkumníků z Ústavu teorie informace a automatizace AV ČR ve spolupráci s firmou Geodézie Ledeč nad Sázavou. and Leona Matušková, Stanislava Kyselová.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
58. Effect of host plant on body size of Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and its correlation with reproductive capacity
- Creator:
- Kogel, Willem Jan de, Bosco, Domenico, Hoek, Marieke van der, and Mollema, Chris
- Format:
- print, text, and regular print
- Type:
- article, bibliography, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- zoologie, entomologie, hmyz, Thysanoptera, Thripidae, Frankliniella occidentalis, rozmnožování, velikost těla, potrava, hostitelská rostlina, vzájemné vztahy, 595.2/.7, and 591.5
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The effect of different host plants on Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) body size was investigated. Thrips from three different populations, from the Netherlands, Italy, and USA, achieved greater body sizes when reared on cucumber than on bean. The same thrips grew larger when reared on susceptible than on resistant cucumber. On the latter, reproduction was reduced, suggesting that smaller thrips have a lower reproduction. However, no evidence was found for a correlation between size and reproduction in experiments with thrips from four different populations, from the Netherlands, New Zealand, France, and USA that differed significantly in body size. Also when individual thrips from the four populations were tested, there was no correlation between size and reproduction. It is concluded that resistant cucumber affects both size and reproduction of F. occidentalis. However, lower reproduction in general is not associated with smaller body size., Willem Jan de Kogel, Domenico Bosco, Marieke van der Hoek, Chris Mollema, and Lit
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
59. Effect of melatonin on the release of prothoracicotropic hormone from the brain of Periplaneta americana (Blattodea: Blattidae)
- Creator:
- Richter, Klaus, Peschke, Elmar, and Peschke, Dorothee
- Format:
- print, text, and regular print
- Type:
- article, bibliography, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- zoologie, entomologie, hmyz, Blattodea, Periplaneta americana, mozek, hormony, prothoracikotropní hormon, uvolňování hormonu, melatonin, účinky, and 595.2/.7
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The occurrence of melatonin is known in nearly all organisms, but nothing is known exactly about its function outside of vertebrates. Long-term perifusions as well as short-term batch incubations of brains and moulting glands of the cockroach Periplaneta americana were used to identify the effect of melatonin on the release of prothoracicotropic hormone, a glandotropic neuropeptide in the brain, which stimulates the production of the moulting hormone ecdysone in the moulting gland. This is the first experimental evidence of a neurohormonal releasing effect of melatonin in the insect nervous system., Klaus Richter, Elmar Peschke, Dorothee Peschke, and Lit
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
60. Egg size and hybrid syndrome-dependent embryo mortality in Chironomus hybrids (Diptera: Chironomidae)
- Creator:
- Hägele, Klaus and Kasper-Sonnenberg, Monika
- Format:
- print, text, and regular print
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Chironominae, hybridy, mortalita, entomologie, hmyz, dvoukřídlí, Chironomus thummi, Chironomus thummi thummi, Chironomus thummi piger, kříženci, hybridní syndromy, Rud syndrom, velikost vajíček, mortalita embryí, postzygotická reprodukční izolace, hybrid syndromes, Rud, HLE, egg size, embryo mortality, postzygotic reproductive isolation, 595.2/.7, and 591.1
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Female hybrids of the cross Chironomus t. thummi female × Ch. t. piger male which are largely affected by the sterility inducing Rud syndrome were backcrossed with males of both parental strains. The aim of the study was to provide information about those egg volumes that are insufficient for a normal embryogenesis and to ascertain whether in the hybrids the lethally small egg size represents a new abnormal trait of the Rud syndrome. The egg masses obtained contain eggs of very different sizes with volumes ranging from 0.5 nl to 3.49 nl. Embryo mortality is unusually frequent in those eggs of the backcrosses and of the parental strains that have volumes smaller than 1.5 nl. An egg volume of 1.5 nl represents in Ch. thummi the lower limit for those volumes that are sufficient for a normal embryogenesis. Mortality increases with decreasing egg size, reaching 100% in backcross eggs with volumes of 0.99 nl and smaller. Small egg size is a new trait of the Rud syndrome affected thummi female × piger male hybrids. This trait is part of a postzygotic reproductive isolation barrier between thummi and piger and manifests first in the backcrosses. Most backcross eggs show volumes between 1.5 nl and 2.99 nl. Within this volume range the amount of mortality does not depend upon egg volume. Here, embryo death is great in the backcrosses but normal in the parental strains. The high frequency of embryo death in the backcrosses must be predominantly due to the action of the Rud syndrome and a second hybrid syndrome, called HLE syndrome. Since further characteristic traits of these syndromes could be detected in surviving backcross individuals, the study demonstrates the occurrence of the syndromes in this generation also. Therefore, the postzygotic reproductive isolation mechanism of both hybrid syndromes is effective in the hybrids and in their progeny as well., Klaus Hägele, Monika Kasper-Sonnenberg, 4 obrázky, 2 tab., and Lit.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public