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67952. The finite automata approaches in stringology
- Creator:
- Holub, Jan
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- exact pattern matching, approximate pattern matching, finite automata, dynamic programming, bitwise parallelism, suffix automaton, border array, and degenerate symbol
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- We present an overview of four approaches of the finite automata use in stringology: deterministic finite automaton, deterministic simulation of nondeterministic finite automaton, finite automaton as a model of computation, and compositions of finite automata solutions. We also show how the finite automata can process strings build over more complex alphabet than just single symbols (degenerate symbols, strings, variables).
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
67953. The first derivation of the Frank lead ECG at alterations of pulmonary ventilation in young healthy women
- Creator:
- Kujaník, Š., Baldovský, Ľ., and Bohuš, B.
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- electrocardiography, vectorcardiography, the first derivation of ECG, hypoxia, hypercapnia, hyperventilation, PQ interval, intrinsicoid deflection, and Frank orthogonal ECG
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The Frank orthogonal corrected ECG and its first derivation were recorded in 27 healthy volunteers (women aged 19-22 years) during normal ventilation at rest (control group), after voluntary hyperventilation lasting 75 seconds, and during hypoxic-hypercapnic ventilation (through the enlarged dead space) lasting 5 min. The projections of the magnitude and direction of the positive and negative QRS derivation maxima into the horizontal, frontal, left sagittal planes and their spatial distribution were constructed. The magnitude of the positive and negative QRS derivation maxima was significantly decreased during hypoxic-hypercapnic ventilation. A significant alteration in the direction only arose at the positive maximum during hypoxic-hypercapnic ventilation in the frontal plane. The intrinsicoid deflection was not significantly altered. The normal values of the maxima of the first QRS derivation in young healthy women are given. It is supposed that the decrease in amplitude of the maxima of the first QRS derivation is caused by slowed propagation of the depolarization wave under hypoxic- hypercapnic conditions and alteration of the direction of the positive maximum is caused by a greater participation of the right ventricle at the origin of the resulting QRS vector.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
67954. The first detection of species of Babesia Starcovici, 1893 in moose, Alces alces (Linnaeus), in Norway
- Creator:
- Pūraitė, Irma, Rosef, Olav, Radzijevskaja, Jana, Lipatova, Indrė, and Paulauskas, Algimantas
- Format:
- print, počítač, and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- zoonózy, parazitické organismy, zoonoses, parasitic organisms, Norsko, Norway, Babesia capreoli, Babesia odocoilei-like, 18S rRNA gene, Ixodes ricinus, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Babesiosis is an emerging zoonotic disease and various wildlife species are reservoir hosts for zoonotic species of Babesia Starcovici, 1893. The objective of the present study was to investigate the presence and prevalence of Babesia spp. in moose Alces alces (Linnaeus) in two regions of Norway. A total of 99 spleen samples were collected from animals of various ages from an area with the occurrence of the tick Ixodes ricinus (Linnaeus, 1758), and from an area where the ticks are known to be absent. Infection was detected by the amplification of different regions of the 18S rRNA gene by using two different PCR primer sets specific of Babesia. Babesia spp. were found in the spleen samples of four moose. All Babesia-infected animals were from an area where ticks occur, with an infection rate of 6% (4 of 70). Babesia-positive samples were obtained from a five-month old moose calf and three adults. Two Babesia species, Babesia capreoli (Enigk et Friedhoff, 1962) and a B. odocoilei-like, were identified. Co-infection with Anaplasma phagocytophilum was obtained in two animals. This is the first report of the occurrence of B. capreoli and B. odocoilei-like species in moose., Irma Pūraitė, Olav Rosef, Jana Radzijevskaja, Indrė Lipatova, Algimantas Paulauskas., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
67955. The first Dirichlet eigenvalue of bicyclic graphs
- Creator:
- Zhang, Guang-Jun and Zhang, Xiao-Dong
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- first Dirichlet eigenvalue, bicyclic graph, and degree sequence
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- In this paper, we have investigated some properties of the first Dirichlet eigenvalue of a bicyclic graph with boundary condition. These results can be used to characterize the extremal bicyclic graphs with the smallest first Dirichlet eigenvalue among all the bicyclic graphs with a given graphic bicyclic degree sequence with minor conditions. Moreover, the extremal bicyclic graphs with the smallest first Dirichlet eigenvalue among all the bicycle graphs with fixed $k$ interior vertices of degree at least 3 are obtained.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
67956. The first finding of myxosporean development from plasmodia to spores in terrestrial mammals: Soricimyxum fegati gen. et sp. n. (Myxozoa) from Sorex araneus (Soricomorpha)
- Creator:
- Prunescu, Carol-Constantin, Prunescu, Paula, Pucek, Zdzislaw, and Lom, Jiří
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Myxozoa, Myxosporea, Soricimyxum fegati, liver infection, development, Sorex araneus, and taxonomy
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Soricimyxum fegati gen. et sp. n. is a new myxosporean (Myxozoa) species discovered in the liver of shrews, Sorex araneus L., collected in the Bialowieza primeval forest (Poland). Both developmental stages and mature spores were found during a histological study. The infection had about 40% prevalence at the investigated locality. Plasmodia were polysporic. Elongated plasmodia with an average size of 30 by 8 µm occupied bile ducts and larger rounded plasmodia up to 80 µm in diameter were found in liver parenchyma where they most probably entered after the ducts had been destructed. Plasmodia in both locations elicited a vigorous inflammatory reaction. Spores were of an ovoid shape, 7 µm long, 5.4 µm wide and about 3.5 µm thick. They had two shell valves and two equal polar capsules, located in opposite ends of the spore.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
67957. The first hardware MSC algorithm implementation
- Creator:
- Fabera, V., Musil, T., and Rada, J.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- multistream compression, MSC, FPGA, compression, parallel compression, and left tree representation
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- This paper describes the first attempt of hardware implementation of Multistream Compression (MSC) algorithm. The algorithm is transformed to series of Finite State Machines with Datapath using Register-Transfer methodology. Those state machines are then implemented in VHDL to selected FPGA platform. The algorithm utilizes a special tree data structure, called MSC tree. For storage purpose of the MSC tree a Left Tree Representation is introduced. Due to parallelism, the algorithm uses multiple port access to SDRAM memory.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
67958. The first holistic SEM study of Coniopterygidae (Neuroptera) - structural evidence and phylogenetic implications
- Creator:
- Zimmermann, Dominique, Klepal, Waltraud, and Aspöck, Ulrike
- Type:
- article, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Coniopterygidae, Semidalis aleyrodiformis, Aleuropteryx juniperi, morphology, ultrastructure, sensilla, plicatures, labial palps, wax glands, and phylogeny
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Adults of two coniopterygid species, Aleuropteryx juniperi Ohm, 1968 (Aleuropteryginae) and Semidalis aleyrodiformis (Stephens, 1836) (Coniopteryginae), were studied using scanning electron microscopy. Interspecific differences in the ultrastructure of the integument of all the major parts of the body were identified and described, and the functional and phylogenetic implications of the differences discussed. Additionally, the enlarged terminal segment of the labial palps of the Coniopterygidae and the Sisyridae, which up to now has been used as an argument for a sister-group relationship between these two families, was subjected to a thorough comparison. The very different morphology makes independent enlargement of the terminal palpal segment in both families plausible. This finding is congruent with the earlier hypothesis of a sister-group relationship between Coniopterygidae and the dilarid clade, which was proposed on the basis of molecular data, larval morphology and male genital sclerites. Finally, a new classification of the coniopterygid subfamilies is presented based on characters of the larval head (prominence of the ocular region, relative length of sucking stylets). The following relationship is hypothesized: (Brucheiserinae + Coniopteryginae) + Aleuropteryginae, and the implications of this hypothesis for the phylogenetic interpretation of the ultrastructural differences that we found are discussed: (1) The wax glands, as well as plicatures, are interpreted as belonging to the ground pattern of the family Coniopterygidae, and (2) the wax glands are considered to have been reduced in Brucheiserinae and the plicatures in Coniopteryginae. A distinct (though reduced) spiraculum 8 was detected in Semidalis aleyrodiformis; as a consequence the hypothesis that the loss of spiraculum 8 is an autapomorphy of Coniopteryginae is refuted.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
67959. The first human case of babesiosis mimicking Reiter's syndrome
- Creator:
- Strizova, Zuzana, Havlova, Klara, Patek, Ondrej, Smrz, Daniel, and Bartunkova, Jirina
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- arthritis, conjunctivitis, urethritis, Babesia microti, transfusion, and diagnosis
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Babesiosis is a tick-borne disease that may exhibit a broad range of clinical manifestations. According to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), Babesia species belong to the most common transfusion-transmitted pathogens (FDA, May 2019), but the awareness of the disease caused by these parasitic protists is still low. In immunocompromised patients, the clinical course of babesiosis may be of extreme severity and may require hospital admission. We demonstrate a case of a young male who experienced severe polytrauma requiring repetitive blood transfusions. Six months later, the patient developed a classic triad of arthritis, conjunctivitis and non-specific urethritis. These symptoms largely mimicked Reiter's syndrome. The patient was later extensively examined by an immunologist, rheumatologist, urologist, and ophthalmologist with no additional medical findings. In the search for the cause of his symptoms, a wide laboratory testing for multiple human pathogens was performed and revealed a babesiosis infection. This was the first case of human babesiosis mimicking Reiter's syndrome. Following proper antimicrobial therapy, the patient fully recovered in four weeks. We aim to highlight that a search for Babesia species should be considered in patients with non-specific symptomatology and a history of blood transfusion or a possible tick exposure in pertinent endemic areas.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
67960. The first report of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in free-living European bison (Bison bonasus bonasus Linnaeus)
- Creator:
- Majewska, Anna C., Werner, Anna, Cabaj, Władysław, and Moskwa, Bożena
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Apicomplexa, serological survey, IgG antibodies, agglutination test, Białowieża Forest, and Poland
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Toxoplasma gondii Nicolle et Manceaux, 1908 is an apicomplexan parasite with a worldwide distribution. It is of great medical and veterinary importance because it may cause abortion or congenital disease in its intermediate hosts, including man. The European bison, the largest herbivorous animal in Europe, is a species that has been saved from extinction. Twenty-four of 95 examined sera of the European bison (Bison bonasus bonasus) from the Białowieża Forest, Poland collected from 2008 to 2011 were found to be positive for the presence of T. gondii-specific IgG antibodies using a direct agglutination test, with the antibody titre in positive animals ranging from 40 to 18000. Statistically significant differences were observed only between years of sample collection. This is the first report on T. gondii in lowland European bison living in the natural environment.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public