Taxonomic uncertainty as to the identities of Hyalomma (Euhyalomma) scupense Schulze, 1919 and Hyalomma detritum Schulze, 1919 has existed for nearly 85 years. The chief criterion used to consider these taxa as separate species has been an ecological feature, namely that H. scupense is a one-host tick while H. detritum is a two-host species. Morphologically they are identical. To date no comprehensive taxonomic study has been done on all parasitic stages of the two species. Here the decision to grant priority status to H. scupense and to synonymise H. detritum with H. scupense is defended. The adults and immature stages of H. scupense are illustrated and redescribed. The morphological characteristics that separate the males, females, nymphs and larvae from those of other Hyalomma species are discussed for each developmental stage. Data on hosts, geographic distribution and disease relationships are provided.
The genus Microplinthus Zherikhin, 1987 is revised. It is assigned to the tribe Aminyopini Voss, 1956, based on the female genitalia and the presence of appendiculate claws in one species. The following new species are described: M. parbatensis sp. n. (Central Nepal); M. kaligandaki sp. n. (Central Nepal); M. shiva sp. n. (India: Darjeeling); M. laurae sp. n. (India: Darjeeling; Sikkim; Central-western Nepal?). The genus is apparently the sister group to Falsanchonus Zherikhin, 1987. Mutual relationships among the nine species of Microplinthus are suggested based on a phylogenetic analysis.
The endemic Costa Rican genus Zurquilla Gauld, 1997, is transferred from the ichneumonid subfamily Tryphoninae (tribe Oedemopsini) to the Cryptinae (tribe Phygadeuontini) and synonymised with Nipponaetes Uchida, 1933. This decision is justified using morphological and molecular (28S D2-3 ribosomal DNA sequence) evidence. We briefly discuss the phylogenetic utility of characters that led to the type species of Zurquilla being described as a tryphonine and provide a host record that indicates that Nipponaetes is a parasitoid of spider egg sacs.
The species of Testudobracon Quicke from eastern China are revised with four species recognized, including three new species: (Testudobracon flavus sp. n., Testudobracon guangxinensis sp. n. and Testudobracon grandiventris sp. n.). The new species are fully described and illustrated. A key to species of this genus is also provided. The types and other specimens are deposited in the Collection of Parasitic Hymenoptera at the Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Eight species of Typhlodromus Scheuten were collected during an extensive survey of phytoseiid mites in Norway. One of the species, Typhlodromus norvegicus, is described as a new taxon and Typhlodromus ulex Evans is considered to be a junior synonym of Typhlodromus phialatus Athias-Henriot. Keys are given for the identification of the genera of the Typhlodrominae and species of the genus Typhlodromus represented in the fauna of Norway. Distribution maps are provided for seven species and the frequency of Typhlodromus species on a range of host plants is given in tabular form. Picea abies showed the highest frequency of Typhlodromus spp. and all eight species were found on Juniperus communis.
By using the Seiberg-Witten invariant we show that the region under the Noether line in the lattice domain $\mathbb{Z}\times \mathbb{Z}$ is covered by minimal, simply connected, symplectic 4-manifolds.
In spite of its relatively brief history, the German Energiewende has changed the electricity mix in Germany substantially; Green electricity from wind, solar, water and biomass now provides the largest contribution to the total electricity consumption. In this respect, the Energiewende can be regarded as an overall success. But in parallel to this scenario, a critical discourse has evolved concerning the socio-political, economical, and legal issues. The congruence of objectives and measures - for example in regards to ensuring security of supply, the expansion of electricity networks, the development of the electricity price and the environmental consequences - in the course of the expansion of electricity generation from renewable sources is the main focus of the socio-political and economic discussion. From a legal perspective, the accelerated phase-out of nuclear energy and the constitutional disputes, regarding the legality of the national orientation of the promotional scheme for green electricity in respect to the integration of the German electricity sector in a European internal market for energy, are in the centre of the debate. Against this background, the present article examines the contribution of the German Energiewende to the resolution of the complex challenges of a developed industrial society.
This article analyzes the transition of German summer solstice
celebrations in the Bohemian Lands from folk festivals to radical right-wing mobilizing rituals between the turn of the twentieth century and 1938. During the interwar period, these celebrations were a response to the historic and/or invented traditions of the First Republic, which were at the intersection of Czech (-oslovak) national identity as a construction of linguistic-cultural affiliation. The transformation of the Sonnwendfeier to a modern, mass,
radical right-wing tool for organizing and maintaining a racial community parallels the growing radicalization of the nationally identifying Germans across Habsburg Central Europe between the world wars. Summer solstice celebrations played an important role in the construction of a Sudeten German community from the bottom up during the 1930s. and Článek zahrnuje poznámkový aparát pod čarou
The meteorite fall at Glanerbrug, at 18:32:38 UT on April 7, 1990, is described on the basis of 200 eye witness accounts of the associated meteor. Due to a favourable distribution of observing locations, the atmospheric trajectory can be reconstructed from several different approaches to the data. The orbit found has a relatively high inclination of 23 ± 5 degrees, adding weight to the high inclination tail of the population distribution of meteorite dropping events. The pre-entry mass of Glanerbrug was of the order of 100 kg, of which some 5-10 kg arrived at the Earth’s surface. One fragment of approximately 1.2 kg fell through the roof of a house, resulting in a catastrophic fragmentation with a logN/logM = 1.15±0.12 size distribution. 855 grams of fragments could be recovered on the floor of the attic. The largest piece weighs 135 gram, from which an impact velocity of 80 ± 30 m/s is estimated.
The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist liraglutide is an incretin hormone mimetic used in the treatment of diabetes. However, the effects of liraglutide on pulmonary hypertension (PH) and pulmonary endothelin (ET) system are unknown. Eight-week-old C57BL6/J mice were injected liraglutide or vehicle for 5 weeks. One week after injection, the mice were exposed to either room air (normoxia) or chronic hypoxia (10 % O2) for 4 weeks. The right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) was significantly higher in hypoxia + vehicle group than in normoxia + vehicle group. ET-1 mRNA expression in the lungs was comparable among all the groups. ETB mRNA and protein expression in the lungs was significantly lower in hypoxia + vehicle group than in normoxia + vehicle group. The above changes were normalized by liraglutide treatment. The expression of phospho-eNOS and phospho-AMPK proteins in the lungs was significantly higher in hypoxia + liraglutide group than in normoxia + vehicle group. We demonstrated for the first time that liraglutide effectively improved RVSP and RV hypertrophy in hypoxia-induced PH mice by activating eNOS through normalization of impaired ETB pathway and augmentation of AMPK pathway. Therefore, GLP-1R agonists can be promising therapeutic agents for PH., J. Honda, T. Kimura, S. Sakai, H. Maruyama, K. Tajiri, N. Murakoshi, S. Homma, T. Miyauchi, K. Aonuma., and Seznam literatury