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68192. The Kurzweil-Henstock theory of stochastic integration
- Creator:
- Toh, Tin-Lam and Chew, Tuan-Seng
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- stochastic integral, Kurzweil-Henstock, and convergence theorem
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The Kurzweil-Henstock approach has been successful in giving an alternative definition to the classical Itô integral, and a simpler and more direct proof of the Itô Formula. The main advantage of this approach lies in its explicitness in defining the integral, thereby reducing the technicalities of the classical stochastic calculus. In this note, we give a unified theory of stochastic integration using the Kurzweil-Henstock approach, using the more general martingale as the integrator. We derive Henstock's Lemmas, absolute continuity property of the primitive process, integrability of stochastic processes and convergence theorems for the Kurzweil-Henstock stochastic integrals. These properties are well-known in the classical (non-stochastic) integration theory but have not been explicitly derived in the classical stochastic integration.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
68193. The L m n -propositional calculus
- Creator:
- Gallardo, Carlos and Ziliani, Alicia
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Łukasiewicz algebra of order n, m-generalized Łukasiewicz algebra of order n, equationally definable principal congruences, implicative extensional propositional calculus, and completeness theorem
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- T. Almada and J. Vaz de Carvalho (2001) stated the problem to investigate if these Lukasiewicz algebras are algebras of some logic system. In this article an affirmative answer is given and the L m n -propositional calculus, denoted by ℓ m n , is introduced in terms of the binary connectives → (implication), ։ (standard implication), ∧ (conjunction), ∨ (disjunction) and the unary ones f (negation) and Di , 1 ≤ i ≤ n − 1 (generalized Moisil operators). It is proved that ℓ m n belongs to the class of standard systems of implicative extensional propositional calculi. Besides, it is shown that the definitions of L m n -algebra and ℓ m n -algebra are equivalent. Finally, the completeness theorem for ℓ m n is obtained.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
68194. The L-moment based regional approach to curve numbers for Slovak and Polish Carpathian catchments
- Creator:
- Kohnová, Silvia , Rutkowska, Agnieszka , Banasik, Kazimierz , and Hlavčová, Kamila
- Format:
- počítač and online zdroj
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- catchment curve number, homogeneity, and regional frequency analysis
- Language:
- Slovak
- Description:
- The main objective of the paper was to propose and evaluate the performance of a regional approach to estimate CN values and to test the impact of different initial abstraction ratios. The curve number (CN) was analyzed for five Slovak and five Polish catchments situated in the Carpathian Mountains. The L-moment based method of Hosking and Wallis and the ANOVA test were combined to delineate the area in two homogenous regions of catchments with similar CN values. The optimization condition enabled the choice of the initial abstraction ratio, which provided the smallest discrepancy between the tabulated and estimated CNs and the antecedent runoff conditions. The homogeneity in the CN within the regions of four Slovak and four Polish catchments was revealed. Finally, the regional CN was proposed to be at the 50% quantile of the regional theoretical distribution function estimated from all the CNs in the region. The approach is applied in a group of Slovak and Polish catchments with physiographic conditions representative for the Carpathian region. The main benefit of introducing a common regional CN is the opportunity to apply this procedure in catchments of similar soil-physiographic characteristics and to verify the existing tabulated CN. The paper could give rise to an alternative way of estimating the CN values in forested catchments and catchments with a lack of data or without observations.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
68195. The labile iron pool in monocytes reflects the activity of the atherosclerotic process in men with chronic cardiovascular disease
- Creator:
- Riško, P., Jan Pláteník, Buchal, R., Jana Potočková, and Kraml, P. J.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, záněty, inflammations, iron overload, monocytes, arterial stiffness, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The study investigates the relationship between the labile iron pool (LIP) in circulating monocytes and markers of iron metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and arterial elasticity in patients with chronic cardiovascular disease and in healthy volunteers. The patie nts with a history of CVEs had significantly higher LIP values tha n did the control group (1.94± 0.46 μM vs. 1.62 ±0.49 μM, p=0.02). Except for the leukocyte number (WBCs), the groups did not differ in other inflammatory markers (CRPus, CD 163, MPO, MMP-1). Similarly, there were no differences in the markers of endothelial dysfunction (ICAM, VCAM, E-selectin, vWF). The CVE group had higher pulse pressures, levels of markers of impaired arterial elasticity (AI, Young's modulus, pulsatility, stiffness index), I MT values and ABI values. The LIP concentration was significantly correlated with the transferrin receptor⁄ferritin ratio, hepcidin levels, VFT content and the ABI and ET values. Patients with a history of CVE have significantly higher concentrations of ir on in their intracellular LIP in circulating monocytes than do healthy controls. The independent and significant correlation of LIP with markers of the progression of atherosclerosis and arterial stiffness suggests LIP as a possible novel marker of atheros clerotic activity., P. Riško, J. Pláteník, R. Buchal, J. Potočková, P. J. Kraml., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
68196. The labours of the Prague obstetrician Johann Melitsch (1763-1837): contribution to the topic of the professionalising of obstetrics in the 18th century
- Creator:
- Tinková, Daniela and Štefanová, Barbora
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- 18th-century obstetrics, Caesarean section, maternity hospital, Prague, Johann Melitsch (1763-1837), social care, Enlightenment, porodnictví 18. století, císařský řez, porodnice, Praha, sociální a chudinská péče, and osvícenství
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- a1_This study aims to present the physician Johann Melitsch (1763–1837) as a courageous reformer who presented a specific alternative to the étatist model of healthcare reforms implemented by the Habsburg monarchy in the 18th century. As obstetrics was the focus of Melitsch’s reform activities, the paper also contributes to the broader issue of the professionalisation of obstetrics at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries. In the 1780s, Joseph II decided to use the assets of the secularised monasteries and hospitals to form a state complex of various health and social care facilities in the capitals of the Habsburg “provinces”. Where conditions and proximity to the university allowed, the first real “clinics”, i.e. hospitals linked to the teaching of medicine (and therefore science), were established: this was the case, for example, in Vienna and Prague. General hospitals formed the core of these complexes; maternity hospitals were also built, primarily for unmarried mothers, to prevent infanticide, but also as a source of female bodies for young medical students, who otherwise generally did not have the opportunity to learn about pregnancy and childbirth. At the same time, a young doctor who had just finished medical school in Prague, the twenty-fouryear- old Johann Melitsch, the son of a cabinet-maker, decided to undertake another project: a Privatentbindungsanstalt, ie. private outpatient maternity clinic. It was designed for married but poor women and also offered the opportunity of midwifery practice to medical students. Thanks to a family inheritance and his wife’s dowry, he was indeed able to found such an institution. And with donations from wealthy patrons from the nobility, he was able to provide small financial rewards or medicines to his patients. His assistants were students. and a2_Melitsch later extended his outpatient care, which was also improved by the “district doctors”, to sick women and children in general and thus offered a counterpart to the “stationary” type of state general hospital. In 1793, he was finally appointed professor at the Prague Faculty of Medicine – but only after the intervention of Emperor Francis I himself, who also granted this institution a “public right”. In 1795 Melitsch drew up a proposal – also probably the first in the Habsburg monarchy – for health insurance for low-income segments of the population. However, this system was never put into practice. In this predominantly Catholic monarchy, where hospitals had hitherto operated mainly on a church or municipal basis and where there was a clear tendency in Melitsch’s time to create a purely state-run health service, this was an exceptional case. The paper is also a contribution to the broader issue of the professionalisation of midwifery at the turn of the 18th and 19th centuries. Besides that, Melitsch is considered to be the first doctor in the Czech lands to perform a successful caesarean section in which both mother and child survived.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
68197. The Labyrinth of the world and the paradise of the heart
- Creator:
- Jan Amos Komenský and František Lützow
- Publisher:
- Swan Sonnenschein & Co., Lim.
- Format:
- print, svazek, and 347 stran.
- Type:
- model:monograph and TEXT
- Subject:
- Česká próza, Komenský, Jan Amos, 1592-1670, 17. století, baroko, překlady do angličtiny, baroque, translations into English, 821.162.3-3, 82"15/17", 811.111’25, and 25
- Language:
- English and Czech
- Description:
- by John Amos Komensky (Comenius) ; edited and translated by Lützow. and KČSN (sg. S-N)
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
68198. The ladybird beetle Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) as a possible predator of grape phylloxera Daktulosphaira vitifoliae (Hemiptera: Phylloxeridae)
- Creator:
- Kögel, Susanne, Schieler, Manuela, and Hoffmann, Christoph
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, zoologie, entomologie, Coleoptera, Coccinellidae, Harmonia axyridis, Hemiptera, Phylloxeridae, Daktulosphaira vitifoliae, grapevine, Vitis vinifera, consumption, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- 1_The ladybird beetle Harmonia axyridis (Pallas 1773) has been used for biological control in several countries. However, it became invasive in some of those countries. Coccinella septempunctata (Linné 1758) is a native species in Europe. It feeds mainly on aphids and can be very abundant. As far as is known there are no effective natural enemies of the grape phylloxera Daktulosphaira vitifoliae (Fitch 1855) in Europe. The potential of the above two ladybird species for reducing the abundance of the grapevine pest D. vitifoliae has not been previously investigated. In this study, the consumption and developmental parameters of H. axyridis and C. septempunctata fed on D. vitifoliae were determined in the laboratory. In a field trial, the occurrence of H. axyridis on grapevines with or without leaf galls of D. vitifoliae was compared. In contrast to C. septempunctata, H. axyridis was able to complete its development using D. vitifoliae as a source of food. In addition, adult H. axyridis consumed significantly more D. vitifoliae eggs than C. septempunctata. Within 24 h H. axyridis consumed up to 1400 eggs of D. vitifoliae. However, based on the fitness parameters "developmental time", percentage "survival" and "adult weight", this diet was less suitable for H. axyridis than the eggs of Ephestia kuehniella., 2_During field observations over a period of two years H. axyridis was repeatedly observed feeding on grape phylloxera leaf galls, which indicates that H. axyridis uses grape phylloxera as prey. H. axyridis was significantly more abundant on leaves with leaf galls of D. vitifoliae than on leaves without galls. C. septempunctata was rarely found on grape leaves with or without leaf galls. These results indicate that overall H. axyridis, unlike C. septempunctata, is a predator of D. vitifoliae and could potentially reduce grape phylloxera numbers in vineyards., Susanne Kögel, Manuela Schieler, Christoph Hoffmann., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
68199. The Laplacian spectral radius of graphs
- Creator:
- Li, Jianxi, Zhiu, Wai Chee, and Chang, An
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- graph, Laplacian spectral radius, and bounds
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The Laplacian spectral radius of a graph is the largest eigenvalue of the associated Laplacian matrix. In this paper, we improve Shi's upper bound for the Laplacian spectral radius of irregular graphs and present some new bounds for the Laplacian spectral radius of some classes of graphs.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
68200. The Laplacian spread of graphs
- Creator:
- You, Zhifu and Liu, Bolian
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Laplacian eigenvalues and spread
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The Laplacian spread of a graph is defined as the difference between the largest and second smallest eigenvalues of the Laplacian matrix of the graph. In this paper, bounds are obtained for the Laplacian spread of graphs. By the Laplacian spread, several upper bounds of the Nordhaus-Gaddum type of Laplacian eigenvalues are improved. Some operations on Laplacian spread are presented. Connected $c$-cyclic graphs with $n$ vertices and Laplacian spread $n-1$ are discussed.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public