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68632. The skin remodeling in type 1 diabetes and insulin resistance animal models

Creator:
Knaś, M., Wolosik, K., Zalewska, A., Mikucka-Niczyporuk, A., Kasacka, I., and Niczyporuk, M.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, diabetes mellitus, inzulinová rezistence, inzulin, insulin resistance, insulin, type 1 diabetes, metformin, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
The skin matrix metalloproteinase 3, tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase 2 and collagen III content changes in type 1 diabetes and insulin resistance treated with insulin a nd metformin were studied. Healthy adult male Wistar rats were obtained from experimental animal house, Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical University in Bialystok. The rats were divided randomly into five groups of 8 rats each. Control rats were injected intraperitoneally by NaCl. Type IDDM was induced by a single injection of Streptozocin. Insulin resistance was induced by a high -fat diet. The chosen groups of rats were also treated with insulin or metformin. ELISA K its (USCN Life Science, China) were used to measure content of matrix metallo - proteinase 3 (ELISA Kit for Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 - MMP3), tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (ELISA Kit for Tissue Inhibitors of Metalloproteinase 2 - TIMP2) and content of collagen type 3 (ELISA Kit for Collagen Type III - COL3). The results were reported as a median. The statistical significance was defined as p<0.05. Type 1 diabetes and insulin resistance have significantly reduced the quality of the skin, shown by the increase in cont ent of matrix metalloproteinase 3 and the decrease in content of tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase 2. Type 1 diabetes and insulin resistance have reduced the quality of the skin expressed by type III collagen content decrease but for future studies it is recommend to determine rat interstitial collagenase, MMP -13, as well. Insulin and metformin treatment improved the quality of the diabetic skin, demonstrated by the type III collagen content increase., M. Knaś, K. Wołosik, A. Zalewska, A. Mikucka-Niczyporuk, I. Kasacka, M. Niczyporuk., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

68634. The social construction of a myth: an interpretation of Guo Jingming´s parable

Creator:
Fumian, Marco
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
balinghou, socialist market economy, Chinese mass culture, and Chinese literature
Language:
English
Description:
When 20-year-old Guo Jingming published his first novel Enchanted City, in 2003, a myth was immediately created. The symbols communicated both by the novel and by the author provoked a deep identification among the readers, who were, for the most part, middle and high school students of the urban middle stratum. Guo Jingming, as many were to proclaim, had given representation to the sensibility of a whole generation. But what were the specific conditions that spurred the emergence of such a sensibility? What was the social dimension that lay beneath the construction of Guo Jingming’s myth? In order to answer these questions, my essay interprets Guo Jingming’s parable in the framework of the material and ideological reality of the “socialist market economy.” It does so, firstly, examining the circumstances that contributed to constitute the subjectivity of the first generation of urbanites who were born under the “one-child policy” and attended the competitive and selective national school system. Secondly, it seeks to reconstruct the parable of Guo Jingming as a writer and a phenomenon of mass culture, who, being produced and promoted by the Chinese culture industry, contributed in turn to the dissemination and promotion of the “new” dominant ideology of the Chinese “socialist market.”
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

68635. The social homeownership model – the case of Norway

Creator:
Sandlie, Hans Christian and Gulbrandsen, Lars
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
home ownership, public housing, the Global Financial Crisis, and Norway
Language:
English
Description:
This article gives a brief overview of recent developments in Norwegian social housing emphasizing the years after the global financial crisis (GFC). In Norway, mass homeownership has been an important part of social housing in the post-war period. The GFC led to a more rigorous housing finance system, which in turn affected the possibilities of young adults entering homeownership. Nevertheless, the share of young homeowners has been stable or even growing in recent years. Today, social housing mainly refers to a rather marginal system providing housing for the most vulnerable groups.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

68636. The social side and time dimension of self-representation in agents using modular neural networks

Creator:
Luaces , MIlton M., Pazos, Juan, Rocha, Celina G., and Rodríguez-Patón , Alfonso
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Self-consciusness, sense of belonging, self-represenatation, modular neural networks, self-organized maps, and time delayed neural networks
Language:
English
Description:
An important cognitive feature –shared only by humans and a few other species– is self-consciousness. It has been defined as “the possession of the concept of the self and the ability to use this concept in thinking about oneself”. Self-consciousness undoubtedly depends on some kind of self-representation, although the nature of this self-representation in intelligent beings is still unknown. In recent years, several cognitive scientists have proposed self-representation models. Nevertheless, usually these models only represent the current state of consciousness. In this paper, we introduce the time dimension to extend self-representation models in order to represent the development of individual self-representation over time. Another important cognitive feature of both humans and animals is that they have a sense of belonging. It has been defined as “the process by which an individual understands that other beings are like himself (herself)”. We focus on the social side of self-consciousness and self-representation by defining self-consciousness as a specialization of the sense of belonging. In this paper, we use modular artificial neural networks for implementation. To test models, we implemented a simulator with modular neural networks composed of self-organized maps (SOM) and time delayed neural networks (TDNN). In this multi-agent system, agents were equipped with a simplified model of sensory perception, personality, sense of belonging and self-consciousness. Agent interaction is tested in different hypothetical social scenarios. The simulator structure and its MANN components are described in detail. The relation between a sense of belonging and self-consciousness is also discussed. Quantitative results are analyzed and conclusions stated.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

68637. The Social Transformation of Large Housing Estates in Poland at the Turn of the 21st Century

Creator:
Gorczyca, Katarzyna
Type:
article, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
large housing estates, neighbourhood change, socio-spatial change, mixed heterogeneous neighbourhood, and post-socialist city
Language:
Czech
Description:
Large housing estates make up an essential portion of the housing stock in the urban structure of Polish cities. It was expected that large housing estates in Poland might experience social decline in the 1990s, but several research projects conducted in the estates did not identify any increase in social degradation. This article examines the social structure of the residents of large housing estates in Poland and identifies the main trends in current social changes. The time frame of ongoing transformations in the social structure was set around the turn of the 21st century. This analysis is based on Polish 1988 and 2002 National Census data, the Polish PESEL population database (2011), and the author’s survey data (2010–2012). Research was conducted in seven housing estates in fi ve Polish cities or towns (Poznań, Kraków, Tarnów, Dzierżoniów, and Żyrardów) and focused on analysing the sizes and types of households and their economic situation and the social structure of the estates. Results showed that large housing estates continue to have a heterogeneous social structure and to resist social deprivation processes. Depending on the period when a particular estate was built it is possible to observe distinctive features of housing estates, such as social structure renewal in housing estates from the 1950s and 1960s, residential ageing in those from the 1970s, and the risk of an exodus of young residents from estates from the 1980s. Those shared problems may soon become decisive for the future development of large estates.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

68638. The socialisation of migrant children in transnational settings

Creator:
Reisenauer, Eveline
Format:
bez média and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
transnationality, integration, migrant children, next generation, and socialisation
Language:
Czech
Description:
This article argues that it is central to consider the socialisation processes of migrant children in transnational settings when focusing on issues of integration and the transnationality of the next generation. A central experience of migrant children is that they grow up and are involved in both the emigration and immigration country (of their parents). Many of them circulate between Germany and Turkey several times and maintain multiple relationships across national borders when they are growing up. This has implications for their family relationships and educational careers in childhood, but beyond that it also has effects that are detectable into adulthood. The article shows that migrant children develop the potential and skills that enable them to live a transnational life. The question the article therefore addresses is whether and how a transnational childhood affects the transnationality and integration of the next generation in the adult life.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

68639. The soil moisture regime and groundwater recharge in aged forests in the Sand Ridge region of Hungary after a decline in the groundwater level: an experimental case study

Creator:
Szabó, András, Gribovszki, Zoltán, Kalicz, Péter, Szolgay, Ján, and Bolla, Bence
Format:
počítač and online zdroj
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
recharge, groundwater decline, soil moisture monitoring, forest hydrology, black locust, and black pine
Language:
Slovak
Description:
The decline in groundwater levels is a cause of concern in many regions of the world, including the Sand Ridge of Hungary. The causes of the regional depletion range from rising air temperatures, changes in precipitation, domestic and agricultural groundwater use and past amelioration and recent afforestation, including the effects of drilling for crude oil exploration. The relations between the decline, the soil water regime and groundwater recharge under existing aged forests remained unclear thus far. Based on our monitoring of groundwater and soil moisture we aim to clarify this interplay in a new experimental site on the hilltop of the Sand Ridge. We compared three land-uses: a 41-year-old black locust (Robinia Pseudoacacia) offshoot forest, an 83-year-old first generation black pine (Pinus nigra) forest, and a grassland control site. The observed differences in the soil moisture profiles and dynamics were connected to the use of water by the given type of vegetation. We indicated a connection between the disruption of the groundwater recharge and the loss of contact of the rooting system of the forests with the deepening of the unconfined aquifer. Even if the aged forests could locally contribute to the decline, we conclude that the decline at the hilltop site that may be more strongly driven by other regional factors.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

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