All representations of the Other, adopt similar strategies, which emphasize the difference between the Other and Self, and are recognized as symbolic expressions of supposed superiority of Self over the Other, thus serving to legitimize any attempts to civilize or rule the Other. Such strategies, often applied by the West to describe the uneven East- West relations in the colonial literary discourse, can also be found in contemporary Chinese literary representations of “minority nationalities.” Representations of landscape are among the most important symbols that are used in the process of “othering” of the non-Self, and are especially relevant for Chinese representations of Tibet. The article examines the representation of Tibetan landscape in Chinese and Tibetan literatures, from the 1980s, written by both Han and Tibetan authors. Han writers have used the Tibetan landscape as a symbolic expression of the imaginary distance between themselves and Tibetans, while Tibetan authors stress the aspects that can help in an identification with the environment. The analysis reveals the symbolic function of landscape in relation to the newly (re)constructed Tibetan identity within the context of the multiethnic China at the end of the 20th century.
The paper deals with the experimental and numerical research of flows through prismatic turbine cascade in transonic regimes. The primary goal is to evaluate the influence of the non-uniformity of the inlet velocity profile to the span-wise distribution of energy losses. The numerical simulation with inlet velocity profile corresponding to the parameters of the flow in high speed wind tunnel in Nový Knín is compared with the experimental data. and Obsahuje seznam literatury
The aim of the study was to evaluate the climate and geographic factors controlling the hydrological drought of the rivers located in the Upper Vistula catchment in the Polish Carpathians. Drought was identified based on the daily flow (based on water stage measered once a day at 6 UTC) series dating from between 1975 and 2019 at 49 gauging cross-sections. Four physico-geographical regions were identified in the Polish Carpathians and spatial variabilities of the basic drought characteristics were developed within these regions. Such spatial distributions were treated as maps indicating drought hazard areas in the region. In addition, an analysis was undertaken to study the seasonality of the start and end times of the drought (all in the multi-annual period), the longest duration of droughts, the droughts of the highest volume in multi-annual period, as well as the number of drought days. Multi-annual variability of the number of drought days was also analysed. The results suggest that droughts in the Polish Carpathians are events characteristic of summer and autumn, whereas in the Tatra Mountains and the Podhale region - of autumn and winter. The greatest hazard of a prolonged and highvolume drought occurs in the Podhale region and the Tatra Mountains, while the lowest hazard is observed in the Bieszczady Mountains and the eastern part of the studied area.
This article identifies the spatial correlation between the social determinants of health in the housing area (housing prices, overcrowding, poor-quality building materials, and household socioeconomic vulnerability) and the spread of COVID-19 in Santiago de Chile. The research used data from the 2017 Census conducted by the National Institute of Statistics of Chile and data on confirmed cases of COVID-19 (PCR) by communes provided by/obtained from Chile’s Ministry of Health. The article provides a two-fold examination/analysis of the spatial correlation using the Pearson measure to observe how the virus spread from areas with high-quality housing in the early stage of the contagion to then become concentrated in areas with low-quality of housing. The second examination/analysis is a multiple linear regression to identify the housing factors that inform virus propagation. The test results show that of the four social determinants of health relating to housing assessed here, housing prices is the variable that best predicts how the social determinants of health based on housing explain the progress of the pandemic for the Santiago case, following the collinearity factors according to the data used in this study. The conclusions suggest that public policy should treat housing quality as a factor in public health and health risks that needs to be addressed with a transdisciplinary approach to urban planning in Chile.
Despite their wide distribution and frequent occurrence, the spatial distribution patterns of the well-known gall-inducing insects Mikiola fagi (Hartig) and Neuroterus quercusbaccarum (L.) in the canopies of mature trees are poorly described. We made use of the Swiss Canopy Crane (SCC) near Basel, Switzerland, to gain access to the canopy of a mixed temperate forest up to a height of 35 m. Within one and a half days we scanned 6,750 beech leaves and 6,000 oak leaves. M.fagi showed a distinct vertical zonation with highest abundance in the top-most parts of the canopy as well as a significant aggregation on particular trees. N. quercusbaccarum showed an even more pronounced preference for particular trees and a general preference for Quercus robur over Q. petraea. In contrast to M. fagi, no vertical zonation could be detected. We think that both gall-inducing species have greater powers of dispersal than formerly assumed since they overwinter on the forest floor and yet are able to 1) gain access to the entire canopy, 2) show preference for certain host trees. We found little evidence for the phenological synchrony hypothesis proposed to explain the intertree distribution of N. quercusbaccarum. The highest density of M. fagi galls was in those parts of the canopy exposed to high solar radiation; their host choice is probably determined by micro-climatological factors. The consequences of the distribution patterns of N. quercusbaccarum and M. fagi for their ecological interactions with the host-plant, inquilines and parasitoids (e.g., canopy-layer specific performance linked to plant chemistry, density-dependent parasitism) need now to be subjected to further scientific investigation.
In this paper, the general ordinary quasi-differential expression $M_p$ of $n$-th order with complex coefficients and its formal adjoint $M_p^+$ on any finite number of intervals $I_p=(a_p,b_p)$, $p=1,\dots ,N$, are considered in the setting of the direct sums of $L_{w_p}^2(a_p,b_p)$-spaces of functions defined on each of the separate intervals, and a number of results concerning the location of the point spectra and the regularity fields of general differential operators generated by such expressions are obtained. Some of these are extensions or generalizations of those in a symmetric case in [1], [14], [15], [16], [17] and of a general case with one interval in [2], [11], [12], whilst others are new.
The distribution of stars of mag. 7-0 and brighter of the H. D. C. is here studied in the system of galatic co-ordinates. There are tables of numbers of stars according to both the co-ordinates for individual clases of magnitude and for all the spectral subdivisions. Also the distribution of the density of stars in longitude and latitude separately is studied for the spectral classes B, A, F, G, K, M. Finally to illustrate the distribution of stellar density according to both co-ordinates simultaneously, the maps for the classes B, A, F, G, K, M were constructed with the lines of the same density. and Text je doplněn 5 grafy hustoty hvězd (nestránkováno)
Radial velocity variations of the K supergiant Xi Cygnl are Investlgated on the basis of publlshed as well as new values from spectrograms In the visual and near infrared region obtalned In the period of 1977-1984 at Ondřejov, Shemakha, and Crlmea observatories. A circular orbit (P = 113.3873 days, Tmax = 2430214.33 HJD, K1 = 3,47 km/s, Vo = -20.0 km/s), still preliminary. confirms the period derlved by Parsons (1983). More accurate data are needed and the problem of the long period (Reimers 1981)
should be investigated.