The marriage and divorce law of the State of Israel was influenced by Jewish religious law. The matter of agunot, „chained“ women, is an example of the usage of Jewish religious law in the legal system of the modern country. Aguna is a woman who is not able to remarry beacuse she has not been given a divorce list. The motive behind withholding a get is in most cases economic or other benefit. The matter of agunot is very old and Jewish scholars have tried to find a solution for many centuries. There are proposed solutions how to help women tobe released from marriage and to begin a new life. Some of them are very old and they are developer in many responses, others are new. All of them have the same aim to free women from a nonfunctional marriage by means which are contrary to Jewish religious law of marriage and divorce., Dominika Sedláková., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Do we live in the era of Earth´s sixth mass extinction? Estimates of current biodiversity changes. Current biodiversity crisis is often compared to the live mass extinction in geological history. Here I review the evidence concerning current global extinction, showing that its extent is so far much smaller than was in the case of the live big extinction events. However, global extinction rate is currently quite high, so that if the rate remains the same, the magnitude of the sixth global mass extinction could be reached within next several hundreds years. The topics are now much more vulnerable to animal and plant extinction than is the temperate zone.