Školní pokus dokazující proudění kapalin s kostkami ledu je možné dohledat v mnoha učebnicích. Pomůcky a průběh experimentu se různě liší. Cílem je dokázat proudění v kapalině v závislosti na rozdílné hustotě způsobené odlišnou teplotou. Pomocí termokamery je možné pozorovat rozložení teploty povrchu nádoby před vložením kostek ledu, v průběhu tání kostek a na konci tání. V textu příspěvku je naznačen možný postup řešení a analýza výsledků., A school experiment proving the flow of liquids, with the help of ice cubes, can be found in many textbooks. The tools and course of the experiment differ in different ways. The aim is to prove that the flow in a liquid depends on its variable density caused by different temperatures. Using a thermal imaging camera, it is possible to observe the temperature distribution of a vessel’s surface before inserting ice cubes, during melting and at the end of melting. In this article we suggest a possible solution and give an analysis of the results., Vladimír Vochozka, Pavla Wegenkittlová., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Výzkumníci ze Spojených států amerických tvrdí, že vytvořili molekulární Boseho-Einsteinův kondenzát, což je stav hmoty, ve kterém velký počet molekul koexistuje ve stejném kvantovém stavu. Elizabeth Donleyová a její kolegové z laboratoře JILA v Boulderu oznámili, že pozorovali koherentní oscilace mezi atomy a molekulami ve vzorku rubidia 85. Tento objev by mohl mít významné důsledky pro molekulární fyziku, chemii a kvantové počítání (E. Donley a kol., Nature 417, 529 (2002)). and Edwin Cartlidge ; přeložila Andrea Cejnarová.
Přeloženo z Physicsweb: http:/www.physicsweb.org/
The aim of this paper is to prove two new uncertainty principles for the Dunkl-Gabor transform. The first of these results is a new version of Heisenberg's uncertainty inequality which states that the Dunkl-Gabor transform of a nonzero function with respect to a nonzero radial window function cannot be time and frequency concentrated around zero. The second result is an analogue of Benedicks' uncertainty principle which states that the Dunkl-Gabor transform of a nonzero function with respect to a particular window function cannot be time-frequency concentrated in a subset of the form $S\times \mathcal B(0,b)$ in the time-frequency plane $\mathbb R^d\times \widehat {\mathbb R}^d$. As a side result we generalize a related result of Donoho and Stark on stable recovery of a signal which has been truncated and corrupted by noise.
High resolution and high signal to noise ratio CCD observations
of 59 Cyg show periodic variations in the radial velocities of
the components of Hα-line, i.e. of the absorption component,
and of the intensity ratio of the blue and red emission components. The period 29.14 d suggest duplicity of this star.
In this study the compressive strength and durability of soft clay soil stabilized with halloysite nanotubes are investigated. Halloysite nanotubes are novel 1D natural nanomaterials which are widely used in reinforcing polymer, pollution remediation, and as nanoreactors for biocatalyst. The wide use of halloysite nanotubes is due to their high aspect ratio, appropriate mechanical strength, high thermal stability, nature-friendly and cost-effectiveness. However, the use of halloysite nanotubes as a stabilizing agent for improving the durability of soil is not clear. In this research, halloysite nanotubes was used in the amounts of 2%, 5% and 10% by the weight of dried soil. Unconfined compressive strength, wet/dry cycles and freeze/thaw cycles tests were performed to evaluate the strength and durability of stabilized soft clay soil. Experimental results showed that halloysite nanotubes considerably improves the compressive strength and durability of soft clay soil. The optimum amount of halloysite nanotubes for soil stabilizing in terms of compressive strength and durability was 5%. The compressive strength of soft clay increased as much as 129% by applying 5% halloysite nanotubes. Also, the specimen containing 5% halloysite nanotubes showed the least strength loss after wet/dry and freeze/thaw cycles. The soil sample containing 5% halloysite nanotubes lost 20% of its initial compressive strength after 8 cycles of freezing and thawing, while the soil sample without any halloysite content lost 100% of its compressive strength after the same number of freezing and thawing. Based on the obtained results, the use of halloysite nanotubes in order to enhance the strength and durability of soft clay is strongly recommended., Tavakolipour Masoud, Salemi Niloofar., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Lichen thalli were exposed to 4 regimes differing in irradiance and duration of irradiation. Photosynthetic efficiency of thalli was monitored by chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and xanthophyll cycle analysis. Maximal quantum yield of photosystem 2 (FV/FM) decreased gradually with time in long-term treatment. The effect of additional short-term high irradiance (HI) treatment applied each 24 h was not significant. Nevertheless, short-term HI applied repeatedly on thalli kept in the dark led to a significant decrease of FV/FM. Non-photochemical quenching recorded during the long-term treatment corresponded to the content of zeaxanthin (Z). In short-term treatment, however, proportion of Z (and antheraxanthin) to total amount of xanthophyll cycle pigments recovered to the initial values every 24 h after each repeated short-term HI event in thalli kept in dark. Thus duration of irradiation rather than irradiance and frequency of HI events is important for a decrease in primary photosynthetic processes in wet thalli of Lasallia pustulata. Rapidly responding photoprotective mechanisms, such as conversion of xanthophyll cycle pigments, are involved mainly in short-term irradiation events, even at HI. and M. Barták ... [et al.].