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2342. Středověké rukopisy Městského muzea v Krnově
- Creator:
- Petr, Stanislav
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Václav Koranda the Younger, Bible, Nikolaus von Dinkelsbühl, and Postilla
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- The Krnov Town Museum collections include two medieval manuscripts – a Latin Bible and a German gospel postilla by Nikolaus von Dinkelbühl. Neither manuscript has previously been known to specialist circles. The Bible contains the text of the Latin Vulgate with prologues on most books of the Bible, and it was completed in 1433 by an unknown scribe. From the ownership notes and monograms it was possible to ascertain that its owner was in the second half of the fifteenth century the administrator of the Utraquist Consistory and Chancellor of Prague University Václav Koranda the Younger. The number of manuscripts known today preserved from Koranda's library has come to forty. The Bible was acquired by the museum collections from the Minorite Monastery Library in Krnov in the early 1950s. The second medieval manuscript is the German gospel postilla by Nikolaus von Dinkelsbühl, which is the only known example of this work housed in Czech libraries.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
2343. Středověké rukopisy z knihovny hrabat von Manderscheid-Blankenheim dochované ve fondu Národní knihovny České republiky
- Creator:
- Svobodová, Milada
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- aristocratic libraries, Rhineland, and medieval manuscripts
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- The library of the Counts von Manderscheid-Blankenheim at Blankenheim Castle vas established in the 1470s and closed after Napoleon's army invaded the Rhineland in 1794. The last owner of the castle, Augusta von Sternberg-Manderscheid, probably took some of the books to the Sternberg Palace in Prague. After the sale of the Sternberg library in 1830, it was incorporated into the Lobkowicz princes Prague palace library, with which it was incorporated into the National Library of the Czech Republic fonds in 1928. The present study presents the results of research into the manuscript fonds of the Prague Lobkowicz library, which was based on the discovered Lobkowicz list of purchased Sternberg manuscripts. It presents a total of seven manuscripts of Blankenheim origin from the first half of the 13th century to the first half of the 16th century.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
2344. Středověké učení o lásce v humanistickém hávu? Andreas Capellanus, jeho traktát De amore a rukopis pražské Národní knihovny XIV E 29
- Creator:
- Jiroušková, Lenka
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- codicological context, formal, structural transformation of the text, humanistic rhetorical treatises, manuscript transmission, and Medieval latin literature
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- The Latin treatise De amore (s. XII/XIII) by Andreas Capellanus has repeatedly presented a challenge to research because of the heterogeneity of its form and contents. The numerous interpretations of this elusive work base themselves on the single edition by Emil Trojel from 1892 which does not convey a representative account of the rich and complex transmission of the text. An important part of this contribution is, thus, to elucidate both the transmission history of De amore and relevant questions for research. The main focus will be an analysis of the textual version of De amore in the aforementioned Prague manuscript (1471–1481) and its formal-structural transformation, its codicological surroundings as well as its cultural context. This late-medieval textual witness suggests, on every level of the text, significant emendations to the textual form as presented by Trojel. By means of radical truncations and a prominent restructuring, new intratextual connections are created: a reinforced edifying function, an ambition for a general validity, and tendencies concerning structuring and systematizing clearly appear to be the new principles for the shaping of the text. In the Prague manuscript, De amore is copied between contemporary Humanist treatises whose contextualisation will be presented as the source of further thoughts on literary history. The contribution will be rounded off by means of an up-to-date comprehensive list of the manuscript transmission of De amore, a comparative table of the different structurings of the text, and a new description of the Prague manuscript.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
2345. Středověký plenář z Načeradce
- Creator:
- Petr, Stanislav
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- calender, liturgy, manuscripts, missal of Načeradec, and memorial entries
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- The plenarium of Načeradec belongs to the ten eldest diocesan missals which have been preserved in Bohemia and Moravia. It can be dated to the second decade of the 14th century according to its script and decoration. Only a small part of the ordinarium and de tempore of the proper missal have been preserved. The original calendar was substituted for a new one at the beginning of the 15th century. Municipal scribes recorded in the free margins of the codex a series of memorial entries which became a pretious source of knowledge of the everyday life in the second half of the 16th and in the first half of the 17th centuries.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
2346. Structural and functional changes in the photosynthetic apparatus of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii during nitrogen deprivation and replenishment
- Creator:
- Preininger, É., Kósa, A., Lőrincz, ZS., Nyitrai, P., Simon, J., Böddi, B., Keresztes, Á., and Gyurján, I.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- fotosyntéza, photosynthesis, electron microscopy, nitrogen starvation, O2 evolution, 77K fluorescence, 2, and 581
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- Nitrogen is an essential factor for normal plant and algal development. As a component of nucleic acids, proteins, and chlorophyll (Chl) molecules, it has a crucial role in the organization of a functioning photosynthetic apparatus. Our aim was to study the effects of nitrogen starvation in cultures of the unicellular green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, maintained on nitrogen-free, and then on nitrogen-containing medium. During the three-week-long degreening process, considerable changes were observed in the Chl content, the ratio of Chl-protein complexes, and photosynthetic activity of the cultures as well as in the ultrastructure of single chloroplasts. The regreening process was much faster then the degradation; total greening of the cells occurred within four days. The rate of regeneration depended on the nitrogen content. At least 50% of the normal nitrogen content of Tris-Acetate-Phosphate (TAP) medium was required in the medium for the complete regreening of the cells and regeneration of chloroplasts., É. Preininger, A. Kósa, Z. S. Lőrincz, P. Nyitrai, J. Simon, B. Böddi, Á. Keresztes, I. Gyurján., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
2347. Structural and functional damage caused by boron deficiency in sunflower leaves
- Creator:
- El-Shintinawy, F.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- chlorophyll, dry mass of roots and shoots, fluorescence, Hill reaction, lipoxygenase, malondialdehyde, peroxidase, photosystem 2, potassium, and saccharose
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- Boron deficiency induced a dramatic inhibition in sunflower plant growth, shown by a reduction in dry mass of roots and shoots of plants grown for 10 d in nutrient solution supplied with 0.02 µM B. This low B supply facilitated the appearance of brown purple pigmentation on the plant leaves over the entire growth period. Compared to B-sufficient (BS) leaves, leakage from B-deficient (BD) leaves was 20 fold higher for potassium, 38 fold for sucrose, and 6 fold for phenolic compounds. High level of membrane peroxidation was detected by measuring peroxidase activities as well as peroxidative products in BD sunflower plants. Soluble and bound peroxidase activities measured in BD thylakoid membranes were accelerated two fold compared to those detected in BS-membranes. No detectable change in soluble peroxidase activity in roots whereas a 4 fold stimulation in bound peroxidase activity was detected. Thylakoid membranes subjected to low B supply showed enhancement in lipoxygenase activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in parallel with 40 and 30 % decrease of linoleic and linolenic acid contents (related to total unsaturated fatty acids). A slower rate of Hill reaction activity (40 %) and a suppressed flow of electron transfer of the whole chain (30 %) were detected in BD thylakoid membranes. This reduction was accompanied with a decline in the activity of photosystem 2 shown by a diminished rate of oxygen evolution (42 %) coupled with a quenching (27.5 %) in chlorophyll a fluorescence emission spectra at 685 nm (F685). Thus B is an important element for membrane maintenance, protection, and function by minimizing or limiting production of free oxygen radicals in thylakoid membranes of sunflower leaves.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
2348. Structural and functional organization of the photosynthetic apparatus in halophytes with different strategies of salt tolerance
- Creator:
- Rozentsvet, O. A., Bogdanova, E. S., Ivanova, L. A., Ivanov, L. A., Tabalenkova, G. N., Zakhozhiy, I. G., and Nesterov, V. N.
- Format:
- print, bez média, and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- fotosyntéza, photosynthesis, water content, salt stress, chlorophyll fluorescence, mesostructure, photoinhibition, 2, and 581
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- The specific features of the structural and functional organisation of the photosynthetic apparatus (PSA) were studied in wild halophytes representing three strategies of salt tolerance: euhalophyte Salicornia perennans, crynohalophyte Limonium gmelinii, and glycohalophyte Artemisia santonica. The sodium content in aboveground parts of the plants corresponded to the strategy of salt tolerance. The photosynthetic cells of the euhalophyte were large and contained a higher number of chloroplasts than those in other species. In contrast, the number of cells per a leaf area unit was lower in S. perennans as compared to cryno- and glycohalophytes. Thereupon, the cell and chloroplast surface area per leaf area unit declined in the following sequence: A. santonica > L. gmelinii > S. perennans. However, the large cells of euhalophyte contained chloroplasts of larger sizes with 4- to 5-fold higher chlorophyll (Chl) content per chloroplast and Chl concentration in chloroplast volume unit. Also, chloroplasts of S. perennans were characterised by the higher content of glyco- and phospholipids. Qualitative composition of fatty acids (FA) in lipids isolated from the chloroplast-enriched fraction was similar in all three species; however, the index of unsaturation of FA was higher in glycohalophyte A. santonica than those in two other species. Under natural condition, PSA of all three halophytes showed high resistance to soil salinity. The results indicated tolerance of PSII to the photodamage in halophytes. The high rate of electron transport through PSII can be important to prevent oxidative damage of PSA in halophytes under strong light and hight temperature in vivo. Thus, the strategy of salt tolerance is provided by both the leaf anatomical structure and the ultrastructure of photosynthetic membranes, which is determined in particular by the specific composition of lipids., O. A. Rozentsvet, E. S. Bogdanova, L. A. Ivanova, L. A. Ivanov, G. N. Tabalenkova, I. G. Zakhozhiy, V. N. Nesterov., and Seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
2349. Structural characteristics of extra-membrane domains and guanidine hydrochloride-induced denaturation of photosystem 2 core antenna complexes CP43 and CP47
- Creator:
- Qu, Y.-G., Gong, Y.-D., Guo, S.-K., Li, L.-B., and Kuang, T.-Y.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- aromatic amino acid, chlorophyll, circular dichronism, CP43, CP47, denaturation, energy transfer, extramembrane domain, fluorescence, guanidine hydrochloride, and β-carotene
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- The structural characteristics of the extra-membrane domains and guanidine hydrochloride-induced denaturation of photosystem 2 (PS2) core antenna complexes CP43 and CP47 were investigated using fluorescence emission and circular dichroism (CD) spectra. The extra-membrane domains of CP43 and CP47 possessed a certain degree of secondary and tertiary structure and not a complete random coil conformation. The tertiary structure and the chlorophyll (Chl) a microenvironment of CP47 were more sensitive to guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl) than that of CP43. Changes in energy transfer from β-carotene to Chl a corresponded well to changes in the tertiary structure while their correlation with changes in the secondary structure was rather poor. Unlike most of water-soluble proteins, both CP43 and CP47 are partly resistant to denaturation induced by guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl); the denaturation of CP43 or CP47 is not a two-state process. Those features most probably reflect their character as intrinsic membrane proteins. and Y.-G. Qu ... [et al.].
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
2350. Structural reorganization of thylakoid systems in response to heat treatment
- Creator:
- Semenova, G. A.
- Format:
- bez média and svazek
- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- osmotic shock, pea, Pisum, and ultrastructure of thylakoid systems
- Language:
- Multiple languages
- Description:
- The structural reorganization of pea thylakoid systems in response to osmotic shock in a wide range of temperatures (36-70°C) was studied. At temperatures 40-46°C, the configuration of thylakoid systems changed from a flattened to a nearly round, whereas thylakoids themselves remained compressed. The percentage of thylakoids stacked into grana at 44°C decreased from 71 % in the control to 40 % in experimental samples, reaching 59 % at 48°C. At 44°C and above, thylakoid systems ceased to respond to the osmotic shock by disordering, in contrast to what happened at lower temperatures (36-43°C) and in the control, and retained the configuration inherent in thylakoid systems at these temperatures. At 50°C and above, the packing of thylakoids in grana systems changed, and thylakoids formed extended strands of pseudograna. Simultaneously, single thylakoids formed a network of anastomoses through local fusions. At temperatures of 60-70°C, thylakoid systems appeared as spherical clusters of membrane vesicles with different degree of separation.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public