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1142. The Fourth Tomoh Masaki Award
- Creator:
- Dhaun, Neeraj
- Format:
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- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- Webb, David J, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Doctor David J. Webb MD, DSc, FRCP, FRSE, FMedSci, a clinical pharmacologist specialising in the management of cardiovascular disease, is the recipient of The Fourth Tomoh Masaki Award , a bi-annual prize presented on the occasion of the International Conferences on Endothelin to scientists for outstanding contributions and achievements in the field of endothelin research. The Fourth Tomoh Masaki Award was presented to Doctor Webb at the Fifteenth International Conference on Endothelin which was held at Duo Hotel, Prague, Czech Republic, in October 2017. The award was granted to Dr. Webb during the Award Ceremony in Troja Chateau “In Recognition of his Outstanding Contributions to Science and Endothelin Research in Particular”. This article summarises the career and the scientific achievements of David J. Webb viewed by his former student Dr. Neeraj Dhaun, known to everybody as ‘Bean’., N. Dhaun., and Seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1143. The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist liraglutide improves hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in mice partly via normalization of reduced ETB receptor expression
- Creator:
- Honda, J., Kimura, T., Aonuma, K., Miyauchi, T., Homma, S., Murakoshi, N., Tajiri, K., Maruyama, H., and Sakai, S.
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- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- fyziologie člověka, human physiology, GLP-1R, Pulmonary hypertension, Liraglutide, ETB receptor, eNOS, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist liraglutide is an incretin hormone mimetic used in the treatment of diabetes. However, the effects of liraglutide on pulmonary hypertension (PH) and pulmonary endothelin (ET) system are unknown. Eight-week-old C57BL6/J mice were injected liraglutide or vehicle for 5 weeks. One week after injection, the mice were exposed to either room air (normoxia) or chronic hypoxia (10 % O2) for 4 weeks. The right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) was significantly higher in hypoxia + vehicle group than in normoxia + vehicle group. ET-1 mRNA expression in the lungs was comparable among all the groups. ETB mRNA and protein expression in the lungs was significantly lower in hypoxia + vehicle group than in normoxia + vehicle group. The above changes were normalized by liraglutide treatment. The expression of phospho-eNOS and phospho-AMPK proteins in the lungs was significantly higher in hypoxia + liraglutide group than in normoxia + vehicle group. We demonstrated for the first time that liraglutide effectively improved RVSP and RV hypertrophy in hypoxia-induced PH mice by activating eNOS through normalization of impaired ETB pathway and augmentation of AMPK pathway. Therefore, GLP-1R agonists can be promising therapeutic agents for PH., J. Honda, T. Kimura, S. Sakai, H. Maruyama, K. Tajiri, N. Murakoshi, S. Homma, T. Miyauchi, K. Aonuma., and Seznam literatury
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1144. The H- and T-Reflex Response Parameters of Long- and Short-Distance Athletes
- Creator:
- Ozmerdivenli, R., Bulut, S., Urat, T., and Ahmet Ayar
- Format:
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- Type:
- article, studie, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, fyziologie člověka, human physiology, H-reflex, T-reflex, Athlete, Electromyography, Training, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- It is well known that the training level of a muscle belongs to the parameters that affect the H-reflex response amplitude. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of training type on H- and T-reflex response parameters. For this purpose, 20 long-distance athletes (group I, test group), 18 short-distance athletes (group II, test group) and 20 non-trained subjects (group III, control group) were involved in this study in which the H- and T-reflex amplitude and latency values were measured. The H-reflex amplitude and latency values found in groups I, II and III were 3.64±0.28 mV and 26.88±1.45 ms, 3.17±0.26 mV and 26.19±1.89 ms, and 6.07±0.34 mV and 26.77±1.32 ms, respectively. The T-reflex amplitude and latency values of the groups I, II and III were 3.30±0.18 mV and 32.01±1.02 ms, 3.11±0.20 mV and 31.47±1.16 ms, 4.24±0.21 mV and 31.47±1.16 ms, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups with respect to latencies of H- and T-reflexes (p>0.05). In both test groups, the amplitudes of the H-reflex and T-reflex were significantly smaller than the control group (p<0.05). The results of this study suggest that training of muscles affect the H- and T-reflex response parameters., R. Ozmerdivenli, S. Bulut, T. Urat, A. Ayar., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1145. The impact of selected dytokines in the follow-up of normal pressure hydrocephalus
- Creator:
- Sosvorova, L., Milan Mohapl, Josef Včelák, Hill, M., Vítků, J., and Richard Hampl
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- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, cytokiny, mozkomíšní mok, neurodegenerace, cytokines, cerebrospinal fluid, neurodegeneration, normal pressure hydrocephalus, ventriculoperitoneal shung, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Cytokines are widely known mediators of inflammation accompanying many neurodegenerative disorders including normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). NPH is caused by impaired cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) reabsorption and treated by surgical shunt insertion. The diagnostics is still complicated and the shunt effect is not durable; after several years, dementia may develop. In the clinical practice, biomarkers support the diagnostics as well as the further time course of many neurodegenerative diseases. Until recently, no reliable biomarker for NPH was evaluated. The attempt of this review was to make a survey concerning cytokines as possible NPH markers. Among all reviewed cytokines, the most promising are CSF IL-10 and IL-33, enabling to follow-up the disease progression and monitoring the effectiveness of the shunt insertion., L. Sosvorova, M. Mohapl, J. Vcelak, M. Hill, J. Vitku, R. Hampl., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1146. The impact of sound exposure on heart rate variability in adolescent students
- Creator:
- Veternik, M, Ingrid Tonhajzerová, Jiří Míšek, Jakusova, V, Henrieta Hudečková, and Ján Jakuš
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- Type:
- model:article and TEXT
- Subject:
- autonomní nervový systém, zvuk, nos, autonomic nervous system, noise, heart rate variability, cardiac regulation, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Previous studies of physiological responses to music and noise showed the effect on the autonomic nervous system. The heart rate variability (HRV) has been used to assess the activation of the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nervous systems. The present study was aimed to examine HRV with exposure to four sine-wave pure tones (20 Hz, 50 Hz, 2 kHz and 15 kHz) in an environment where the sound intensity exceeded level 65 dB (A-weighted). The participants (20 adolescent girls) were lying in supine position during exposure protocol divided into 6 periods, the first time with generated sounds and the second time without sounds. In the protocol without sound exposure, the low frequency band of the HRV spectrum was increased compared to the basal state before examination (period_1: 6.05±0.29 ms2 compared to period_5: 6.56±0.20 ms2, p<0.05). The significant increase of root Mean Square of the Successive Differences (rMSSD, period_1: 4.09±0.16 s compared to period_6: 4.33±0.12 s, p<0.05) and prolongation of R to R peak (RR) interval (period_1: 889±30 ms compared to period_5: 973±30 ms, p<0.001) were observed in the protocol without sound exposure comparing to the protocol with sound exposure where only bradycardia was observed. Contrary to rather polemical data in literature our pilot study suggests that sounds (under given frequencies) have no impact on the heart rate variability and cardiac autonomic regulation., M. Veternik, I. Tonhajzerova, J. Misek, V. Jakusova, H. Hudeckova, J. Jakus., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1147. The importance of age and statin therapy in the interpretation of Lp-PLA2 in ACS patients, and relation to CRP
- Creator:
- Janka Franeková, Jiří Kettner, Kubíček, Z., and Antonín Jabor
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- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, biologické markery, akutní koronární syndromy, biological markers, acute coronary syndromes, plaque, atherosclerotic, c-reactive protein, phospholipase A2, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- C-reactive protein (CRP) is a marker of arterial inflammation while lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) is related to plaque instability. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between the risk of unstable plaque presenting as acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and Lp-PLA2, and to assess the influence of statins on interpretation of Lp-PLA2. A total of 362 consecutive patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with acute chest pain suggestive of ACS were evaluated by cardiologists as STEMI, NSTEMI, or unstable angina, and non- ACS. Serum biomarkers measured on admission: troponin I, Creactive protein (Abbott), and Lp-PLA2 (DiaDexus). Four groups were defined according to the final diagnos-; non- ACS/statin+. Lp-PLA2 was highest in ACS/statin- group; statins decreased Lp-PLA2 both in ACS and non-ACS of about 20 %. Lp- PLA2 was higher in ACS patients in comparison with non-ACS patients group without respect to statin therapy (p<0.001). Lp- PLA2 predicted worse outcome (in terms of acute coronary syndrome) effectively in patients up to 62 years; limited prediction was found in older patients. C-reactive protein (CRP) failed to discriminate four groups of patients. Statin therapy and age should be taken into consideration while interpreting Lp-PLA2 concentrations and lower cut-off values should be used for statintreated persons., J. Franeková, J. Kettner, Z. Kubíček, A. Jabor., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
1148. The importance of the selection of appropriate reference genes for gene expression profiling in adrenal medulla or sympathetic ganglia of spontaneously hypertensive rat
- Creator:
- Vavřínová, A., Michal Behuliak, and Josef Zicha
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- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, sympatický nervový systém, sympathetic nervous system, adrenal medulla, gene expression profiling, reference gene selection, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Catecholaminergic system plays an important role in hypertension development. The available results on mRNA expression of catecholaminergic system genes in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) are often contradictory. One of the possible causes might be the use of various reference genes as internal controls. In the present study, we searched for suitable reference genes in adrenal medulla or sympathetic ganglia of SHR and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats, which would enable reliable comparison of mRNA expression between these two strains. The mRNA expression was measured by quantitative real-time PCR in adrenal medulla and superior cervical ganglia of 4-week-old or 24-week-old SHR and WKY rats. We evaluated 12 reference genes by three software tools (Normfinder, BestKeeper, geNorm) and compared them for the standardization of mRNA expression. Combination of reference genes Hprt1 and Ywhaz in adrenal medulla and Gapdh and 18S in sympathetic ganglia were chosen as the best ones. 18S was found as applicable reference gene in both tissues. We found many alterations in expression of catecholaminergic system genes in adrenal medulla and sympathetic ganglia of SHR. The usage of the most or the least stable reference gene as internal control changed results moderately in sympathetic ganglia but seriously in adrenal medulla. For example, tyrosine hydroxylase (Th) gene was underexpressed in adrenal medulla of adult SHR using the appropriate reference gene but unchanged after the standardization to the least stable reference gene. Our results indicate the importance of appropriate internal control. The suitability of reference genes should be checked again in the case of change in experimental conditions., A. Vavřínová, M. Behuliak, J. Zicha., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1149. The in vivo effects of adenine-induced chronic kidney disease on some renal and hepatic function and CYP450 metabolizing enzymes
- Creator:
- Al Za’abi, M., Shalaby, A., Manoj, P., and Ali, B. H.
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- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, metabolismus léčiv, drug metabolism, adenine, cytochrome P450, chronic kidney disease, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Adenine-induced model of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a widely used model especially in studies testing novel nephroprotective agents. We investigated the effects of adenineinduced CKD in rats on the activities of some xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in liver and kidneys, and on some in vivo indicators of drug metabolism (viz pentobarbitone sleeping time, and plasma concentration of theophylline 90 min post administration). CKD was induced by orally feeding adenine (0.25 % w/w) for 35 days. Adenine induced all the characteristics of CKD, which was confirmed by biochemical and histological findings. Glutathione concentration and activities of some enzymes involved in its metabolism were reduced in kidneys and livers of rats with CKD. Renal CYP450 1A1 activity was significantly inhibited by adenine, but other measured isoenzymes (1A2, 3A4 and 2E1) were not significantly affected. Adenine significantly prolonged pentobarbitone-sleeping time and increased plasma theophylline concentration 90 min post administration. Adenine also induced a moderate degree of hepatic damages as indicated histologically and by significant elevations in some plasma enzymes. The results suggest that adenine-induced CKD is associated with significant in vivo inhibitory activities on some drug-metabolizing enzymes, with most of the effect on the kidneys rather than the liver., M. Al Za’abi, A. Shalaby, P. Manoj, B. H. Ali., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public
1150. The influence of insulin on the in vitro development of mouse and bovine embryos
- Creator:
- Mihalik, J., Rehák, P., and Juraj Koppel
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- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, inzulin, insulin, preimplantation embryo, mouse, bovine, development, 14, and 612
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- To further investigate the role of insulin during preimplantation embryo development, we compared the effects of insulin on the development of mouse and bovine preimplantation embryos and on cell proliferation during culture in vitro in simplex media. The influence of insulin on the development of mouse zygotes was determined during cultivation in mSOF medium, alone or supplemented with glucose. Similarly, the effects of insulin on the bovine preimplantation embryo development were studied in mSOF medium. The addition of insulin into mSOF medium enhanced significantly the number of cells per mouse blastocyst. Moreover, when mSOF medium was supplemented with insulin and 0.2 mmol.l-1 glucose, the percentage of hatched blastocysts and the mean cell number of mouse blastocysts were significantly higher. Insulin had no significant effect on the development of bovine embryos, produced by in vitro fertilization of in vitro matured oocytes. Neither the rates of developing embryos nor the mean number of cells in blastocysts were different in comparison with control embryos. Our results suggest that the in vitro development of mouse embryos could be enhanced by the addition of insulin to the culture medium and is further improved by the addition of glucose. In contrast to this our results indicate that insulin has no detectable beneficial effect on the preimplantation development of bovine embryos in mSOF medium., J. Mihalik, P. Rehák, J. Koppel., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public