The aim of this study was to ascertain the persistence of heart rate and blood pressure oscillations at the onset of voluntary apnea in humans and to assess the dependence of the fluctuations` parameters on the chemoreceptor activity. In 24 young subjects (10 males, 14 females, mean age 20.4 years) heart rate (represented by its reciprocal value - RR-intervals), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) during controlled breathing (CB) of atmospheric air and oxygen followed by apnea were recorded continuously. The cosine functions were then fitted by nonlinear regression analysis to the heart rate, SBP and DBP oscillations during CB and at the onset of apnea. The parameters of oscillations were different during atmospheric air breathing compared to oxygen breathing. During oxygen breathing there was an increase of the RR-interval oscillations - relative bradycardia and enhanced magnitude of respiratory sinus arythmia. During apnea, the base level of the blood pressure oscillations was higher after breathing of atmospheric air compared o oxygen breathing. At least one cosine-like wave oscillation was present at the onset of apnea in the heart rate, SBP and DBP and the second wave was present in all assessed parameters in at least 70 % of recordings. The oscillations in RR-intervals are, to some extent, independent of blood pressure oscillations. No significant gender differences were found either in the duration of breath holding or in the RR and SBP oscillations parameters., M. Javorka, I. Žila, K. Javorka, A. Čalkovská., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Studie je věnována vztahu tzv. prověrek třídně politické spolehlivosti, které probíhaly v roce 1958, a Univerzity Karlovy. V první části autoři zasazují prověrky do dobových souvislostí a na základě archivních dokumentů ústřední provenience se pokoušejí sledovat jejich genezi a vztah k oblasti vysokého školství obecně. Druhá část je věnována analýze konkrétních případů ze společenskovědních fakult Univerzity Karlovy, jež byly v dosavadní literatuře dávány do přímé souvislosti s prověrkami. Podle závěru autorů opřeného o archivní výzkum prověrky Univerzitu Karlovu na rozdíl od některých jiných vysokých škol přímo nezasáhly., In the first part of the paper the authors examine the so-called screenings of class political loyalty in the context of the era and follow the genesis of the screenings in universities as a whole based on archival resources of central provenance. The second part is devoted to an analysis of particular cases in the faculties of social sciences and humanities at Charles University that have been identified in existing literature. On the basis of archival research the authors conclude that, contrary to some other universities in Czechoslovakia, the screenings did not directly affect Charles University. (Translated by Catherine Albrecht.), and Překlad resumé: Catherine Albrecht