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1372. Transgenerational effect of UV-B priming on photochemistry and associated metabolism in rice seedlings subjected to PEG-induced osmotic stress

Creator:
Sen, A., Puthur, J. T., Challabathula, D., and Brestič, M.
Format:
počítač and online zdroj
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
mitochondria activity, Oryza sativa, photosynthetic machinery, priming memory, and stress proteins
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
Rice being the major food crop for more than half of the world population is severely affected by drought stress starting from the establishment of the seedling. We focused on the UV-B priming mediated transgenerational drought tolerance of a drought-tolerant rice variety (Vaisakh) towards polyethylene glycol (PEG) 6,000 (20%)-induced drought. Results showed that priming in F0 generation and re-priming in F1 generation with UV-B enhanced the PEG stress tolerance potential of rice seedlings with increased expression of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes and stress-related proteins offering better protection to primed plants. UV-B priming maintained oxidative homeostasis of the plant cell thus ensuring uninterrupted mitochondrial and photosynthetic activities. Cumulatively, our results suggest that the transgenerational priming memory retained in the seeds is transferred to offspring without any loss. Moreover, re-priming in F1 generation further boosted the innate tolerance potential of a tolerant variety resulting in stable cellular redox homeostasis.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1373. Treatment with cholecalciferol leads to increase of selected semen parameters in young infertile males: results of a 6-month interventional study

Creator:
Bartl, Igor, Ondrušová, Miroslava, Kužma, Martin, Jackuliak, Peter, Gažová, Andrea, Kyselovič, Ján, and Payer, Juraj
Format:
počítač and online zdroj
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
fyziologie člověka, lékařství, vitamin D, human physiology, medicine, Vitamin D receptor, Infertility, Male health, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
High incidence of infertility along with low vitamin D levels was detected in otherwise healthy young men. The aim is to observe the effect of vitamin D supplementation on semen parameters as assessed by semen analysis in infertile men. In total, 45 men (mean age 36.6 years) in consecutive order were included, of whom 34 finished the study. Subjects were supplemented by vitamin D (cholecalciferol) 2500 IU/day. Vitamin D levels were assessed by HPLC. Semen analysis was performed strictly following 2010 WHO guidelines. Study periods were baseline and month 6. During follow-up, 20 %, 7.4 %, 22 % and 0.7 % increase in serum vitamin D levels, progressive sperm motility, sperm concentration and sperm morphology, respectively, were observed (all p<0.05). At follow-up end, 9 patients (26 %) reached normal sperm parameters of whom 2 fertilized their partner. There was no correlation between vitamin D and semen parameters observed. This study proves that vitamin D supplementation is possibly a modulator of sperm parameters in vitamin D deficient, otherwise healthy men. Although a direct relationship between vitamin D and sperm parameters was not observed obtaining adequate vitamin D levels could likely play a role in the male factor of infertility., Igor Bartl, Miroslava Ondrušová, Martin Kužma, Peter Jackuliak, Andrea Gažová, Ján Kyselovič, Juraj Payer., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1374. Treatment with coenzyme Q10, ω-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids and their combination improved bioenergetics and levels of coenzyme Q9 and Q10 in skeletal muscle mitochondria in experimental model of arthritis

Creator:
Kucharská, Jarmila, Poništ, Silvester, Vančová, Oľga, Gvozdjáková, Anna, Uličná, Oľga, Slovák, Lukáš, Taghdisiesfejir, Mohsen, and Bauerová, Katarína
Format:
počítač and online zdroj
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
artritida, koenzym Q10, arthritis, coenzyme Q10, omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids, mitochondrial bioenergetics, skeletal muscle, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its animal model adjuvant arthritis (AA) are inflammatory diseases characterized by chronic inflammation, systemic oxidative stress and disturbed mitochondrial bioenergetics of skeletal muscle. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of coenzyme Q10 - CoQ10 (100 mg/kg b.w.), omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids - ω-3-PUFA (400 mg/kg b.w.) and their combined treatment in AA on impaired skeletal muscle mitochondrial bioenergetics, inflammation and changes in levels CoQ9 and CoQ10 in plasma. Markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein, monocytechemotactic protein-1), antioxidant capacity of plasma, respiratory chain parameters of skeletal muscle mitochondria and concentrations of CoQ9 and CoQ10 in plasma and in muscle tissue were estimated. Treatment of the arthritic rats with CoQ10, ω-3-PUFA alone and in combination partially reduced markers of inflammation and increased antioxidant capacity of plasma, significantly increased concentrations of coenzyme Q in mitochondria and improved mitochondrial function in the skeletal muscle. Combined treatment has similar effect on the mitochondrial function as monotherapies; however, it has affected inflammation and antioxidant status more intensively than monotherapies. Long-term supplementary administration of coenzyme Q10 and ω-3-PUFA and especially their combination is able to restore the impaired mitochondrial bioenergetics and antioxidant status in AA., Jarmila Kucharská, Silvester Poništ, Oľga Vančová, Anna Gvozdjáková, Oľga Uličná, Lukáš Slovák, Mohsen Taghdisiesfejir, Katarína Bauerová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1376. Tri-trophic interaction involving host plants, black legume aphid, Aphis craccivora (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and the predator, Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Creator:
Routray, Snehasish
Format:
print, počítač, and online zdroj
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Zoologie, polokřídlí, mšicovití, slunéčkovití, mšice, Hemiptera, Aphididae, Coccinellidae, aphids, Aphis craccivora, Coleoptera, Cheilomenes sexmaculata, tri-trophic interaction, host plants, 2, and 59
Language:
English
Description:
Interactions involving host plants (cowpea, groundnut, cotton, sunflower, greengram, blackgram) an insect herbivore, black legume aphid Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and a predator, the zigzag beetle Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) were investigated during 2014-2015. The preference of the aphid A. craccivora for host plants measured in terms of growth and multiplication was cowpea > groundnut > greengram > blackgram > sunflower > cotton (most preferred to least preferred). Cowpea was the most preferred host plant for growth and multiplication of A. craccivora. Aphid's oviposition period was longest, fecundity greatest; adult longevity longest (188.40 ± 28.87 h; 52.00 ± 10.92; 231.60 ± 40.41 h), and nymphal mortality was lowest (0%) when reared on cowpea followed by groundnut, greengram and blackgram. Aphids had highest nymphal mortality (100%), with very few or no live adults produced, when reared on sunflower and cotton, the least preferred host of A. craccivora in this study. At the third trophic level, both the larvae and the adults of the coccinellid, Cheilomenes sexmaculata, consumed more of the aphids reared on groundnut than of those reared on blackgram, greengram, cowpea, sunflower and cotton. The biochemical constituents (phenols) present in cotton and sunflower, which contributed to the aphid's nymphal mortality, also affected the feeding behaviour of the coccinellid., Snehasish Routray, Karnam V. Hari Prasad., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1377. Tribute to Jean Lavorel (1928-2021), an outstanding experimenter and a brilliant theorist of photosynthesis

Creator:
Govindjee, G., De Kouchkovsky, Y., and Garab, G.
Format:
počítač and online zdroj
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Jean Lavorel
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
Tribute to Jean Lavorel (16 March 1928–12 January 2021), a pioneer of the ‘Light Reactions of Photosynthesis’. He was known not only for his ingenuity in devising new instruments but in thoroughly analyzing all the available data theoretically and mathematically – mostly all by himself. He measured, elegantly, oxygen evolution and light given off by photosynthetic organisms, both prompt and delayed chlorophyll fluorescence. He ingeniously used these data to understand how light energy is converted to chemical energy in natural systems. We present below a summary of his life and research.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1378. Trichinellosis in Serbia has become a rare event - one outbreak with pulmonary complications

Creator:
Mitic, Ivana, Vasilev, Sasa, Korac, Milos, Ilic, Natasa, Bojic, Biljana, Gruden-Movsesijan, Alisa, and Sofronic-Milosavljevic, Ljiljana
Format:
počítač and online zdroj
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Trichinella spiralis, outbreak, and uninspected pork
Language:
English
Description:
An outbreak of trichinellosis occurred in Stari Banovci, a settlement in the municipality of Stara Pazova, Srem, Republic of Serbia, in March-April 2019. A total of 28 persons were exposed and trichinellosis was confirmed in 24 of them. This outbreak involved members of eight families, their relatives and friends. The infection, due to Trichinella spiralis (Owen, 1835), was associated with consumption of pork sausages procured in a local butcher's shop. The trace-back study revealed that the meat originated from swine that was raised on a small farm belonging to the owner of the shop, who did not have permission from the Veterinary Directorate for slaughtering animals and who put on the market sausages prepared from uninspected meat. Trichinellosis was accompanied by typical clinical symptoms. However, the unusual occurrence of high percentage of pulmonary complications was noticed. The description of this outbreak indicates that medical practitioners should initiate treatment immediately in cases of high suspicion of trichinellosis, even if the serology is negative, to prevent the complications of the disease. In spite of significant achievements in the control of Trichinella infection among domestic pigs and humans in the last 10 years, it is obvious that such cases of breeding animals under inappropriate conditions, slaughtering them without approval and placing uninspected pork on the market represent a source of sporadic outbreaks in Serbia.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

1379. Trichomonosis in Eurasian sparrowhawks in the Czech Republic

Creator:
Tomáš Kunca, Smejkalová, Pavla, and Ivan Čepička
Format:
electronic, počítač, and online zdroj
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
parazitologie, parasitology, Accipiter nisus, avian trichomonosis, ITS region, Trichomonas gallinae, SSU rDNA, 2, and 59
Language:
English
Description:
Pigeon, doves and songbirds are hosts of the parasite Trichomonas gallinae (Rivolta, 1878), which causes avian trichomonosis. Raptors are infected when they digest infected prey. A high percentage of the diet of Eurasian sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus (Linnaeus) is comprised of birds. During the breeding season 2012 and 2013, we clinically tested 298 nestling Eurasian sparrowhawks from urban and rural areas of the Czech Republic for the presence of trichomonads. Sparrowhawk nestlings in the urban area were more infected (32.9%) than in the rural area (12.2%) in 2012 (χ2 = 6.184, P = 0.045). The number of infected nestlings dropped in the urban area (5.4%) and remained similar in the rural area (16.6%) in 2013. Sequences of ITS region and SSU rDNA confirmed that the isolates from infected sparrowhawk nestlings belonged to Trichomonas gallinae., Tomáš Kunca, Pavla Smejkalová, Ivan Čepička., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

1380. Trophic induction of diapause in native and invasive populations of Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)

Creator:
Ovchinnikova, Antonina A., Ovchinnikov, Andrey N., Dolgovskaya, Margarita Yu., Reznik, Sergey Ya., and Belyakova, Natalia A.
Format:
print, počítač, and online zdroj
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Zoologie, brouci, slunéčkovití, slunéčko východní, beetles, Coccinellidae, Harmonia axyridis, Coleoptera, photoperiod, diet, diapause, invasion, 2, and 59
Language:
English
Description:
Ovipositing females from invasive (Krasnodar Territory of Russia) and native (Far East of Russia) populations of Harmonia axyridis were fed one of a set of diets ranging from 50 Myzus persicae aphids every day to 1 aphid every 10 days and all were also provided with a 10% sugar solution. The experiment was conducted at 20°C under short (12 h) and long (18 h) day conditions. Most of the females from the native population that consumed 50 or 10 aphids per day continued to oviposit under both long and short day conditions. Females that consumed 1 aphid per day or every 2 days practically stopped laying eggs but under long day conditions their ovaries were still active, whereas under short day conditions ca 50% of them were reproductively inactive (only germaria present) and had a well-developed fat body. Further reduction in diet resulted in an increase in the proportion of reproductively inactive females. However, about half of the females that terminated oogenesis under long day conditions had poorly developed fat bodies, which indicates that diapause was not induced. For the females from the invasive population, both photoperiodic and trophic effects were weak: under short day conditions, some females entered diapause when prey was abundant, whereas about 50% (independent of photoperiod) did not enter diapause when starved. This risk-spreading strategy, possibly, facilitates the adaptation of this invasive ladybird to unpredictable environmental conditions., Antonina A. Ovchinnikova, Andrey N. Ovchinnikov, Margarita Yu. Dolgovskaya, Sergey Ya. Reznik, Natalia A. Belyakova., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public