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212. Stanislav Komárek: Ochlupení bližní: recenze z pohledu zoologa
- Creator:
- Jan Robovský
- Format:
- Type:
- article, recenze, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, zvířata, člověk a zvíře, ochrana zvířat, 2, and 59
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- [autor recenze] Jan Robovský.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
213. Stanovištní činitele ovlivňující rozšíření brouků vázaných na mrtvé dřevo
- Creator:
- Jakub Horák
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, brouci, mrtvé dřevo, lesní ekosystémy, 2, and 59
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Saproxylic beetles are one of the most studied groups of organisms. This article summarize the key habitat featuresposition, insolation, diameter, decay stage and tree species – which influence the general distribution of beetles dependent on dead wood. and Jakub Horák.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
214. Structure of scuttle fly communities (Diptera: Phoridae) in two habitats on a Mediterranean mountain
- Creator:
- García-Romera, Carlos and Barrientos, José A.
- Format:
- print, počítač, and online zdroj
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, dvoukřídlí, Diptera, Phoridae, diversity, Montseny, beech forest, scrubland, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Phoridae (scuttle flies) are widely distributed, occur in many types of habitats and are ecologically versatile, which makes them an excellent bioindicator group for evaluating faunal diversity. The structure of scuttle fly communities was compared in two Mediterranean habitats in the Montseny Natural Park (Catalonia, Spain) that differ in vegetation and microclimate: beech forest and highland scrubland. 3684 male individuals belonging to 135 species of scuttle flies were identified. Scuttle flies were more abundant in beech forest than scrubland. Observed and estimated species richness were lower in scrubland than in beech forest, while diversity was similar in both habitats. Community evenness was greater in scrubland than beech forest. Therefore, the percentage of dominant and subdominant species was higher in scrubland than beech forest, while the percentage of rare species was higher in beech forest than scrubland. Scuttle fly species composition was significantly different in the two habitats, but it was similar among plots within the same habitat. Megaselia pectoralis (Wood, 1910) and Megaselia subpleuralis (Wood, 1909) were the dominant species in beech forest, while Megaselia pusilla (Meigen, 1830), Megaselia pumila (Meigen, 1830), Megaselia superciliata (Wood, 1910) and Megaselia diversa (Wood, 1909) were the dominant species in scrubland. Trophic specialization was higher in beech forest than scrubland. Saprophages were the dominant trophic group in beech forest, while fungivores and polyphages were dominant in scrubland. The high biodiversity of scuttle flies recorded in the Montseny Natural Park indicates that there is also a high diversity of other taxa there and that these Mediterranean mountains are of high conservation status., Carlos García-Romera, José A. Barrientos., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
215. Substrát, půda, vegetace a měkkýši. 2. Svědectví měkkýšů o historii naší přírody a krajiny
- Creator:
- Vojen Ložek
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, půda, vegetace, měkkýši, příroda, krajina, 2, and 59
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Fossil molluscan successions from ca 450 sites provide evidence of the paleo-environmental history of the Czech Republic and Slovakia during the Quaternary. They not only reflect the Quaternary cycle of warm and cold phases but also a number of various events, such as the impact of the cold oscillation at 8,2 ky BP or the detailed reconstruction in time and space of the habitat patchwork in areas where other fossils are sparse or absent, particularly in karstlands, in the full scale of elevations. and Vojen Ložek.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
216. Succession in ant communities (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in deciduous forest clear-cuts - an Eastern European case study
- Creator:
- Tăuşan, Ioan, Dauber, Jens, Trică, Maria R., and Markó, Bálint
- Format:
- print, počítač, and online zdroj
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, blanokřídlí, mravencovití, opadavé lesy, Hymenoptera, ants, deciduous forests, Formicidae, secondary succession, clear-cutting, community structure, pitfall traps, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Clear-cutting, the main method of harvesting in many forests in the world, causes a series of dramatic environmental changes to the forest habitat and removes habitat resources for arboreal and epigeal species. It results in considerable changes in the composition of both plant and animal communities. Ants have many critical roles in the maintenance and functioning of forest ecosystems. Therefore, the response of ants to clear-cutting and the time it takes for an ant community to recover after clear-cutting are important indicators of the effect of this harvesting technique on the forest ecosystem. We investigated ground-dwelling ant communities during secondary succession of deciduous forests in Transylvania, Romania. Using space-for-time substitution, we explored a chronosequence from clear-cuts to mature forests (> 120 years). The object was to determine if cutting has measurable effects on ant community structure, and if ant species richness differs between successional stages. We recorded a total of 24 species of ants, 11 characteristic of forests and seven of open landscape. Ant species richness was higher in clear-cuts compared to closed-canopy and old stands. Number of ant individuals was highest in young age classes and lowest in closed-canopy age classes. There was no drastic change in species richness during the succession, however differences in community composition at different stages were recorded. Open landscape species are able to rapidly colonize following disturbance but disappear when the forest sites mature and many forest ant species are capable of surviving clear cutting., Ioan Tăuşan, Jens Dauber, Maria R. Trică, Bálint Markó., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
217. Survival, body mass and potential fecundity of the invasive moth Cameraria ohridella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) on its original host plant Aesculus hippocastanum and Aesculus glabra
- Creator:
- Walczak, Urszula, Baraniak, Edward, and Zduniak, Piotr
- Format:
- print, počítač, and online zdroj
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, motýli, vzpřímenkovití, klíněnka jírovcová, butterflies, Gracillariidae, Cameraria ohridella, Lepidoptera, invasive species, leaf miner, herbivore performance, Aesculus hippocastanum, Aesculus glabra, 2, and 59
- Language:
- English
- Description:
- Performance of the invasive horse-chestnut leaf miner, Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimic, 1986 (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), was studied on two host plants: the white-flowering horse-chestnut Aesculus hippocastanum L. and the Ohio buckeye Aesculus glabra Willd. C. ohridella developed successfully on both host plants; however, mine density and survival were much higher on A. hippocastanum than on A. glabra. The pupal mass and potential fecundity were strongly affected by the host plant on which the larvae fed. On A. hippocastanum pupae were significantly heavier and females more fecund than those on A. glabra. Furthermore, on both host plants there was a significant positive correlation between the number of oocytes in ovaries and pupal body mass, and as a consequence, heavier females produced more eggs. Our study demonstrates that the mine density, survival, pupal mass and potential fecundity were significantly lower on A. glabra than on A. hippocastanum. The observed lower performance of C. ohridella on the exotic host plant was assumed to be due to its poor food quality (nutritional and chemical composition)., Urszula Walczak, Edward Baraniak, Piotr Zduniak., and Obsahuje bibliografii
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
218. Systematika ovcí: stále poněkud nepřehledno
- Creator:
- Jiří Klimeš and Ivan Literák
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, ovce, systematická zoologie, 2, and 59
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Cuckoos parasitize many rare and inconspicuous host species but avoid other common and conspicuous ones. In this article, results of a study that solved this long-standing ecological conundrum are described. I use this work to illustrate va - rious weaknesses of typical ecological studies (sample size, data representativeness, reification) and give suggestions for a better research practice in the future. and Jiří Klimeš, Ivan Literák.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
219. Tajemní kopytníci dalekého východu - kabaři
- Creator:
- Pluháček, Jan
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, 4 barev. fot. a il, savci, ohrožené druhy živočichů, mammals, endangered animals, Asie východní, 2, and 59
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- Čeleď kabarovitých představuje pro většinu lidí nejméně zajímavou čeleď kopytníků. Zahrnuje 7 málo známých druhů žijících ve východní Asii (od východního Afghánistánu přes Himálaj, Tibet a Čínu po střední a východní Sibiř). Tento článek obsahuje hlavní charakteristiky jednotlivých druhů včetně jejich fylogeneze a shrnuje dosavadní znalostí o životě kabarů. Vzhledem k tomu, že kabaři představují významný zdroj pro tradiční čínskou medicínu, stávají se v poslední době i jednou z nejvíce ohrožených čeledí kopytníků., The family Moschidae involves 7 species of musk deer, inhabiting forests and mountains of East Asia (from Afghanistan to the Himalayas, from Tibet and China to Siberia). This article summarizes current knowledge of individual species characteristics, including their phylogeny and natural history. Since these animals are a valuable source for the traditional Chinese medicine, they are the most endangered ungulate species in the world., and Jan Pluháček.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public
220. Tajemní východoafričtí gekončíci rodu Holodactylus
- Creator:
- Konečný, Pavel and Tomáš Mazuch
- Format:
- Type:
- article, články, model:article, and TEXT
- Subject:
- Zoologie, gekončíci, ještěři, Afrika východní, 2, and 59
- Language:
- Czech
- Description:
- There are two genera of Eublepharid geckos described in Africa – Hemitheconyx and Holodactylus. The morphological differences of both species of genus Holodactylus – H. africanus and H. cornii, living in the Horn of Africa, are described. Although the basic information on ethology is also discussed, it is obvious that there are still many secrets concerning these interesting lizards. and Pavel Konečný, Tomáš Mazuch.
- Rights:
- http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public