Chemical Quantitative Phase Analysis (CQPA) suggested originally for magmatic rocks (Klika et al., 1986) now is tested for the quantitative mineral determination of coal. This method is based on the optimization procedure. For the evaluation of mineral contents, 5 coal samples were selected and the following analytical data were determined: a) chemical analyses (XRF, titrimetric and gravimetric analytical methods), b) qualitative mineral composition (the X-ray powder diffraction, SEM-EDX and image analyses), c) crystallochemical formulae of minerals. The calculated percentages of minerals obtained by CQPA were compared with calculated percentages of minerals obtained by Raask´s method. Simple statistical evaluation showed that calculation of minerals by CQPA program delivers considerable improvement of results., Michal Ritz and Zdeněk Klika., and Obsahuje bibliografii
A method of determination the apparent resistyvity of the ground’s near-surface la yers from measurements of the mutual impedance of a loop antenna system operating at a high frequency is presented. An analysis of the sensitivity of mutual impedance to variation in the parameters of conducting half space at different frequencies had been carried out. Additionally influence of displacement current on measured mutual impedance values was discussed. A frequency of measuring system was selected in order to obtain a high sensitivity of the measuring system to detection inhomogeneities characterised by small dimensions and low apparent resistyvity contrast. The measuring system and the method of interpreting measurement results were described. The results of field measurements were presented., Grzegorz Beziuk and Remigiusz Mydlikowski., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
This study shows the test usage of Mobile Automated Astronomical System No. 1 (M AAS-1) in a local network with an are a of approximately 50 km sq. The network has been built-up especially for experimental purposes to compare the local quasigeoid model determined by three different methods, namely GNSS-levelling, astronomical levelling and gravimetry. The network consists of 34 core points where the astronomic and geodetic coordinates have been measured. Subsequently, the measured data have been processed to obtain vertical deflections and to determine the quasigeoid heights by astronomical levelling. Afterwards, the quasigeoid model has been independently determined also using gravimetric measurements and by the method of GNSS-levelling. In this paper the results of th e comparison of quasigeoid models are being presented. The overall agreement of independently determin ed quasigeoids is on the level of 3 mm. After an overall accuracy evaluation of resulting quasigeoid model authors discuss the benef its of astronomical measur ements using MAAS-1., Tomáš Volařík, Radovan Machotka, Michal Kuruc, Lukáš Puchrik and Josef Jurčík., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
This paper describes the researches upon the precise short-time GPS solutions made in the Centre of Applied Geomatics, Military University of Technology. The data from ASG-EUPOS (Polish Active Geodetic Network) was processed using Bernese 5.0 software and EPN (EUREF Permanent Network) standards and models. In this study, the adopted 3-hour observation window is shifted every hour obtaining geocentric coordinates in ITRF2005 reference frame. The adjusted network consisted of over 130 stations from Poland and the neighbouring countries, the period covered observations collected from 8.06.2008 to 18.06.2010. These two years of observations allowed to examine short-period oscillations which we found as closely related to the tidal (dynamic) frequencies. The analysis of the residua from IERS2003 tidal model was performed using least squares method with the Eterna software upon the idea of Chojnicki. It confirmed existence of the significant energy in the frequencies corresponding to S1, K1 and K2. The effects in S1 frequency reflect thermal influences, but the reasons of K1 and K2 existence could be both: dynamic (liquid core resonance and non-linearity of K1 are very difficult for modelling as well as the annual modulation of S1) or artificial (GPS satellites’ orbiting period, dynamic changes of satellites’ constellation and network geometry, multipath, residual tropospheric and ionospheric errors etc.). Since the phase of K1 for all 130 sites is very inconsistent the local effects could be also taken into account as one of the possible reasons. The paper describes the idea of the data processing and analysis, presents the results of vertical (Up component) oscillations in main tidal frequency bands, but also includes the discussion on the possible explanation of existence of short period oscillations in GPS precise solutions., Janusz Bogusz and Jan Hefty., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Using synthetic data we study the possibility of determining 1-D velocity models of the upper crust from P- and S-wave arrival times in the case of a narrow depth interval of seismic sources and sparse distribution of stations. The test is tailored to a similar real situation in one subregion of the western part of the Corinth Gulf, Greece. Two kinds of models are studied: (i) models composed of layers with constant velocity gradients, and (ii) models composed of homogeneous layers. To derive the structural models from arrival times, the Neighbourhood Algorithm of Sambridge (1999) is used, combined with the grid search for source locations. Weighted P- and S-wave arrival time residuals are used as the misfit function. Accurate and perturbed synthetic arrival times are used. The velocities at medium depths, with a fast velocity increase, are well determined in both models for the accurate data. However, the determination of velocity is less certain in the uppermost 5 km for the gradient model, and in the deepest layer for the model composed of homogeneous layers for the perturbed data. The presence or absence of hypocentres in the uppermost or in the second layer influences notably the obtained velocity in these layers in both models., Jaromír Janský, Vladimír Plicka and Oldřich Novotný., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Otázka, jak prosperují děti po rozvodu svých rodičů je závažná, protože rozvodovost je vysoká. Funkční rodina je považována za jeden ze základních předpokladů zdárného vývoje dítěte. Proto vzbuzuje rozvod a události s ním spojené stálou intenzivní pozornost. Základní otázka je, jak rozvod ovlivňuje zdravotní stav a prosperitu dětí. Metaanalýzy výsledků studií konstatují, že děti z rozvedených rodin zakoušejí častěji obtíže v chování a přizpůsobení v dětství, adolescenci a až do dospělosti. Na porozvodových situacích je nejnápadnější velká rozmanitost způsobů, jak se s nimi rodiče i děti vyrovnávají. Závažným negativním faktorem je porozvodový rodičovský konflikt. Reakce dětí na rozvod a porozvodový rodičovský konflikt závisí na jejich věku. Vážné emoční problémy a problémy s chováním má 20 až 25 procent dětí z rozvedených rodin ve srovnání s 10 procenty dětí z nerozvedených rodin., Question after prosperity of children after parental divorce is important as divorce rate is high. Functional family is regarded as one of most important prerequisites of children prosperity. Thats why divorce invites intensive attention. The fundamentals question is how divorce influences the health and prosperity of children. Metanalysis of divorce studies find the children from divorced families experiences more frequent behavioral and adjustment problems. Most striking is the after divorce conditions and the way the children and parents challenge them vary to a great extend. The serious negative factor is the after divorce conflict. Child reaction to divorce and post divorce conflict depends on their age. Serious emotional problems have 20 to 26 percent of children in comparison to 10 percent of children form intact families., Josef Pavlát., and Obsahuje seznam literatury
Many physiological and pathological processes in the cardiac tissue have been shown to be associated with a release of endothelin (ET) peptides and with induction of specific ET-receptors and G-protein-coupled ion channels. However, the exact mechanism regulating ET-receptors in the myocardium is controversial. The response to ET-1, the most important member of the ET family, is rapidly attenuated by down-regulation of ET-receptors. The internalization of ET-1 bound to two subclasses of specific receptors (ETA and ETB) that are abundant in the myocardium has been hypothesized to activate and/or inhibit a variety of intracellular signal transducing systems. The [125I]ET-1, BQ-3020 and selective ET-antagonists were used to study the subtype-selective component of regulation of ET-1 receptors in myocardial membranes. We determined the characteristics of [125I]ET-1 binding and [3H]thymidine incorporation in whole cell saturation studies and measured Ca 2+ channel induction and the total number of inactive Ca2+ channels in photoaffinity studies with [3H]azidopine. Here we demonstrate four important components of the complex ET-1 response in human, porcine and rat myocardium, leading to aberrant responses of cells. After ET-1 induction, adaptive subtype-ETB selective down-regulation predominated in human embryonic fibroblasts, in porcine membrane vesicles and in microsomal membranes of renal hypertensive rats, with preferential high affinity ET-1 binding to ETA receptors and with the resultant ETA mediated proliferative and mitogenic activation of human fibroblasts. The ET-1 induction was also accompanied by profound inactivation of Ca2+ channels in myocardial membranes., J. Dřímal, M. Mislovičová, A. Ismail, F. Monček., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Systolic blood pressure (SBP) changes control the cardiac interbeat intervals (IBI) duration via baroreflex. Conversely, SBP is influenced by IBI via non- baroreflex mechanisms. Both causal pathways (feedback - baroreflex and feedforward - non- baroreflex) form a closed loop of the SBP- IBI interaction. The aim of this study was to assess the age -related changes in the IBI - SBP interaction. We have non -invasively recorded resting beat -to- beat SBP and IBI in 335 healthy subjects of different age, ranging from 11 to 23 years. Using a linear autoregressive bivariate model we obtained gain (Gain SBP,IBI, used traditionally as baroreflex sensitivity) and coherence (CohSBP,IBI) of the SBP-IBI interaction and causal gain and coherence in baroreflex (Gain SBP → IBI , Coh SBP → IBI ) and coherence in non- baroreflex (CohIBI→SBP) directions separately. A non -linear approach was used for causal coupling indices evaluation (C SBP → IBI , C IBI → SBP ) quantifying the amount of information transferred between signals. We performed a correlation to age analysis of a ll measures. CohIBI→SBP and CIBI→SBP were higher than CohSBP→IBI and CSBP→IBI, respectively. Gain SBP,IBI increased and Coh SBP → IBI decreased with age. The coupling indices did not correlate with age. We conclude that the feedforward influence dominated at rest. The increase of Gain SBP,IBI with age was not found in the closed loop model. A decrease of Coh SBP → IBI could be related to a change in the cardiovascular control system complexity during maturation., J. Svačinová, M. Javorka, Z. Nováková, E. Závodná, B. Czippelová, N. Honzíková., and Obsahuje bibliografii