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5852. How differences in the settling behaviour of moths (Lepidoptera) may contribute to sampling bias when using automated light traps

Creator:
Wölfling, Mirko, Becker, Mira C., Uhl, Britta, Traub, Anja, and Fiedler, Konrad
Format:
print, počítač, and online zdroj
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Zoologie, Lepidoptera, moths, biodiversity assessment, sampling method, light-trapping, sampling bias, 2, and 59
Language:
English
Description:
Quantitative community-wide moth surveys frequently employ flight-interception traps equipped with UV-light emitting sources as attractants. It has long been known that moth species differ in their responsiveness to light traps. We studied how the settling behaviour of moths at a light trap may further contribute to sampling bias. We observed the behaviour of 1426 moths at a light tower. Moths were classified as either, settling and remaining still after arrival, or continually moving on the gauze for extended periods of time. Moths that did not move after settling may not end up in the sampling container of the light trap and therefore are under-represented in automated trap samples relative to their true proportions in the community. Our analyses revealed highly significant behavioural differences between moths that differed in body size. Small moths were more likely to remain stationary after settling. As a corollary, representatives of three taxa, which in Europe are predominantly small species (Nolidae, Geometridae: Eupitheciini, Erebidae: Lithosiini), usually settled down immediately, whereas most other moths remained active on or flying around the trap for some time. Moth behaviour was also modulated by ambient temperature. At high temperatures, they were less likely to settle down immediately, but this behavioural difference was most strongly apparent among medium-sized moths. These results indicate the likely extent of the sampling bias when analysing and interpreting automated light-trap samples. Furthermore, to control for temperature modulated sampling bias temperature should always be recorded when sampling moths using flight-interception traps. and Mirko Wölfling, Mira C. Becker, Britta Uhl, Anja Traub, Konrad Fiedler.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

5853. How do we love? Romantic love style in men is related to lower testosterone levels

Creator:
Babková Durdiaková, J., Peter Celec, Koborová, I., Sedláčková, T., Minárik, G., and Daniela Ostatníková
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, journal articles, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, testosteron, testosterone, 2D:4D, love styles, androgen receptor, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Testosterone has been widely investigated in associations with many aspects of social interactions, emotions and behavior. No research has been conducted on its contribution to the variability of love styles in human. The aim of this paper was to uncover the possible relationship between not only the actual plasma testosterone levels, but also the prenatal testosterone level (expressed as 2D:4D ratio) and the sensitivity of androgen receptor and love typology in young healthy men. There are six love styles which are primary including Eros (passionate romantic love), Ludus (playful) and Storge (friendly) and secondary love consisting of Mania (obsessive), Pragma (practical realistic) and Agape (altruistic). Our results pointed out that low testosterone concentrations are associated with higher score for Eros, Ludus, Pragma, Mania love style. No significant association was proved for other tested parameters of androgenicity (2D:4D, sensitivity of androgen receptor) and love style after correction was applied. Different attitudes and behavior in relationships do have a biological foundation related to endogenous testosterone levels in plasma. Future studies should address questions about the family and social background of participants to differentiate here between moral rules or/and social-conventional rules., J. Babková Durdiaková, P. Celec, I. Koborová, T. Sedláčková, G. Minárik, D. Ostatníková., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

5854. How hormones influence composition and physiological function of the brain-blood barrier

Creator:
Richard Hampl, Marie Bičíková, and Sosvorová, L.
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, hematoencefalická bariéra, hormony, blood-brain barrier, hormones, tight junction proteins, paracellular way, protein transporters, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Hormones exert many actions in the brain. Their access and effects in the brain are regulated by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Hormones as other substances may enter the brain and vice versa either by paracellular way requiring breaching tight junctions stitching the endothelial cells composing the BBB, or by passage through the cells (transcellular way). Hormones influence both ways through their receptors, both membrane and intracellular, present on/in the BBB. In the review the main examples are outlined how hormones influence the expression and function of proteins forming the tight junctions, as well as how they regulate expression and function of major protein transporters mediating transport of various substances including hormone themselves., R. Hampl, M. Bičíková, L. Sosvorová., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

5855. How much can we trust some moment tensors or an attempt of seismic moment error estimation: 2 data reinterpretation, methodology improvement

Creator:
Kolář, Petr
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Geologie. Meteorologie. Klimatologie, seizmicita, seismicity, seismic moment tensor inversion, error estimation, seismic moment tensor decomposition, 7, and 551
Language:
English
Description:
Non-liner inversion of ratio of (relative) P to S waves amplitudes of 3 selected KTB events was performed in Kolář (2007a) to determine moment tensors (MTs). Here further development of the method is presented: (i) re-calibration of the seismograms, (ii) re-interpretation of the S wave maximal amplitudes readings, (iii) a linear inversion of the (re-calibrated) amplitudes including MTs errors determination, and (iv) four methods of transformation of MT errors into errors of their decomposed parts. Generally, the new results confirm previous ones, however remain some open questions about MT errors transformation. New methodology is more accura te and data processing more user-friendly., Petr Kolář., and Obsahuje bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

5856. How the cereals cope with oxygen dificiency

Creator:
Hoffmann, P., Walter, G., Wiedenroth, E.-M., and Peine, G.
Format:
print
Type:
model:internalpart and TEXT
Language:
Multiple languages
Description:
Oxygen deficiency is a widespread stress factor. Its consequences studied with the seedlings of Triticum aesíivum, under a special consideration of their root growth and morphology, the gas exchange and pyridine nucleotide systém, and the chlorophyll biosynthesis in shoots, are reviewed here on the basis of the general stress concept.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

5857. How to interpret elevated plasmatic level of high-sensitive troponin T in newborns and infants?

Creator:
Petr Jehlička, Michal Huml, Masopustová, A, Jiří Dort, Matas, M, Alice Mocková, and Daniel Rajdl
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
fyziologie člověka, human physiology, High sensitive troponin T, Infants, Myocardial damage, Newborns, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Research and clinical implications on novel cardiac biomarkers has intensified significantly in the past few years. The highsensitive troponin T (hscTnT) assay plays a dominant role in diagnostic algorithm regarding myocardial injury in adults. Despite generally accepted use of hscTnT there are no data about physiological concentrations and cut-off limits in neonates and infants to date. The aim of this study is to assess hscTnT levels in healthy newborns and infants. Consecutively 454 healthy full termed newborns and 40 healthy infants were enrolled in the study. Samples of cord or venous blood were drawn and tested for hscTnT concentrations with high-sensitive TnT assay (Roche Cobas e602 immunochemical analyzer). The 97.5 percentile of hscTnT concentration was assessed and correlation analysis was performed in neonates. Two hundred and thirteen samples (47 %) were excluded due to blood hemolysis of various degrees in neonates. Finally, the group of 241 healthy newborns was statistically analyzed. The median concentration of hscTnT was 38.2 ng/ml, 97.5 percentile reached 83.0 ng/l (confidential interval 74.1 to 106.9 ng/l). HscTnT concentrations were statistically decreased in hemolytic samples when compared to non-hemolytic samples (34.3 ng/l [26.7 to 42.0 ng/l] and 37.1 ng/l [30.5 to 47.9 ng/l], respectively, p=0.003). Elevated plasma concentrations of hscTnT decreased to adult level within six months. This study has confirmed the higher reference levels of hscTnT in neonates and young infants when compared with adult population. Many extracardiac factors as hemolysis and age may affect the hscTnT level. Based on presented results, a careful clinical interpretation of hscTnT is recommended., P. Jehlička, M. Huml, D. Rajdl, A. Mocková, M. Matas, J. Dort, A. Masopustová., and Seznam literatury
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

5859. HPMA copolymer-based polymer conjugates for the delivery and controlled release of retinoids

Creator:
Lidický, O., Milada Šírová, and Tomáš Etrych
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, retinoidy, retinoids, polymer conjugate, HPMA, controlled release, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
In this paper, we describe the synthesis, physicochemical characterization, drug release kinetics and preliminary biological evaluation of several N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide (HPMA)-based polymer-retinoid conjugates designed for solid tumor immunotherapy. The conjugates are supposed to inhibit the immunosuppressive activity of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) accumulated in the solid tumor microenvironment. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) was derivatized to hydrazide (AtrHy) and then attached to the polymer backbone via a spacer that is stable at the normal pH of blood (7.4) and hydrolytically degradable in mildly acidic environments (e.g. in endosomes or lysosomes, pH~5.0-6.5). Polymer-AtrHy conjugates were designed to achieve prolonged blood circulation and release of the immunomodulator intracellularly or extracellularly in solid tumor tissue. Three types of polymer precursors, differing in the structure of the keto acid-containing side chains, were synthesized. A linkage susceptible to hydrolytic cleavage was formed by the conjugation reaction of the carbonyl groupterminated side chains of the polymer precursors with the hydrazide group of a drug derivative. In vitro incubation of the conjugates in buffers resulted in much faster release of the drugs or their derivatives from the polymer at pH 5.0 than at pH 7.4, with the rate depending on the detailed structure of the spacer. Both the AtrHy derivative and its polymer conjugates showed the ability to induce the differentiation of retinoid-responsive HL-60 cells, thus demonstrating the required biological activity., O. Lidický, M. Šírová, T. Etrych., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

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