Osteochondrom (exostóza) je nejčastějším benigním kostním tumorem. Ve většině případů jde o solitární lézi. Mnohočetná hereditární osteochondromatóza představuje vzácné autozomálně dominantně dědičné onemocnění charakterizované růstem vícečetných exostóz především na metafýzách dlouhých kostí, lopatách kosti kyčelní, žebrech, obratlích a na lopatkách. Cévní komplikace mnohočetné osteochondromatózy jsou velice vzácné, přičemž nejčastěji postihují popliteální tepnu. Autoři popisují případ 27leté pacientky s hereditární mnohočetnou osteochondromatózou, která byla komplikována femoropopliteální žilní trombózou a rozsáhlým pseudoaneuryzmatem popliteální tepny., Osteochondromas (exostoses) are the most common benign bone tumours. In most cases, osteochondroma occurs as a solitary lesion. Hereditary multiple osteochondromatosis is an autosomal dominant disorder manifested by multiple exostoses most commonly located at the metaphyses of long bones, the iliac crest, the ribs, the vertebral borders, and scapulas. Vascular complications of multiple osteochondromatosis are very rare, most frequently affecting the popliteal artery. The authors report the case of a 27-year-old female patient with hereditary multiple osteochondromatosis that was complicated by femoropopliteal deep vein thrombosis and giant popliteal artery pseudoaneurysm., and I. Guňka, M. Leško, P. Janata, O. Renc, J. Raupach
Many fundamental processes in chemistry and biology occur on extremely short time scales inaccessible by conventional analytical methods. Here we show how femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy reveals intimate details of key molecular processes such as electron or energy transfer. We describe in detail experimental set-up and discuss various parameters necessary to obtain desired information. Application of the method is demonstrated on peridinin-chlorophyll protein from marine photosynthetic organisms, in which we follow dynamics of energy transfer between carotenoids and chlorophylls., Petr Hříbek, Marcel Fuciman, Pavel Chábera, Tomáš Polívka., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Wetlands on arable land host ephemeral vegetation and their existence relies on soil water saturation and periodic mechanical disturbations. In this habitat, we found several rare species listed in the Black and Red List of Vascular Plants of the Czech Re - public. Evidently, wetlands on arable land deserve protection and further research is needed for their closer inspection. and Radomír Němec, Vlasta Škorpíková, Václav Křivan.
This article asks why it is so difficult to find a place for Raymond Aron among sociologists, even though he is consensually regarded as one of the most important contributors to the development of political sociology and to the analysis of the democratic political regjmes of his day. The author examines the foundations of Aron's 'political sociology' in terms of (a) Aron's intellectual development and (b) the French intellectual scene from the 1940s to the 1980s (including the conflict with Sartre and Merleau-Ponty over Soviet totalitarianism). Also discussed are Aron's intellectual roots in the French philosophical tradition (Montesquieu and Tocqueville), his analysis of German thought in the late 1930s (especially the influence of Max Weber), and the fundamentals of his philosophy of history. In the second part the author looks at Aron's critical analyses of totalitarianism and contrasts the specifics of his approach with some frequent themes in the theories of totalitarianism, namely the so-called uneven distribution of fear and 'hidden' (illegal and illegitimate) exclusion. In conclusion the author interprets Aron's 'pessimist dialectics' (disenchantment with the idea of progress) as a vital stimulus for the study of social and political issues today.
Feochromocytom se může projevit různými příznaky, symptomy na podkladě setrvalého nebo paroxyzmálního uvolňování katecholaminů. Arteriální hypertenze může být trvalá nebo záchvatovitá a palpitace jsou většinou projevem sinusové tachykardie. V některých případech, dokonce jako první projev feochromocytomu, se mohou vyskytnout závažné kardiovaskulární komplikace, jako je hypertenzní emergentní situace, ischemie myokardu, kardiomyopatie a srdeční selhání, multisystémová krize nebo šok. Vylučování katecholaminů může být doprovázeno i arytmiemi – tachykardiemi (supraventrikulárními a komorovými) a méně často i bradykardiemi (AV blokem nebo junkčními). Vliv katecholaminů není omezen jen na myokard, ale může také vést k postižení centrální nervové soustavy, jako je tranzientní ischemická ataka nebo cévní mozková příhoda. Protože většina z těchto komplikací může být i život ohrožující, jedinou prevencí je včasná diagnóza a správná léčba, především ve specializovaných centrech., Pheochromocytoma may present with various clinical signs, symptoms due to continuous and/or paroxysmal release of catecholamines. Arterial hypertension may be sustained and/or paroxysmal and palpitations are mainly due to sinus tachycardia. In some cases, even as the first manifestation of pheochromocytoma, may occur severe cardiovascular complications such as hypertensive emergency, myocardial ischemia, cardiomyopathy and heart failure, multisystem crisis or shock. Catecholamine release may be also associated with arrhythmias – tachycardias (supraventricular or ventricular) or less frequently bradycardias (AV blocks and junctional). The effect of catecholamines is not restricted to myocardium, but may also lead to cerebrovascular impairment such as transient ischemic attack or stroke. As many of these complications may be life-threatening, the only prevention is early diagnosis of pheochromocytoma and proper treatment, in particular in specialized centers., and Tomáš Zelinka, Jiří Widimský Jr