Hippocampus is a brain structure containing vasopressin (AVP) fibers and specific binding sites for this peptide. There is growing evidence that AVP and its metabolites participate in glutamate-mediated plasticity of the hippocampus. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of NMDA on AVP release in the rabbit hippocampus. Caudate nucleus was chosen as the reference structure. The mentioned brain structures were simultaneously microdialyzed with 0.9 % NaCl solution. AVP was determined in the outflowing fluid by radioimmunoassay. The mean basal AVP content in the fluid outflowing from the hippocampus was significantly greater than that from the caudate nucleus. The addition of K+ into the fluid perfusing the probes implanted into the hippocampus and caudate nucleus significantly increased AVP release into the extracellular fluid of both brain structures. NMDA applied into the mentioned brain structures increased AVP release only from the hippocampus but not from the caudate nucleus. Our findings indicate a role which NMDA receptors play in AVP release into the extracellular fluid of the hippocampus., M. Orłowska-Majdak, W. Z. Traczyk, D. Szymański., and Obsahuje bibliografii
The use of reversible lesion techniques in memory research was pioneered in the laboratory of Jan Bureš and Olga Burešova. We use the occasion of Jan’s 75th birthday to briefly review the experimental utility of this approach. Two experiments from our current research are reported in which reversible lesioning methods are used to ask otherwise experimentally untenable questions about memory retrieval. The first experiment used intra-hippocampal injections of tetrodotoxin to temporarily inactivate the hippocampus during retrieval of a well-learned place avoidance navigation memory. This revealed that the hippocampus is necessary for place avoidance retrieval but that the extinction of place avoidance can occur independently of retrieving the memory and intact hippocampal function. The second experiment used KCl-induced cortical spreading depression in an interhippocampal transfer paradigm to demonstrate that a Y-maze memory that is learned by only one cortical hemisphere can be made to transfer to the other hemisphere by forcing the rat to swim, a unique stressful experience that occurred in a different apparatus, different behavioral context, and involved different behaviors than the Y-maze training. This demonstrates, we believe for the first time behaviorally, that memories can be activated outside of the behavioral context of their acquisition and expression in rats., K. Ježek, M. Wesierska, A. A. Fenton., and Obsahuje bibliografii
nunc tandem per M. Fabiu Rhauen natem, Gulielmum Copum Basiliensem, Nicolaum Leonicenu, & Andream Brentium ...Latinitate donata, ac iamprimu in lucem aedita ..., Index, Na vnitřní straně desek je papírový štítek se starou signaturou a přeškrtanými nápisy psanými tužkou. Na titulní straně je jméno dřívějšího majitele Emericha Tótha a rukou psané poznámky, stejné jako na okrajích v celé knize. Na vnitřní straně desek knihy je červené kulaté razítko Lékařské muzeum v Praze. Stejné razítko je na poslední stránce knihy pod závěrečným signetem. Na rubu titulní stránky je hranaté červené razítko Státní ústav pro zdravotnickou dokumentační a knihovnickou službu., and Vazba je zhotovena z lepenky potažené škrobovým papírem Vazba je značně poškozena, vnitřní blok je před rozpadem Na přední straně desek je papírový štítek se současnou signaturou a přírůstkovým číslem Hřbet knihy je značne poškozen se zlatým nápisem: Hippocratis opera omnia a iniciálami D G F
The aim of this study was to determine the relative contribution of nitric oxide (NO), endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) and prostanoids in histamine-induced relaxation of isolated pulmonary artery from normotensive and hypertensive rats. The hypertension was induced by oral administration of NO synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME, 50 mg/kg/day) to normotensive rats for 8 weeks. In phenylephrine-precontracted arterial rings the histamine-induced relaxation was significantly reduced in L-NAME-treated rats compared to the controls. Indomethacin (cyclooxygenase inhibitor) and glibenclamide (ATP-sensitive K+-channel blocker) did not inhibit the relaxation response in either control or hypertensive rats. On the other hand, tetraethylammonium (TEA), a K+-channel blocker with a broad specificity, significantly reduced histamine-induced relaxation in the pulmonary artery from both groups examined. The TEA-resistant relaxation was completely abolished by additional administration of L-NAME to the incubation medium. The results indicate that histamine-induced relaxation of the pulmonary artery in both normotensive and hypertensive rats is mediated mainly by nitric oxide, whereas EDHF seems to play a minor role., J. Török., and Obsahuje bibliografii