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8502. MAC'09 poprvé v České republice

Creator:
Jiří Neužil, Ladislav Anděra, and Alois Kozubík
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Věda. Všeobecnosti. Základy vědy a kultury. Vědecká práce, mezinárodní konference, mitochondrie, genetika, international conferences, mitochondrias, genetics, Praha (Česko), Prague (Czechia), 12, and 00
Language:
Czech
Description:
The European Molecular Biology Organization orga­ni­zed a meeting in Prague October 1-3. At this symposium several topics were discussed: biology and genetics of mitochondria in relation to cancer; the role of mitochondria-targeting compounds in cancer suppression (including BH3 mimetics); mitochondria as transmitters of death receptor-induced apoptosis; regulation of apoptosis and the interplay of mitochondria with other organelles p53 and mitochondria in apoptosis regulation; and the role of mitochondria in targeting cancer stem cells. and Jiří Neužil, Ladislav Anděra a Alois Kozubík.
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

8503. Mach vědec, učitel a člověk: (přednáška při odhalení desky v Chrlicích 13. II.)

Creator:
Novák, Vladimír
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Mach, Ernst, 1838-1916, fyzika, fyzici, matematici, physics, physicists, mathematicians, Chrlice (Brno, Česko), Chrlice (Brno, Czechia), 6, and 53
Language:
Czech
Description:
článek z Elektronického obzoru 27(7), 102-104 (1938). and Vladimír Novák. (Společný úvod k tomuto a dalším 2 textům uvádí redakce na str. 249.)
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

8504. Mach, relativita a kosmologie

Creator:
Bičák, Jiří
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
model:article and TEXT
Subject:
Mach, Ernst, 1838-1916, 19.-20. století, fyzici, teorie relativity, kosmologie, physicists, relativity theory, cosmology, Česko, Czechia, 6, and 53
Language:
Czech and English
Description:
We first recall the main features of Mach's radical attitude to the "philosophy of science", illustrated best by his criticism of absolute space and time, and discuss the impact of Mach's ideas on the birth of special and general relativity. The experiment to demonstrate "Machian effects" of dragging of inertial frames by a rotating body (carried out by four gyroscopes placed in an orbit around the Earth) was conceived in 1959 but only in 2014 was the satellite launched. The last results from the experiment were finally summarised at the end of 2015: they confirm the dragging as predicted by general relativity with an accuracy of 19 %. We show that a rotating black hole can even drag magnetic field lines and indicate possible astrophysical meaning of processes of this type. in the concluding parts, our investigation of dragging effects by gravitational waves and the study of Mach's principle in the context of cosmology, obtained in collaboration with Donald Lynden-Bell (Cambridge) and Joseph Katz (Jerusalem), are briefly reviewed., Jiří Bičák., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

8508. Macromolecular systems for vaccine delivery

Creator:
Mužíková, G. and Richard Laga
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, buněčná imunita, adjuvanty, cellular immunity, adjuvants, vaccine delivery, humoral immunity, polymer immunostimulants, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Vaccines have helped considerably in eliminating some lifethreatening infectious diseases in past two hundred years. Recently, human medicine has focused on vaccination against some of the world’s most common infectious diseases (AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, etc.), and vaccination is also gaining popularity in the treatment of cancer or autoimmune diseases. The major limitation of current vaccines lies in their poor ability to generate a sufficient level of protective antibodies and T cell responses against diseases such as HIV, malaria, tuberculosis and cancers. Among the promising vaccination systems that could improve the potency of weakly immunogenic vaccines belong macromolecular carriers (water soluble polymers, polymer particels, micelles, gels etc.) conjugated with antigens and immunistumulatory molecules. The size, architecture, and the composition of the high molecular-weight carrier can significantly improve the vaccine efficiency. This review includes the most recently developed (bio)polymer-based vaccines reported in the literature., G. Mužíková, R. Laga., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

8509. Macrophage phenotypes in the adipose tissue of postmenopausal women

Creator:
Králová, A., Ivana K. Lesná, Jiří Froněk, Čejková, S., Sekerková, A., Libor Janoušek, Thieme, F., Ilja Stříž, Jana Ždychová, and Rudolf Poledne
Format:
print, bez média, and svazek
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, menopauza, tuková tkáň, záněty, menopause, adipose tissue, inflammations, macrophages, calprotectin, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Atherosclerosis pathology is the interplay between high intrav ascular LDL particle concentration and monocyte/ macrophage presence within the sub -endothelial space of the artery. In this project, phenotypes of macrophages connected with subclinical inflammation in adipose tissue of living kidney donors were studied. Samples of subcutaneous adipose tissue of living kidney donors (n=36) were exposed to collagenase. Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) was eluted from the samples, then labeled with monoclonal antibodies (anti- CD14 and anti -calprotectin), conjugated with fluo rochromes and analy zed by flow cytometry. The positive correlation between the number of total macrophages and calprotectin- positive macrophages with BMI in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of postmenopausal women was demonstrated (p<0.05; R=0.43 and p<0.01 ; R=0.60), whereas no positive correlation in premenopausal women and men was shown. In conclusion, we documented a significant effect of BMI increase on the presence of total macrophages in adipose tissue of postmenopausal women, in contrast to premenopausal women. This difference was much more pronounced when proinflammatory macrophages with membrane- bound calprotectin were analyzed., A. Králová, I. Králová Lesná, J. Froněk, S. Čejková, A. Sekerková, L. Janoušek, F. Thieme, I. Stříž, J. Ždychová, R. Poledne., and Obsahuje bibliografii
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/ and policy:public

8510. Macrophages are novel sites of expression and regulation of retinol binding protein-4 (RBP4)

Creator:
Broch, M., Ramírez, R., Auguet, M. T., Alcaide, M. J., Aguilar, C., Garcia-España, A., and Richart, C.
Format:
print
Type:
article, články, model:article, and TEXT
Subject:
Fyziologie člověka a srovnávací fyziologie, obezita, obesity, RBP4, primary human macrophages, inflammatory markers, 14, and 612
Language:
English
Description:
Obesity is linked to a low-level chronic inflammatory state that may contribute to the development of associated metabolic complications. Retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) is an adipokine associated with parameters of obesity including insulin resistance indices, body mass index, waist circumference, lipid profile, and recently, with circulating inflammatory factors. Due to the infiltration of adipose tissue in obesity by macrophages derived from circulating monocytes and, on the other hand, the existence of a close genetic relationship between adipocytes and macrophages, we decided to examine if RBP4 is expressed in monocytes and/or primary human macrophages. While we did not detect expression of RBP4 in undifferentiated monocytes, RBP4 expression became evident during the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages and was highest in differentiated macrophages. Once we demonstrated the expression of RBP4 in macrophages, we checked if RBP4 expression could be regulated by inflammatory stimuli such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), or the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We observed that while RBP4 expression was strongly inhibited by TNF-α and LPS, it was not affected by IL-6. Our results highlight the complexity behind the regulation of this adipokine and demonstrate that RBP4 expression in macrophages could be modulated by inflammatory stimuli., M. Broch ... [et al.]., and Obsahuje bibliografii a bibliografické odkazy
Rights:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ and policy:public

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